Balwant Singh Rajoana

For other uses, see Rajoana (disambiguation).
Balwant Singh Rajoana
ਬਲਵੰਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਰਾਜੋਆਣਾ
Born 23 August 1967
Rajoana Kalan, Punjab
Residence Patiala Central Jail
Nationality Sikh
Citizenship Indian
Occupation Former Police constable
Known for Participation in the conspiracy to kill Beant Singh
Title Living Martyr (Punjabi: ਜ਼ਿੰਦਾ ਸ਼ਹੀਦ) by Akal Takht
Movement Khalistan movement
Religion Sikh

Balwant Singh Rajoana is the prime accused and convicted for the assassination of Beant Singh (former Chief Minister of Punjab) on 31 August 1995.[1][2] Rajoana was sentenced to death on 1 August 2007 by a special CBI court in Chandigarh.[3][4] Beant Singh was killed by Balwant Singh's associate Dilawar Singh Babbar and Balwant Singh was the backup human bomb to be used had Dilawar failed in his mission.[5]

Early years

Balwant Singh was born in Rajoana Kalan village near Raikot in Ludhiana district of Punjab in a Jatt Sikh family on 23 August 1967.He joined the Punjab Police. According to his elder brother Kulwant Singh, Balwant was a pacifist and was opposed to any kind of violence. As a child, he was fond of reading ghazals, novels and poetry. The works of Surjit Paatar and Jaswant Singh Kanwal played an important role in shaping his ideology.[6]

Assassination of Beant Singh

In Punjab between 1992 and 1995, at a time when the Khalistan separatist movement was active in the state and the Indian government was aggressively seeking to control the movement. It is alleged that, during Beant Singh's tenure, upwards of twenty-five thousand of Sikh civilians disappeared or were killed and their bodies cremated by the police in extrajudicial executions.[7] Rajoana, who was a police constable at that time, conspired with Dilawar Singh Jaisinghvala, a police officer, to kill Beant Singh. Based on a coin toss, Dilawar Singh Jaisinghvala was chosen to be the suicide bomber with Rajoana as a backup. The attack on 31 August 1995 resulted in the death of Beant Singh and 17 others,[8] and, on 25 December 1997, Rajoana confessed his involvement.[9]

Conviction and death sentence

Balwant Singh had “openly confessed” an involvement and strongly expressed no faith in Indian judiciary. He refused to defend himself and refused to take a lawyer. He accused Indian courts of applying dual standards of law and the Indian judicial system of shielding the culprits of 1984 anti-Sikh riots.[10] ”Asking for mercy from them (Indian courts) is not even in my distant dreams” Rajoana said in an open letter to Media.

Explaining his actions, Balwant Singh referred to the 1984 anti-Sikh riots and talked about how the perpetrators had not been punished even after 25 years. In a letter to the Chief Justice of the High Court, he complained about discrimination at the hands of the country's judicial system and the rulers.[11] Rajoana defended his actions citing the 1984 Operation Blue Star offensive at the Golden Temple and the killing of Sikhs during the 1984 anti-Sikh riots.[10]

Rajoana was sentenced to death by a special CBI court and his execution was scheduled for 31 March 2012.[12] In his will, Balwant Singh said that his wish was to donate his eyes to Lakhwinder Singh (Ragi at Golden Temple Amritsar) and his kidneys, heart or any other body part to needy patients. On March 28, 2012 India's Home Ministry stayed the execution following clemency appeals filed by the SGPC, a Sikh organization.[8]

On stay of his execution, Balwant singh said, I have dedicated my life to the Panth(referred to Khalsa and meaning the Sikh Nation) and have no regrets. So the stay doesn't make any difference to me".[13] He also added, "This is a victory of real Khalsa Panth after every member of the Sikh Nation rose to the occasion and successfully conveyed the strength of the Khalsa religion. I am ready to be hanged at any time and will live as long as God has decided for me. My happiness over the stay shouldn't be considered as my weakness. I am happy because Sikh nation has shocked the walls of the Delhi government, not because my hanging has been postponed."[14]

Awards

On 23 March 2012, he was awarded the title of "Living Martyr" by Akal Takhat, the highest temporal seat of the Khalsa. Rajoana initially refused to accept the title, but later on 27 March, he accepted the title, saying that it will make him "more determined" towards his goals.[12][15] Dilawar Singh Babbar was also awarded the title of "National Martyr" in the same order from Akal Takhat.

References

  1. ↑ "Here, Balwant Singh Rajoana is still a hero". Rediff. 11 April 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
  2. ↑ "Rajoana rushed to Rajindra Hospital following complaints of back pain".
  3. ↑ "Beant Singh killing: Balwant Singh Rajoana's hanging stayed". IBNLive. 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  4. ↑ "Why Balwant Singh Rajoana shouldn't be hanged".
  5. ↑ "Punjab on edge over hanging of Beant Singh's killer Balwant Singh Rajoana". India Today. 28 March 2012. Archived from the original on March 29, 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  6. ↑ Amrita Chaudhry (2012-03-29). "Beant killer, a fan of Punjabi literature". Indian Express. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  7. ↑ Romesh, Silva; Marwaha, Jasmine; Klingner, Jeff (2009), Violent Deaths and Enforced Disappearances During the Counterinsurgency in Punjab, India: A Preliminary Quantitative Analysis (PDF), retrieved 2012-08-14
  8. 1 2 "India puts Sikh radical Rajoana's execution on hold". BBC News. 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  9. ↑ Saurabh Malik (2012-03-19). "Promises to keep". Chandigarh: The Tribune. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  10. 1 2 "Why Balwant Singh Rajoana shouldn't be hanged". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2012-03-29.
  11. ↑ Why Balwant Singh Rajoana never appealed against his death sentence
  12. 1 2 "Will Balwant Singh Rajoana be hanged on Saturday? 10 big developments". NDTV. 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
  13. ↑ "Stay makes Rajoana neither unhappy, nor sad". The Times Of India. 2012-03-30.
  14. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120401192328/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Punjab/Patiala/It-s-victory-of-panth-Rajoana/SP-Article1-832902.aspx. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved March 30, 2012. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  15. ↑ Aman Sood (2012-03-28). "Finally, Rajoana agrees for 'Zinda Shaheed' title". The Tribune. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
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