William de Botreaux, 1st Baron Botreaux

Armorials of Botreaux: Argent, a griffin segreant gules armed azure

William de Botreaux (1337–1391) (pronounced "But'ry")^[1] (alt. “Bottreaux, Boterel etc.)^[2] was a prominent English West-Country baron during the reigns of King Edward III (1327-1377) and King Richard II (1377-1399).

Origins

He was the son and heir of William de Botreaux (d. 22 July 1349) of Forrabury, Cornwall (renamed after his family Boscastle, anciently “Bottreaux Castle”, Cornish: Kastell Boterel) Sheriff of Cornwall, by Isabel de Moels, younger daughter and co-heiress (with her sister Muriel, the wife of Thomas Courtenay (d. 1363) 5th son of Hugh de Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon) of John de Moels, 4th Baron Moels(d.1337), of East Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire and feudal baron of a moiety of North Cadbury, Somerset, by his wife Joan Lovel, daughter of Richard Lovel of Castle Cary, Somerset. The family is believed to have come from Les Bottereaux, in Upper Normandy near Evreux, France.^[3] His father William (d. 1349) was the son of Reynold (d. 1346), son of William (d. c. 1342), son of William (d. 1302), son of Reynold (d. 1273).^[4]

Career

He was born on 1 September 1337 at Botelet^[5] near Herodsfoot, 3 miles northeast of Lanreath, Cornwall. Botelet is 20 miles south of the family's ancient seat of Boscastle on the north Cornish coast. He received livery of his lands on 27 September 1359. In 1359 he took part in the expedition to Saxony^[6] and in 1380 was in the expedition to support Portugal against Spain.

Created Baron by writ

During the reign of King Edward III he was first summoned to parliament by writ addressed to Willelmo de Botreaux on 24 February 1367/8. He thus became the 1st Baron Botreaux. He was likewise summoned on several further occasions the last of which was 12 September 1390.

Armorials

The armorials of de Botreaux are: Argent, a griffin segreant gules armed azure.^[7]

Marriage

In February 1369/70 he married Elizabeth Daubeny (d. 29/5/1433),^[8] daughter of Ralph Daubeny, 2nd Baron Daubeny (1305–c. 1342) by Katherine Thweng, sister and co-heiress of Thomas Thweng, 4th Baron Thweng.

Progeny

He left the following progeny by Elizabeth Daubeny:

• William de Botreaux, 2nd Baron Botreaux (1367–1395)
• John de Botreaux (3rd son), lived at Molland-Bottreaux, Devon.^[9]

Death

He died on 10 August 1391.^[10] Before 1421 his widow Elizabeth became a nun at Tarrant Abbey, Dorset.

References

1. As is pronounced the name of the former Devon manor of Molland-Bottreaux, a remnant of which name survives as the hamlet of Bottreaux Mill, Molland
2. G. E. Cokayne's Complete Peerage gives the spelling with one “t” only.
3. Complete Peerage, p. 241, note c, quoting “Lower's Family Names”
4. Complete Peerage, p. 241, note d
5. modern spelling, alias Botylet
6. This expedition quoted in the Complete Peerage is little documented elsewhere, and its exact nature seems unclear.
7. Lysons, Daniel. Magna Britannia; vol. 6, 1822, pp. 95-108, Molland. "Beaked and legged" is better blazoned as "armed", followed by most other sources.
8. Inquest post mortem 1433-4
9. Rogers, W. H., (1877) The Ancient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon, Exeter: Printed for the author by W. Pollard; p. 388
10. Inquest post mortem dated 1391-2

Sources

• G. E. Cokayne Complete Peerage; vol 2, pp. 241–242