Anoa (armoured personnel carrier)

Pindad APS-3 "Anoa" 6x6

3D render of current production model of the Anoa.
Type Armoured personnel carrier
Place of origin Indonesia
Service history
In service 2009–Present (Indonesian service)
Used by See Operators
Wars UNIFIL
Production history
Designer Pindad
Designed 2006
Manufacturer Pindad
Produced 2008–Present
Number built 226 as 2014[1]
Variants See Variants
Specifications
Weight 11 tonnes, 14 tons (combat)
Length 6 m
Width 2.5 m
Height 2.5 m / 2.9 m (FSV variant)
Crew 3 + 10 passengers
Armor Monocoque Armoured, STANAG 4569 level 3
Main
armament
 12.7 mm MG, CIS 40 AGL
Secondary
armament
 2x3 66 mm smoke grenade launcher
Engine Renault MIDR 062045 inline 6 cylinder turbo-charged diesel, Behr cooling pack
320Hp, 2500 Rpm
Power/weight 22,85 HP/ton
Transmission Automatic, ZF S6HP502, 6 forward, 1 reverse
Suspension Independent suspension, torsion bar
Ground clearance 40 cm
Fuel capacity 200 litres
Operational
range
 600 km
Speed 90 km/h

The Anoa is a 6x6 armoured personnel carrier developed by PT Pindad of Indonesia. The vehicle is named after the Anoa, which is a type of buffalo indigenous to Indonesia. The prototype was first unveiled at the 61st anniversary of TNI on October 5, 2006 in TNI HQ at Cilangkap, east of capital Jakarta.[2][3] The Anoa resembles the French VAB,[4] which is also in service with Indonesia.[5]

History

The Anoa had been officially unveiled to the public under the designation APS-3 (Indonesian: Angkut Personel Sedang, English: Medium Personnel Carrier) at the Indo Defence & Aerospace 2008 exhibition on November 19, 2008[6] to November 22, 2008[7] after being shown in a TNI parade on October 5, 2008.[8] On August 30, 2008, 10 APS-3s have been produced[9] with the plan of having 150 vehicles to be produced for the Indonesian Army[10][11] in time for their first deployment in 2009.[12]

20 of the Pansers were handed over to the Indonesian government through the Defense Ministry, part of a deal from the initial 150 vehicles to 40 due to the economic crisis.[13] 40 Pansers were delivered as part of PT Pindad's commitment to the total delivery of 154 Pansers.[14] 33 Pansers were eventually submitted to the Ministry of Defence on January 13, 2010.[15] Pindad had received loans from state-owned Bank Mandiri, Bank BNI 46 and Bank BRI as part of payments for the manufacture of the Pansers.[13]

The Anoas were officially placed into Indonesian military service on July 2009.[16] They were publicly seen in service with the Mechanical TNI Battalion Task Force Garuda Contingent in Lebanon.[3][17]

The Anoa made its first appearance overseas when it was publicly display in BRIDEX 2011 in Brunei.[16] It was also displayed at DSA 2012 in Malaysia where a planned Malaysian-only marketed Anoa called the Rimau was unveiled to the public.[18]

Development

The development history of the Pindad Panser was started in 2003 as a result of increased military intervention in the Aceh province. During the conflict, the Indonesian Army put forward urgent requirements for an armored personnel carrier for the transport of troops.[19]

Pindad responded to this requirement in 2004, with the APR-1V (Angkut Personel Ringan)[20] a 4x4 armored vehicle based on a commercial Isuzu truck chassis. 14 vehicles were built by Pindad and were sent to Aceh for evaluation and combat trials. However, the follow-on orders for another 26 vehicles were canceled following the 2004 tsunami.[21]

Pindad continued the APC development program with assistance from the Agency For Assessment and Application of Technology or BPPT in 2005.[22] The next prototype was the APS-1 (Angkut Personel Sedang), a 6x6 design that was again based on a commercial Perkasa truck platform by PT Texmaco.[23] Although it was not selected for production, the experience gained in developing the APS-1 convinced the Indonesian Army to give the go-ahead by Pindad to develop the next generation of Panser vehicles, the APS-2 at a production cost of US$600,000 each.[9]

Design

The APS-3 differed from its predecessors which had been based on commercial truck platforms. Instead, the "Anoa" used a monocoque hull design consisting of armor steel. The steel was made by PT. Krakatau Steel to NATO standards to STANAG Level III standard in withstanding 5.56 and 7.62 mm bullets.[17] A new torsion bar suspension system was also developed for the Panser. Currently, the engine and transmission are imported from Renault with a Renault MIDR 062045 six-cylinder turbo-charged diesel engine being used.[24] Indigenous options are being developed as replacements. Gears consist of six forward and one reverse.[24]

The driver sits on the right of the vehicle while the vehicle commander sits on the left.[19] Communications equipment include VHF / FM (anti-jamming and hopping) and GPS with night vision equipment included.[19][25] Emergency exits are present on both sides of the Anoa, as well as a mounted video camera at the rear of the vehicle.[26]

Anoa-2

The Anoa-2 was officially revealed to the public in Indodefence 2010. It is equipped with optional waterjet propellers for the ability to swim in shallow water, probably from LST/LCAC.[21] It is also equipped with an optional RWS machine gun of unknown caliber, possibly 7.62 mm.

