97th Jäger Division (Wehrmacht)
| 97th Jäger Division | |
|---|---|
|
Insignia of the 97th Jäger Division | |
| Active | 1941–1945 |
| Country |
.svg.png){kind=small} Nazi Germany |
| Allegiance | Adolf Hitler |
| Size | Division |
| Nickname(s) |
Spielhahn Division Spielhahnfeder |
| Engagements | World War II |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Walter Weiß |
(Wehrmacht).svg.png)
The 97th Jäger Division was a German Infantry Division during World War II. It can trace its origins to the 97th Light Infantry Division which was formed in December 1940. It was then redesignated the 97th Jäger Division in July 1942. It fought in the Battle of Kursk and suffered heavy losses. It was then transferred to the lower Dnieper river area and fought well during the retreat through the Ukraine. It was transferred to Slovakia in October 1944 and surrendered to the Red Army near Deutschbrod in May 1945.[1][2]
Background
The main purpose of the German Jäger Divisions was to fight in adverse terrain where smaller, coordinated units were more facilely combat-capable than the brute force offered by the standard infantry divisions. The Jäger divisions were more heavily equipped than mountain divisions, but not as well armed as a larger infantry division. In the early stages of the war, they were the interface divisions fighting in rough terrain and foothills as well as urban areas, between the mountains and plains. The Jägers (hunters in German), relied on a high degree of training and slightly superior communications, as well as their not inconsiderable artillery support. In the middle stages of the war, as the standard infantry divisions were downsized, the Jäger structure of divisions with two infantry regiments, became the standard table of organization.[3]
In 1943, Adolf Hitler declared that all infantry divisions were now Grenadier Divisions except for his elite Jäger and Mountain Jäger divisions.[3]
Commanders
- Generaloberst Walter Weiß (15 December 1940 – 15 January 1941)
- General der Infanterie Sigismund von Förster (15 January 1941 – 15 April 1941)
- General der Artillerie Maximilian Fretter-Pico (15 April 1941 – 27 December 1941)
- Generalleutnant Ernst Rupp (1 January 1942 – 30 May 1943)
- Generalmajor Friedrich-Wilhelm Otte (30 May 1943 – 3 June 1943)
- General der Infanterie Ludwig Müller (3 June 1943 – 12 December 1943)
- Generalleutnant Friedrich-Carl Rabe von Pappenheim (13 December 1943 – 17 April 1945)
- Generalmajor Robert Bader (17 April 1945 – 8 May 1945) [1]
Area of operations
- As 97th Light Division
- Germany (Dec 1940 – June 1941)
- Eastern front, southern sector (June 1941 – July 1942)
- As 97th Jäger Division
- Eastern front, southern sector (July 1942 – October 1944)
- Slovakia (October 1944 – May 1945) see: Battle of the Dukla Pass[1]
References
- 1 2 3 Wendal, Marcus. "Heer Units". Axis History. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- ↑ "97. Jäger-Division". Lexikon der Wehrmacht (in German). Retrieved 2009-01-04.
- 1 2 Mcoy, Breaker (2009). German Army 101st Light Division, 101st Jager Division 1941 – 42.
