Walter Dulany Addison

Walter Dulany Adison

Walter Dulany Addison (January 1, 1769 – 1848) was an Episcopal clergyman who served as Chaplain of the United States Senate (1810–1811).

Early years

Walter Dulany Addison was born at Annapolis, Maryland on January 1, 1769, the son of Thomas Covington Addison and Rebecca Dulany Addison. Their home was Oxon Hill Manor, overlooking the Potomac River opposite Alexandria, Virginia, where the family lived in great state, driving a coach and four with liveried outriders.^[1] Along with Mount Vernon, Belvoir and Carlisle House, it was one of the great mansions of the Colonial era. The Addison Plantation, as it is sometimes called, was a large agricultural plantation. Acquired by John Addison in 1687, the site was the estate of successive generations of the Addison family.^[2]

When he was fifteen years old, Walter Addison and two of his brothers sailed to England to be educated there under the care of their uncle, Dr. Jonathan Boucher, a Tory who had returned to England during the American Revolution. Addison returned to Maryland in 1789, and studied for the ministry under the direction of Rev. Thomas John Claggett, who ordained him a deacon in Saint Peter's Parish, Talbot County on May 26, 1793.

Ministry

Rev. Addison then became the first priest that Bishop Claggett ordained after his own consecration as Bishop of Maryland in 1793.^[3] Rev. Addison thus succeeded his uncle by serving from 1973 to 1795 as rector of Queen Anne Parish, with its two widely separated churches, Holy Trinity and St. Barnabas'.^[4]

Rev. Addison soon established a school at his home, Oxon Hill. In 1799 he became assistant rector under Rev. Henry T. Addison, and in 1805 he became rector of St. Matthew's Church, also known as Addison Chapel to commemorate its founder (and both Rev. Addisons' ancestor), Col. John Addison. The current building was erected between 1809 and 1816, under Rev. Walter Addison's direction.^[5] Rev. Addison, who freed the slaves he inherited, publicly advocated the abolition of slavery as well as the practice of dueling. He also helped found several Episcopal churches in the new city of Washington, D.C. and Alexandria, Virginia, as well as a black Methodist church in Oxon Hill.^[6]

Due to the shortage of Episcopal priests in that era and area, while serving at Addison Chapel, in 1801 Rev. Addison also became the first rector of St. John's Church in Georgetown.^[1][7][8] Rev. Addison officiated at the funeral of George Washington.^[5] He also encouraged William Holland Wilmer and former student (and future Virginia bishop) William Meade in their attempts to school Episcopal clergy, which eventually led to the founding of Virginia Theological Seminary.

In 1810, Addison sold most of the original Oxon Hill property to Zachariah Berry.^[9] At the end of the year, December 12, 1810, Rev. Addison was appointed as U.S. Senate Chaplain, succeeding Rev. Obadiah Bruen Brown.^[10]

Rev. Addison helped incorporate the Georgetown Lancaster School Society, and also served as vice-president of the Bible Society of the District of Columbia.^[11]

Personal life

Walter Dulany Addison married Elizabeth Dulany Hesselius, the daughter of well-known portrait painter John Hesselius and Mary Young, on June 5, 1792 in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Their children include: Lloyd Dulany Addison.^[12] In 1792, Walter Dulany Addison and his bride leased Battersea House for a year. Elizabeth Addison gave Battersea its new name, Harmony Hall, which it retains to this day.^[13]

Death and legacy

Rev. Addison lost his sight during the last decades of his life. He died on January 31, 1848 and was buried in his family's cemetery at Oxon Hill.^[14]

A biography of the clergyman was published fifty years later by his granddaughter.^[15]

References

1. Side-Lights on Maryland History, by Hester Dorsey Richardson, 1913, p. 4.
2. One Hundred Years Ago; or, the Life and Times of Rev. Walter Dulany Addison, by Elizabeth Hesselius Murray (his granddaughter), 1895
3. Archives of the General Convention, Volume 6, by Episcopal Church, General Convention, p. 207.
4. Constance Pelzer Ackerson, Holy Trinity-Collington: her people and their church: two hundred and ... - Page 59
5. Addison Chapel, Historic American Buildings Survey, National Park Service.
6. http://www.stjohnsbroadcreek.org/StJohnHistory.htm
7. Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, 1906, p. 85.
8. http://stjohnsgeorgetown.org/about-us/our-history
9. "Oxon Hill Manor". www.jefpat.org. Jefferson Patterson Park & Museum. 2003. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
10. "Senate Chaplain". www.senate.gov. United States Senate. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
11. A History of the National Capital, by Wilhelmus Bogart Bryan, p. 639.
12. Mac/McPherson of PA and Related Families; rootsweb.com
13. "Harmony Hall: History & Culture". www.nps.gov. U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved January 13, 2010.
14. Edward D. Neill, The History of Education in Virginia during the 17th Century(U.S. Dept. of Education, 1867) p. 34, available at google books, https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=dFFR9aBOXogC&rdid=book-dFFR9aBOXogC&rdot=1
15. Elizabeth Hesselius Murray, One Hundred Years Ago, or the Life and Times of Walter Dulany Addison (Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs, 1898) available at https://archive.org/details/onehundredyearsa00eliz