Visual external differences from the first generation of the Anoa include a change to rounded roof cupolas and the relocation of the smoke grenade launchers from the sides of the vehicle to directly above the driver and passenger positions.[21][25] The RWS is controlled remotely from inside the Anoa via joystick.[25] Bulletproof shutters can be opened and closed from inside the vehicle when needed as an option, which is an advantage over previously made Anoas that required one to open and close them from the outside.[25]

Badak FSV

A fire-support version using a CMI Defence's CSE-90 turret with the Cockerill 90 mm Mk III was first unveiled at Indo Defence & Aerospace 2008,[27] which was announced that the APS-3 fire-support version would be deployed into the Indonesian Army by 2010.[28] The final, definitive version of the fire support variant was unveiled at Indo Defence & Aerospace 2014 as the Badak. The Badak featured a new all-welded monocoque steel hull with STANAG 4569 Level 3 protection, a new 340 hp power pack located front left and the driver seated towards the front on the right side, leaving the remainder of the hull clear for the installation of the turret. The suspension also utilizes double wishbone independent suspension (as opposed to torsion bar on the Anoa) for better stability while firing the 90mm canon. The CMI Defence CSE 90LP two-person turret has a baseline protection of up to STANAG 4569 Level 1 (upgradable to Level 4) and is armed with a 90mm low-pressure rifled gun. In addition, there is a 7.62mm co-axial machine gun, with another 7.62mm machine gun mounted on the left side of the turret roof for use in the self-defence and air defence roles, plus banks of 76mm grenade launchers.[29][30]

Armament

The baseline vehicle is fitted with a cupola on the left of the vehicle and armed with a 12.7mm (.50 cal) heavy machine gun or a 40 mm automatic grenade launcher.[17][21] In Indo Defence & Aerospace 2010, the Anoa 2 was shown to the public with a RWS installed.[3][25]

Variants

Pindad Panser with a Cockerill 90 mm Mk III turret on display at Indo Defence & Aerospace 2008.

The following variants are produced by Pindad:[18][31][32][33]

