Andrew Jackson Houston

Andrew Jackson Houston


United States Senator from Texas
In office April 21, 1941 – June 26, 1941
Preceded by	Morris Sheppard
Succeeded by	W. Lee O'Daniel
Personal details
Born	(1854-06-21)June 21, 1854 Independence, Texas
Died	June 26, 1941(1941-06-26) (aged 87) Baltimore, Maryland
Political party	Democratic
Profession	Lawyer Author Historian

Andrew Jackson Houston (June 21, 1854 – June 26, 1941) was an American politician. He was a son of the famous Texas hero and statesman Sam Houston, and was named for his father's mentor Andrew Jackson.

Biography

Andrew J. Houston was born in Independence, Texas on June 21, 1854.^[1] He was educated at several military academies and colleges, including Baylor University and West Point—a member of the Class of 1875, he dropped out before graduating.^[2]^[3] He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1876.^[4]

Houston had a varied career, including serving as clerk of the federal court in Dallas, a colonel in the Texas National Guard and United States Marshal for the eastern district of Texas.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Houston ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Texas in 1892 as a lily-white Republican candidate.^[8]

During the Spanish–American War Houston raised and organized a cavalry troop which was mustered into service as part of the Rough Riders. In 1910 and 1918 he was a Prohibition Party candidate for Governor.^[9]

In 1918 he retired to study and write history. From 1924 until his Senate appointment he held a sinecure as Superintendent of the state park at the San Jacinto battleground, where his father had won the battle which led to the independence of Texas from Mexico.^[10]

United States Senator

Coat of Arms of Andrew Jackson Houston

Houston's semi-retirement ended in 1941, when John Morris Sheppard died while representing Texas in the United States Senate.^[11]

Texas Governor W. Lee O'Daniel desired to serve in the Senate, but knew it would be politically unpopular to name himself as the interim appointee pending a special election for the remainder of Sheppard's term. Knowing that the 86-year-old Houston would not run in the special election, O'Daniel appointed him to temporarily fill the vacancy.^[12] At the time of his swearing in, 82 years after his father had served in the same seat, Houston was the oldest man to enter the Senate. (The oldest person was Rebecca Latimer Felton).^[13]

Houston joined the Senate as a Democrat, and filled the seat from April 21, 1941 until his death. The early June trip from Texas to Washington, D.C. to begin his duties had a negative effect on Houston's health, and he attended only one committee meeting as a Senator, afterwards spending most of his time hospitalized.^[14]

He died in a Baltimore, Maryland hospital on June 26, 1941, five days after his 87th birthday.^[15] Houston was briefly interred at Abbey Mausoleum in Arlington County, Virginia. He was later disinterred and reburied in the Texas State Cemetery.^[16]

In the special election held a few days after Houston's death, O'Daniel defeated Lyndon B. Johnson for the Democratic nomination (then tantamount to election) and won the seat.^[17]^[18]

Houston is one of 4 Senators (the others being William Johnson, Edmund Pettus and Strom Thurmond) to be the oldest living U.S. Senator while serving and he is the only Senator subsequent to the second U.S. Congress to become the oldest living Senator upon inauguration.

Houston family tree

John Houston m. Margaret McClung (c.1650–1735) Ireland
- John Houston (1690–1755) m. Margaret Mary Cunningham (1694–1754), both born in Ireland and died in Virginia
  - James Houston died in Ireland
  - Robert H. Houston (1720–1760), born in Ireland, died in Virginia m.Margaret Dunlap Davidson (b. 1720)
    - John Huston m. Anna Logan
    - Samuel Davidson Houston (1745–1807) m. Elizabeth Blair Paxton (1757–1831)
      - Paxton Houston
      - Robert Houston
      - James Houston m. Rebecca G. Herndon
      - John Houston
      - Sam Houston (1793–1863)
        m. Eliza Allen (m. 1829 div. 1837)
        
        m. Tiana "Diana" (Rogers) Gentry (m. 1830) (died 1838)
        
        m. Margaret Moffette Lea (1819–1867)^{[lower-roman 1]} m. (May 9, 1840 - his death)
        Sam Houston Jr., MD (1843–1894)^{[lower-roman 2]} m. Lucy Anderson (1845–1886)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Henry Howard Houston (b. 1871)^{[lower-roman 4]}
        
