William White (architect)

White, in about 1900

William White, FSA (1825–1900) was an English architect, noted for his part in 19th century Gothic Revival architecture and church restorations. He was the son of a clergyman and great nephew of the writer and naturalist, Gilbert White of Selborne.

After a five-year apprenticeship in Leamington Spa he moved to London as an improver in George Gilbert Scott's practice where he remained for two years before setting up his own practice in Truro in 1847. In 1851 he returned to London and worked out of Wimpole Street. His style was close to that of William Butterfield and he built many churches.

Works

Cornwall

St Michael's parish church, Baldhu

• St Michael's parish church, Baldhu, (new build) 1848^[1]
• Maryfield House, Antony, near Torpoint, (school, house and vicarage) 1848^[2]
• Bank and Solicitors Offices, Truro, (new commercial premises for the Cornish Bank and solicitors offices). Now Charlotte's Tea House and Pizza Express 1849^[1]
• St Gerrent, Gerrans, (rebuild apart from tower and spire) 1850^[1]
• St Felicitas and St Piala's Church, Phillack 1856 - 1857
• St Philip and St James parish church, Antony, near Torpoint
• House at Lower Town, Colan, Mountjoy, circa 1875
• St Peter's parish church, Mithian, near St Agnes, 1861
• Bank House, at St Columb Major, circa 1857^[3]
• House at Denzell, near St Columb Major
• The Old Rectory St Columb Major^[4]
• Penmellyn House, St Columb Major
• Rosemellyn House, St Columb Major, 1871 ^[5]
• St Hilary's parish church, re-built on the old foundations in 1855
• Rectory for Canon Reginald Hobhouse at St Ive, 1852–54^[6]
• St Moren parish church, Lamorran, 1845, restoration^[1]
• St Petroc's parish church, Little Petherick, 1858^[7]
• St Peter's parish church, Mithian, built 1861
• Trewan Hall some alterations and additions, 1870

Devon

Holy Trinity parish church, Barnstaple

• Bishop’s Court, in Sowton. This former bishop's palace was remodeled in the 1860s, this was considered by English Heritage^[8] to be one of White's most important domestic buildings' for here he carefully designed the fittings and much of the furniture, with exceptional attention to detail, specifically for the house.^[9]
• St Michael's parish church, Clyst Honiton
• St Nicholas & St Giles parish church, Sidmouth
• Holy Trinity parish church, Barnstaple, 1867
• St Mary's parish church, Upton Pyne, alterations 1874–75^[10]
• St Michael and All Angels parish church, Cadbury, Devon, restoration in 1857 ^[11]
• St John the Baptist parish church, Instow, restored 1872–73^[12]
• St Peter's parish church, Shirwell, heavily restored 1880s^[13]
• Holy Trinity parish church, West Down, restored 1874^[14]
• Dartington Hall, South Hams, remodelled and extended again in about 1860 ^[15]
• Winscott House, Peters Marland, 1865 for John Curzon Moore-Stevens, Esq.^[16]
• St Peter's parish church, Peters Marland, 1865, financed by John Curzon Moore-Stevens, Esq., of Winscott House. Rebuilding of nave and chancel, ancient tower unaltered. Tiles on chancel floor bear date 1865 with arms of Stevens.^[16]

Essex

• St Giles parish church, Great Maplestead
• St. Laurence and All Saints Church, Eastwood, restoration, 1873–75^[17]

Hampshire

• Christ Church, Freemantle, Southampton, consecrated 1865 ^[18]
• St Mark's parish church, Woolston, Hampshire, consecrated 17 November 1863
• St Mary's parish church, Selborne, Hampshire, restoration in 1856^[19]
• St Michael and All Angels church, Lyndhurst, Hampshire, between 1890 and 1892^[20]

London

St Marks, Battersea Rise

• St Mark's parish church, Battersea Rise, 1872–74^[21]
• St Saviour's parish church, Aberdeen Park, Islington, 1865-66 ^[22]
• All Saints parish church, Kensington,^[23]
• Forest School Chapel, College Place, Waltham Forest, built 1857 and enlarged 1875
• St Michael's parish church, Wandsworth Common, 1881,^[24]
• St Dionis Vicarage, 18 Parsons Green, London, built 1898-99.^[25]

Oxfordshire

• All Saints parish church, Mollington, restoration, 1856^[26]
• St James parish church, Claydon, restoration, 1860^[27]
• St Lawrence's parsonage, Milcombe, 1861–62^[28]
• All Saints parish church, Great Bourton, almost completely rebuilt, 1863^[29]
• Holy Trinity Vicarage, Finstock, 1864^[30]
• St Giles parish church, Wigginton, restoration of chancel and south aisle, 1870^[31][32]
• Belfried gate tower for All Saints parish church, Great Bourton, 1882^[29]

Surrey

• St John the Divine parish church, Felbridge, Surrey, 1865^[33]
• St John's Vicarage, Felbridge, Surrey

