Pratt & Whitney J57

This article is about a 1952 turbojet. For the music artist, see J57.
J57 / JT3C
YJ57-P-3 cut-away demonstrator at USAF Museum
Type Turbojet
National origin United States
Manufacturer Pratt & Whitney
First run 1950
Major applications B-52 Stratofortress
KC-135 Stratotanker
B-57 Canberra
Boeing 707
Douglas DC-8
F-8 Crusader
F-100 Super Sabre
Lockheed U-2
Number built 21,170 built
Developed from Pratt & Whitney XT45
Variants JT3D/TF33
Developed into TF33/JT3D

The Pratt & Whitney J57 (company designation: JT3C) was an axial-flow turbojet engine developed by Pratt & Whitney in the early 1950s. The J57 (first run January 1950[1]) was the first 10,000 lbf (45 kN) thrust class engine in the United States. The J57/JT3C was developed into the J75/JT4A turbojet, JT3D/TF33 turbofan and the PT5/T57 turboprop.[2]

Design and development

The J57 was a development of the XT45 (PT4) turboprop engine intended for the XB-52. As the B-52 power requirements grew, the design evolved into a turbojet, the JT3. The prestigious Collier Trophy for 1952 was awarded to Leonard S. Hobbs, Chief Engineer of United Aircraft Corporation, for "designing and producing the P&W J57 turbojet engine".[3] On May 25, 1953, a J57-powered YF-100A exceeded Mach 1 on its maiden flight. The engine was produced from 1951 to 1965 with a total of 21,170 built.

One XT57 was installed in the nose of a JC-124C (BuNo 52-1069), and tested in 1956.[4][5]

Variants

Pratt & Whitney JT3 (1/4th scale)
J57-P-1W
11,400 lbf (51 kN) s.t with water injection (B-52B)
J57-P-1WA
As P-1W
J57-P-1WB
As P-1W
YJ57-P-3
8,700 lbf (39 kN) thrust, used in the Convair YB-60
J57-P-4A
16,200 lbf (72.06 kN) thrust
J57-P-8A
10,400 lbf (46.26 kN) thrust
J57-P-10
12,400 lbf (55.16 kN) thrust
J57-P-11
9,700 lbf (43.15 kN) thrust, 14,800 lbf (65.83 kN) thrust
J57-P-13
14,880 lbf (66.19 kN) thrust
J57-P-16
16,900 lbf (75.17 kN) thrust
J57-P-20
18,000 lbf (80.07 kN) thrust[6]
J57-P-20A
18,000 lbf (80.07 kN) thrust
J57-P-21
17,000 lbf (75.62 kN) thrust
J57-P-25
15,000 lbf (66.72 kN) thrust
J57-P-31
J57-P-37A
J57-P-43W
13,750 lbf (61.16 kN) thrust
J57-P-43WB
13,750 lbf (61.16 kN) thrust[6]
J57-P-59W
13,750 lbf (61.16 kN) thrust
T57
15,000 hp (11,185.50 kW) turboprop
JT3C-2
Civilian derivative of the J57-P-43WB, 13,750 lbf (61.16 kN) thrust[6]
JT3C-6
13,500 lbf (60.05 kN) thrust[6]
JT3C-7
12,000 lbf (53.38 kN) thrust[6]
JT3C-12
13,000 lbf (57.83 kN) thrust[6]
JT3C-26
Civilian derivative of the J57-P-20, 18,000 lbf (80.07 kN) thrust[6]
JT3D/TF33:A turbo-fan derivative of the J57.[6]
PT5
Company designation for the T57.

Applications

J57s on a B-52D
J57 (Military)
JT3C (Civilian)
JT3Cs installed on a Boeing 707-123
T57 turboprop

Engines on display

Specifications (JT3C-7)

Data from

General characteristics

Components

Performance

Specifications (J57-P-23)

Pratt & Whitney J57 turbojet

Data from

General characteristics

Components

Performance

See also

Related development
Comparable engines
Related lists

References

Notes
  1. ↑ The Engines of Pratt & Whitney: A Technical History" Jack Connors, AIAA Inc. 2010, ISBN 978-1-60086-711-8, p. 225
  2. ↑ Gunston, p.167
  3. ↑ List of Collier Trophy Winners
  4. ↑ Francillon, René J. McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920 (Putnam, 1979), p.470.
  5. ↑ Connors, p.294
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Taylor, John W.R. FRHistS. ARAeS (1962). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1962-63. London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co Ltd.
  7. ↑ http://neam.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&layout=edit&id=1059 "Pratt & Whitney J57 (JTC3) Cutaway"
Bibliography
  • Taylor, John W.R. FRHistS. ARAeS (1962). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1962-63. London: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co Ltd. 
  • Connors, Jack (2010). The Engines of Pratt & Whitney: A Technical History. Reston. Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. ISBN 978-1-60086-711-8. 
  • Francillon, René J. McDonnell Douglas Aircraft since 1920. London: Putnam, 1979. ISBN 0-370-00050-1.
  • Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X. 
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