Operators

Map of Anoa operators in blue

Current operators

Potential operators

See also

References

  1. 1 2 http://nasional.sindonews.com/read/844395/14/tni-tambah-24-panser-anoa-1394798598
  2. ↑ "Panser 6x6 Pindad" (in Indonesian). Angkasa. 2006-10-06. Archived from the original on 2007-07-09. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
  3. 1 2 3 "Panser Anoa dipakai Pasukan Perdamaian PBB" (in Indonesian). Berita Baik Indonesia. 2013-12-13. Archived from the original on 2015-01-29. Retrieved 2015-01-29.
  4. ↑ "Anoa Armored personnel carrier". Military Today. Retrieved 2012-02-09.
  5. ↑ "VAB Renault Armoured vehicle personnel carrier". Army Recognition. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  6. ↑ "Wapres Jusuf Kalla Buka Indo Defence 2008" (in Indonesian). Ministry of State-owned Enterprises. 2008-11-20. Archived from the original on 2015-01-29. Retrieved 2015-01-29.
  7. ↑ "Panser Anoa Tipe Apc Unjuk Kebolehan Di Pameran Indo Defence 2008" (in Indonesian). PT Pindad. 2008-11-21. Archived from the original on 2012-01-30. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
  8. ↑ "JK: Panser TNI Bukan untuk Parade" (in Indonesian). Okezone. 2008-08-29. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
  9. 1 2 Iqbal Fadil (2012-04-17). "Spesifikasi Panser Pindad yang diminati Malaysia" (in Indonesian). Merdeka. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  10. ↑ "Pindad Optimistis Selesaikan 20 Panser Pesanan TNI" (in Indonesian). 2008-09-06. Archived from the original on 2015-01-29. Retrieved 2015-01-29.
  11. ↑ "105 Kendaraan Tempur TNI AL Tak Layak" (in Indonesian). Okezone. 2008-02-08. Retrieved 2008-12-11.
  12. ↑ "TNI Pesan 150 Unit Panser Di PT.Pindad" (in Indonesian). PAB Online. 2008-08-31. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
  13. 1 2 "Indonesia's Pindad Makes Panser APC Delivery". 2009-03-03. Archived from the original on 2010-01-26. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
  14. ↑ "PINDAD DELIVERS 40 UNITS OF 6x6 ARMOURED PERSONNEL CARRIER TO DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE". PT Pindad. August 2009. Archived from the original on 23 March 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-10.
  15. ↑ "PINDAD SUBMIT 33 PANZERS APC-2 6X6 TO THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE". PT Pindad. Archived from the original on 7 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-10.
  16. 1 2 "The Pindad Anoa 2 Indonesian home made wheeled armoured vehicle at BRIDEX 2011". Army Recognition. 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  17. 1 2 3 "Panser APC Anoa 6x6" (in Indonesian). Kodam V/Brawijaya. 2011-01-03. Archived from the original on 2012-05-06. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  18. 1 2 Ian Kemp (2012-04-17). "DSA12: PT Pindad displays new Malaysian APC". Shepard Media. Archived from the original on 2012-11-01. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  19. 1 2 3 "PT Pindad Panzer APS Armoured Personnel Carrier, Indonesia". Army Technology. Archived from the original on 2012-05-31. Retrieved 2013-01-18.
  20. ↑ "KSAD Pamer Panser Buatan Pindad" (in Indonesian). JPNN Nasional. 2008-10-10. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  21. 1 2 3 4 "Pindad APS-3 Anoa". Military Factory. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
  22. ↑ "Panser Amfibi Beroda Ban dari BPPT" (in Indonesian). Sinar Harapan. 2008-10-29. Archived from the original on 2007-10-16. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
  23. ↑ "BPPT-Pindad Berencana Kembangkan Tank Untuk Kebutuhan Tni" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
  24. 1 2 "Pindad delivers more Panzer APCs". Space War. 2009-02-04. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 "Panser "Anoa" Buatan Pindad Makin Gahar" (in Indonesian). Kompas. 2010-11-12. Archived from the original on 2010-11-16. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
  26. ↑ "13 locally made armored carriers arrive in Lebanon". The Jakarta Post. 2010-04-10. Archived from the original on 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
  27. ↑ "Panser Terbaru Pindad Bersenjata Kanon" (in Indonesian). PT Pindad. 2008-11-19. Archived from the original on 2012-01-30. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  28. ↑ "Pindad Rancang Panser Canon" (in Indonesian). Tempo Interactive. 2008-08-29. Archived from the original on 2009-03-17. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
  29. ↑ "Badak armed vehicle makes debut at show - Indo14-Day3". Jane's Information Group. 2014-11-06. Archived from the original on 2015-01-01. Retrieved 2015-01-01.
  30. ↑ "BPT Pindad and CMI unveil the BADAK (Rhinoceros) with Cockerill CSE 90P turret at IndoDefence 2014". Army Recognition. 2014-11-06. Retrieved 2015-01-01.
  31. ↑ "Pindad Serahkan Panser di Hari Jadi TNI" (in Indonesian). PT Pindad. 2008-09-11. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  32. ↑ "CMI Defence at IndoDefence 2012". Army Recognition. 2012-11-09. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  33. ↑ "The new wheeled armoured vehicle of Indonesian Army, the Pindad". Army Recognition. 2010-11-10. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  34. ↑ "Armed forces of Brunei to purchase Indonesian made wheeled armoured vehicle APC Pindad 0309111 – Army Recognition". Armyrecognition.com. 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2012-06-10.
  35. ↑ Quratul-Ain Bandial (2011-09-04). "Brunei to purchase from Indonesia". The Brunei Times. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
  36. ↑ "Indonesia offers defense equipment to Pakistan". Antara. September 20, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
  37. ↑ Oleh Asnil Bambani Amri (2009-10-30). "Pindad Kebanjiran Pesanan Panser". Kontan. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  38. ↑ "Timor Leste Pesan Panser Anoa ke Pindad" (in Indonesian). ASEAN News. 2012-09-07. Archived from the original on 2013-01-17. Retrieved 2013-01-17.
  39. ↑ http://www.webcitation.org/6Du9yHkyJ?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timorhauniandoben.com%2F2012%2F09%2Fblog-post_15.html
  40. ↑ "Bangladesh Delegation Interested in Ss2 and Panzer Products of Pt. Pindad". Pindad. 2007-08-29. Archived from the original on 2008-12-16. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
  41. ↑ Ismoko Widjaya and Riefki Farandika Pratama. "Era Baru Kemiliteran Irak dari Indonesia" (in Indonesian). VIVA News. Archived from the original on 2013-01-18. Retrieved 2013-01-18.
  42. ↑ "Indonesia may sell weapons, supplies to Iraq, Uganda". The Jakarta Post. 2012-08-25. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
  43. ↑ "Zahid: Don't confuse folk with armoured car issue". Retrieved 2012-04-23.
  44. ↑ "Malaysia Pastikan Beli 32 Panser Anoa Buatan Pindad". August 16, 2011. Archived from the original on 2015-01-08.
  45. ↑ "Harga Anoa Rp 1 Juta Dolar AS per Unit" (in Indonesian). Tribun Jabar. 2012-09-06. Archived from the original on 2015-01-08. Retrieved 2013-06-12.
  46. 1 2 3 "Renault APCs set for Indonesian army". Archived from the original on 2011-01-17. Retrieved 2012-09-14.
  47. ↑ "Pindad Pertimbangkan Pesanan Panser Dari Nepal" (in Indonesian). Antara News. 2009-02-27. Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
  48. ↑ "Pindad Kebanjiran Pesanan Panser" (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 1 November 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-14.

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