Sussex

• St Mary the Virgin parish church, Littlehampton, West Sussex, new chancel and restoration 1899^[34]
• St Peter and St Paul parish church, West Wittering, West Sussex^[35][36]

Other counties in England

• Holy Innocents parish church, Adisham, Kent, restoration, 1869
• Quy Hall, Stow-cum-Quy, Cambridgeshire, rebuilding 1869–71
• Holy Trinity parish church, Elvington, York, East Riding of Yorkshire, 1876–77^[37]
• Holy Cross & St. Mary's parish church, Quainton, Buckinghamshire, 1877
• St Leonard’s parish church, Sandridge, Hertfordshire, comprehensive restoration, 1886–87^[38]
• Stained glass in Holy Trinity, Touchen End, Berkshire
• St. James and St. John parish church, Derwent, Derbyshire

Ireland

• Humewood Castle, Wicklow Mountains, Ireland ^{[lower-alpha 1]}

South Africa

• St, Batholomew's Church,^[39] Grahamstown

White's contemporaries in the Gothic Revival

• James Brooks
• Richard Cromwell Carpenter
• John Loughborough Pearson
• Benjamin Mountfort
• James Piers St Aubyn
• George Edmund Street
• Henry Woodyer

Notes and references

1. Professor Mark Girouard acknowledges Humewood as "the finest and most important 19th century castellated mansion in Ireland"

1. Hunter 2010.
2. Historic England. "Maryfield House (61690)". Images of England.
3. Historic England. "Bank House (71251)". Images of England.
4. Historic England. "St Columb Major Rectory (71209)". Images of England.
5. Historic England. "Rosemellyn House (71205)". Images of England.
6. Historic England. "St Ive Rectory (61375)". Images of England.
7. Historic England. "Little Petherick Church (397167)". Images of England.
8. Historic England. "Bishop's Court (1097577)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
9. "Bishops Court - About the House". Angelfire.com. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
10. Historic England. "Church of St Mary (86129)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
11. Historic England. "Church of St Michael and All Angels (437165)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
12. Historic England. "Church of St John the Baptist, Rectory Lane (98794)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
13. Historic England. "Church of St Peter (98239)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
14. Historic England. "Church of Holy Trinity, Churchpool (98462)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
15. Historic England. "Old Postern, Dartington, South Hams, Devon (101038)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
16. Lauder 2005, pp. 54-55.
17. "The impact of the proposed expansion of Southend Airport on nearby parish churches" (PDF). The impact of airport expansion proposals on parish churches. Church Buildings Council of the Church of England. July 2009. pp. 53–59. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
18. "Christ Church, Freemantle, Southampton". Hampshire County Council. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
19. "Selborne, Hampshire - St Mary's Church". The Astoft Collection of Buildings of England. Astoft. 2001. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
20. "lyndchur". Southernlife.org.uk. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
21. Historic England. "Church of St Mark, Battersea Rise, SW11 (206989)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
22. Historic England. "Church of St Saviour, Aberdeen Park (368488)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
23. Historic England. "All Saints Church, Clydesdale Road W11 (203704)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
24. Historic England. "Church of St Michael, Cobham Close SW11 (207027)". Images of England. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
25. Historic England. "St Dionis Vicarage (1412867)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
26. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 711.
27. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 548.
28. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 705.
29. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 617.
30. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 605.
31. Sherwood & Pevsner 1974, p. 842.
32. Historic England. "Church of Saint Giles, Main Street (1052175)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
33. Nairn, Pevsner & Cherry 1971, p. 244.
34. Elleray 2004, p. 39.
35. Historic England. "The Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul  (Grade I) (1354665)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
36. "Littlehampton - St Mary". sussexparishchurches.org. April 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
37. Baggs, Kent & Purdy 1976, pp. 12-17.
38. Nutton, V (2009). St Leonard's Church Sandridge, A Tour of the Building and its History.
39. Demissie 2012, p. 257.

• Baggs, A.P.; Kent, G.H.R.; Purdy, J.D. (1976). "Elvington". In Allison, K.J. A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 3: Ouse and Derwent wapentake, and part of Harthill wapentake. Victoria County History. pp. 12–17. Retrieved 2011-01-16.
• Demissie, Fassil (2012). Colonial Architecture and Urbanism in Africa: Intertwined and Contested Histories. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-7512-9.
• Elleray, D. Robert (2004). Sussex Places of Worship. Worthing: Optimus Books. p. 39. ISBN 0-9533132-7-1.
• Girouard, Mark. The Victorian Country House. ISBN 0-300-03472-5.
• Hunter, Gill (2010). William White: Pioneer Victorian Architect. Spire. ISBN 978-1-904965-26-8.
• Lauder, Rosemary (2005). Vanished Houses of North Devon. Tiverton: Winscott House. ISBN 978-0-9528645-2-3.
• Nairn, Ian; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (revision) (1971) [1962]. Surrey. The Buildings of England (2nd ed.). Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 244. SBN 14-071021-3.
• Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). Oxfordshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. ISBN 0 14 071045 0.