        Margaret Bell Houston (1876–1966)^{[lower-roman 4]}
        
        Nellie Houston (1879–1882)^{[lower-roman 4]}
        
        John Houston (b. 1880)^{[lower-roman 4]}
        
        Harry Howard Houston (1883–1935)^{[lower-roman 4]}
        
        Nancy "Nannie" Elizabeth (1846–1920)^{[lower-roman 2]} m. Joseph Clay Stiles Morrow (1839–1925)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Margaret Houston Morrow (1867–1948) m. Robert Alexander John (1864–1933)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        Jean Houston John (b.1891) m. Franklin T. Baldwin (b.1889)
        Jean Houston Baldwin (1916–2002) m. Governor Price Daniel (1910–1988)^{[lower-roman 6]}
        Price Daniel Jr. (1941–1981) Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives 1973–1975^{[lower-roman 7]}
        
        Emily Preston Morrow (1869–1892)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        
        Jennie Belle Morrow (1871–1977)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        
        Preston Morrow (1875–1909)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        
        Temple Houston Morrow (1878–1966)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        
        Elizabeth Paxton Morrow (1886–1906)^{[lower-roman 5]}
        
        Margaret Lea Houston (1848–1906)^{[lower-roman 2]} m. Captain Weston Lafayette Williams (1835–1899)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Houston Williams (1869–1931)^{[lower-roman 8]}
        
        Margaret Madge Williams (1872–1955)^{[lower-roman 8]}
        
        Franklin W. Williams (b. 1874)^{[lower-roman 8]}
        
        James Royston Williams (1877–1953) ^{[lower-roman 8]}
        
        Marian Lee Williams (b. 1880)^{[lower-roman 8]}
        
        Mary William Houston (1850–1931)^{[lower-roman 2]} m. John Simeon Morrow (1840–1886) ^{[lower-roman 3]}
        John Houston Morrow (1871–1916)^{[lower-roman 9]}
        
        Andrew Morrow (1875–1881)^{[lower-roman 9]}
        
        Jesse Morrow (b.1876)^{[lower-roman 9]}
        
        Jessie Lea Morrow (1885–1975)^{[lower-roman 9]}
        
        Maude Louise Morrow (1883–1957)^{[lower-roman 9]}
        
        Antoinette Power Houston (1852–1932)^{[lower-roman 2]} m. Dr. William S. Lorraine Bringhurst (1844–1913)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Sam Houston Bringhurst (b.1874)^{[lower-roman 10]}
        
        C.M. Bringhurst (1880–1900)^{[lower-roman 10]}
        
        William Stuart Bringhurst (b.1885)^{[lower-roman 10]}
        
        Nettie Houston Bringhurst (1887–1935)^{[lower-roman 10]}
        
        Anna Katherine Bringhurst (1890–1895))^{[lower-roman 10]}
        
        Andrew Jackson Houston (1854–1941)^{[lower-roman 2]} United States Senator
        m. Carrie Glenn Purnell (1858–1884)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Ariadne T. Houston (1979–1969)^{[lower-roman 11]}
        
        Margaret Houston (1882–1943)^{[lower-roman 11]}
        
        Carrie Marie Houston (1883–1893)^{[lower-roman 11]}
        
        m. Elizabeth Hart Good (1864–1907)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Josephine Anna Houston (1889–1914)^{[lower-roman 12]}
        
        William Rogers Houston (1858–1920)^{[lower-roman 2]}
        
        Temple Lea Houston (1860–1905)^{[lower-roman 2]}, Texas state senator 1885–1888 m. Laura Cross (1863–1938)^{[lower-roman 3]}
        Temple Lea Houston Jr. (1884–1920)^{[lower-roman 13]}
        
        Louise Houston (1885–1887)^{[lower-roman 13]}
        
        Samuel Houston III (1892–1952)^{[lower-roman 13]}
        
        Richard Caldon Houston (1895–1974)^{[lower-roman 13]}
        
        Mary Houston (1898–1977)^{[lower-roman 13]}
      - William Houston m. Mary Ball
      - Isabella Houston
      - Mary Houston
        m. Col. Matthew Wallace
        
        m. Gen. William Wallace
      - Eliza Houston m. Samuel Moore
    - Bettie Houston m. James McClung
    - Margaret Houston
    - Esther Houston
    - Mary Houston
  - Isabelia Houston
  - Esther Houston
  - John Houston
  - Samuel Houston
  - Mathew Houston

