9th century BC

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	10th century BC 9th century BC 8th century BC
Decades:	890s BC 880s BC 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC 820s BC 810s BC 800s BC
Categories:	Births – Deaths Establishments – Disestablishments

The 9th century BC started the first day of 900 BC and ended the last day of 801 BC. It was a period of great change for several civilizations. In Africa, Carthage is founded by the Phoenicians. In Egypt, a severe flood covers the floor of Luxor temple, and years later, a civil war starts.

It is the beginning of the Iron Age in Central Europe, with the spread of the Proto-Celtic Hallstatt culture, and the Proto-Celtic language.

Events

King Jehu of the Kingdom of Israel bows before Shalmaneser III of Assyria.

890s BC

895 BC: Death of King Xiao of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
894 BC: King Yi of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
892 BC: Megacles, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 30 years and is succeeded by his son Diognetus.
891 BC: Tukulti-Ninurta II succeeds his father Adad-nirari II as king of Assyria.

880s BC

889 BC: Takelot I succeeds his father Osorkon I as king of Egypt.
884 BC: Ashurnasirpal II succeeds his father Tukulti-Ninurta II as king of Assyria.

870s BC

879 BC: Death of King Yi of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
878 BC: King Li of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
874 BC: Osorkon II succeeds Takelot I as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.
874 BC: Ahab becomes king of Kingdom of Israel (approximate date).
872 BC: Parshvanatha, 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism was born.^[1]
872 BC: An exceptionally high flood of the Nile covers the floors of the Temple of Luxor.

860s BC

865 BC: Kar Kalmaneser was conquered by the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III.
864 BC: Diognetus, Archon of Athens, dies after a reign of 28 years and is succeeded by his son Pherecles.
860 BC: The kingdom of Urartu is unified.

850s BC

858 BC: Aramu becomes king of Urartu.
858 BC: Shalmaneser III succeeds Ashurnasirpal II as king of Assyria.
854/3 BC: Battle of Karkar—An indecisive engagement between Assyrian king Shalmaneser III and a military alliance of the king of Damascus and lesser powers including the prince of Tyre. (Either 854 or 853 BC)
850 BC: Takelot II succeeds Osorkon II as King of Egypt.
850 BC: The Middle Mumun Pottery Period begins in the Korean peninsula.

840s BC

845 BC: Pherecles, Archon of Athens, dies after a reign of 19 years and is succeeded by his son Ariphron.
842 BC: Shalmaneser III devastates the territory of Damascus; Kingdom of Israel and the Phoenician cities send tribute.
841 BC: Death of King Li of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
841 BC: Records of the Grand Historian regards this year as the first year of consecutive annual dating of Chinese history.
840 BC: Gopala Dynasty started in Nepal, first dynasty to rule in a country named Nepal despite its present geographical boundaries.

830s BC

836 BC: Shalmaneser III of Assyria leads an expedition against the Tabareni.
836 BC: Civil war breaks out in Egypt.

820s BC

827 BC: King Xuan of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
825 BC: Takelot II, king of Egypt, dies. Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.
c. 825 BC: Ariphron, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 20 years and is succeeded by his son Thespieus.
823 BC: Death of Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria. He is succeeded by his son Shamshi-Adad V.
820 BC: Pygmalion ascends the throne of Tyre.

810s BC

817 BC: Pedubastis I declares himself king of Egypt, founding the Twenty-third Dynasty.
814 BC: Carthage is founded by Dido (traditional date).
811 BC: Adad-nirari III succeeds his father [Shamshi-Adad V]] as king of Assyria.

800s BC

804 BC: Adad-nirari III of Assyria conquers Damascus.
804 BC: Death of Pedubastis I, pharaoh.
c. 800 BC: Etruscan civilization.
Beginning of the Iron Age in Central Europe, spread of the Proto-Celtic Hallstatt culture, and the Proto-Celtic language.
Adena culture appears in present-day Northeastern United States.

Significant persons

Homer, 8th-century BC
Elijah, a 9th-century BC prophet found in the Old Testament (Tanakh) of the Bible.
872 BC: Parshvanatha, 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism was born.^[1]
Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria (858 BC–824 BC)

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

First inscriptions in Epigraphic South Arabian found in Akkele Guzay^[2]
9th century BC—Olmecs build pyramids.
Emergence of the Brahmana period of Vedic Sanskrit, probable composition of the Shatapatha Brahmana, and the first beginning of the Upanishadic and Vedantic traditions of Hinduism.

In works of fiction

In Highlander, the immortal Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez (Sean Connery) was born in Egypt in 896 BC.
In True Blood, the vampire known as Russell Edgington was born around 850 BC, and was turned about 800 BC.

Sovereign States

See: List of sovereign states in the 9th century BC.

Notes

1 2 Zimmer 1952, p. 182-183.
↑ Fattovich, Rodolfo, "Akkälä Guzay" in Uhlig, Siegbert, ed. Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz KG, 2003, p. 169.

References

Zimmer, Heinrich (1952), Joseph Campbell, ed., Philosophy of India, London, E.C. 4: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd, Not in copyright

Decades and years

9th century BC
11th century BC←10th century BC← ↔ →8th century BC→7th century BC

900s BC	909 BC	908 BC	907 BC	906 BC	905 BC	904 BC	903 BC	902 BC	901 BC	900 BC
890s BC	899 BC	898 BC	897 BC	896 BC	895 BC	894 BC	893 BC	892 BC	891 BC	890 BC
880s BC	889 BC	888 BC	887 BC	886 BC	885 BC	884 BC	883 BC	882 BC	881 BC	880 BC
870s BC	879 BC	878 BC	877 BC	876 BC	875 BC	874 BC	873 BC	872 BC	871 BC	870 BC
860s BC	869 BC	868 BC	867 BC	866 BC	865 BC	864 BC	863 BC	862 BC	861 BC	860 BC
850s BC	859 BC	858 BC	857 BC	856 BC	855 BC	854 BC	853 BC	852 BC	851 BC	850 BC
840s BC	849 BC	848 BC	847 BC	846 BC	845 BC	844 BC	843 BC	842 BC	841 BC	840 BC
830s BC	839 BC	838 BC	837 BC	836 BC	835 BC	834 BC	833 BC	832 BC	831 BC	830 BC
820s BC	829 BC	828 BC	827 BC	826 BC	825 BC	824 BC	823 BC	822 BC	821 BC	820 BC
810s BC	819 BC	818 BC	817 BC	816 BC	815 BC	814 BC	813 BC	812 BC	811 BC	810 BC
800s BC	809 BC	808 BC	807 BC	806 BC	805 BC	804 BC	803 BC	802 BC	801 BC	800 BC
790s BC	799 BC	798 BC	797 BC	796 BC	795 BC	794 BC	793 BC	792 BC	791 BC	790 BC

Centuries and millennia

Millennium	Century
BC (BCE)
4th	40th	39th	38th	37th	36th	35th	34th	33rd	32nd	31st
3rd	30th	29th	28th	27th	26th	25th	24th	23rd	22nd	21st
2nd	20th	19th	18th	17th	16th	15th	14th	13th	12th	11th
1st	10th	9th	8th	7th	6th	5th	4th	3rd	2nd	1st
AD (CE)
1st	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th	6th	7th	8th	9th	10th
2nd	11th	12th	13th	14th	15th	16th	17th	18th	19th	20th
3rd	21st	22nd	23rd	24th	25th	26th	27th	28th	29th	30th

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