Notes

↑ Married Samuel Houston (SR staff 2013, 1st gen).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Child of Samuel and Margaret Houston (SR staff 2013, 1st gen).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Married (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 4 5 Child of Sam and Lucy (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 4 5 6 Child of Nancy and Joseph (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
↑ "Jean Houston Baldwin Daniel". Dress Collection. TWU. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
↑ Daniel, Murph. "Marion Price Daniel, Jr.". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
1 2 3 4 5 Child of Margaret and Weston (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 4 5 Child of Mary and John (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 4 5 Child of Antoinette and William (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 Child of Andrew and Carrie (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
↑ Child of Andrew and Elizabeth (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).
1 2 3 4 5 Child of Temple and Laura (SR staff 2013, 2nd gen).

SOURCE: Genealogy of the Houston and Lea families, and descendants of Sam and Margaret Houston is documented here:

Roberts, Madge Thornall (1993). Star of Destiny: The Private Life of Sam and Margaret Houston. Denton, TX: University of North Texas Press – via Questia (subscription required) . ISBN 0-929398-51-3.

Appendix B - DESCENDANTS OF SAM AND MARGARET HOUSTON (pp. 373-379)
Appendix C - GENEALOGY OF THE LEA AND HOUSTON FAMILIES (pp. 380-382)

References

SR staff (26 November 2013), "Samuel Houston Family Tree", Star of the Republic Museum, Blinn College, retrieved 21 April 2015 Generations: First and Second.

References

↑ Texas Heritage Foundation, Texas Heritage, Volume 1, 1959, page 100
↑ West Texas Historical Association, West Texas Historical Association Year Book, Volumes 23–25, 1947, page 56
↑ Texas Heritage Commission, Under Texas Skies, Volume 2, 1946, page 97
↑ Ralph Henderson Shuffler, The Houstons at Independence, 1966, pages 75–76
↑ U.S. Government Printing Office, Official Register of the United States, Volume 1, 1879, page 439
↑ United States War Department, Annual Report, Volume 5, 1892, page 235
↑ U.S. Government Printing Office, United States Congressional Serial Set, Issue 4773, 1905, page 90
↑ New York Times, "A Hot Fight in Texas", September 7, 1892
↑ Christian Science Monitor, "Obituary, A. J. Houston", June 27, 1941
↑ Ralph Henderson Shuffler, The Houstons at Independence, 1966, page 76
↑ Associated Press, Deseret News, Sen. Sheppard, of Prohibition Fame, is Dead, April 9, 1941
↑ Associated Press, San Antonio Express, Andrew Jackson Houston Named Texas Senator, April 22, 1941
↑ Associated Press, Paris (Texas) News, Death Ends Career of Houston, June 27, 1941
↑ Andrew Jackson Houston at www.cemetery.state.tx.us
↑ United Press, Madison (Wisconsin) State Journal, Houston, Aged Texas Senator, Dies, June 27, 1941
↑ Ben R. Guttery, Representing Texas, 2007, page 83
↑ Paris (Texas) News, O'Daniel Takes Lead of 379 in Senate Contest, July 1, 1941
↑ Associated Press, Big Springs Daily Herald, O'Daniel Takes Seat in Senate, August 4, 1941

External links

United States Congress. "Andrew Jackson Houston (id: H000821)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
Andrew Jackson Houston at Find a Grave
Andrew Jackson Houston from the Handbook of Texas Online
Texas State Cemetery Honored Texans Biography
Military Maps of the Texas Revolution by Andrew Jackson Houston, hosted by the Portal to Texas History
Andrew Jackson Houston, Late a Senator from Texas, 1944, U.S. Government Printing Office

United States Senate
Preceded by John Morris Sheppard	U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Texas April 21, 1941 – June 26, 1941	Succeeded by W. Lee O'Daniel
Honorary titles
Preceded by Fountain Thompson	Oldest living U.S. Senator April 21, 1941 – June 26, 1941	Succeeded by Fountain Thompson

United States Senators from Texas

Class 1	Rusk Henderson Ward Wigfall Flanagan Maxey Reagan Chilton Mills Culberson Mayfield Connally Daniel Blakley Yarborough Bentsen Krueger Hutchison Cruz

Class 2	S. Houston Hemphill Hamilton Coke Chilton Bailey Johnston Sheppard A. Houston O'Daniel Johnson Blakley Tower Gramm Cornyn

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website http://bioguide.congress.gov.

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 48468311 LCCN: n95006040 US Congress: H000821

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