Chau Say Tevoda

Chau Say Tevoda

Chau Say Tevoda temple
Chau Say Tevoda
Location in Cambodia
Geography
Coordinates 13°26′01″N 103°52′37″E / 13.4336°N 103.877°E / 13.4336; 103.877Coordinates: 13°26′01″N 103°52′37″E / 13.4336°N 103.877°E / 13.4336; 103.877
Country Cambodia
Locale Shiva, Vishnu, Devata and Buddha
Culture
Primary deity Buddha
Architecture
Architectural styles Khmer
History and governance
Date built 12th century
Creator Suryavarman II and Jayavarman VII

Chau Say Tevoda (Khmer: ប្រាសាទចៅសាយទេវតា) is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia. It is located just east of Angkor Thom, directly south of Thommanon across the Victory Way (it pre-dates the former and post-dates the latter). Built in the mid-12th century, it is a Hindu temple in the Angkor Wat period. The temple is dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu, and with unique types of female sculptures of devatas enshrined in it. The Buddha images in the temple have been interpreted to have been built during the reign of Dharanindravarman, father of Jayavarman VII, who ruled from Preah Khan of Kompong. The temple was in a dilapidated state with 4,000 of its elements lying scattered on the embankment and in the Siem Reap River. Many of these elements were used in the restoration work carried out by a Chinese team between 2000 and 2009 under a restoration project sponsored by the People's Republic of China. The temple was reopened in late 2009.

Location

Chau Say Tevoda is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia located just to the northeast of the ancient capital Angkor Thom's east gate, directly south of Thommanon across the Victory Way (it pre – dates the former and post – dates the latter).[1]:119[2][3] It is on a road which has the Thomannon temple on its opposite side, 500 metres (1,600 ft) from the east gate, and a further away by 200 metres (660 ft) to a bridge built with carved stones from temple ruins in the vicinity; the bridge is without any river flowing beneath it in view of the shifting nature of the course of the Siem Reap River.[4]

Wide view

History

The temple was reconstructed on the basis of several elements (about 4,000) of the temple which were randomly lying around at the site. This restoration was done by a Chinese team between 2000 and 2009 under a restoration project sponsored by the People's Republic of China. Originally this temple was partly built in the mid-12th century under the reign of King Suryavarman II. Further supplementation of structures was done under the reign of Jayavarman VII.[5] Though the temple was built under Hindu kings during the 11th and 12th centuries with predominantly Hindu deities such as Shiva and Vishnu, representation of Buddha images was interpreted to have been built during the reign of Dharanindravarman, father of Jayavarman VII, who ruled from Preah Khan of Kompong.[5]

Features

Gopura.

The Tevoda is built to a cruciform plan and linked to an entrance hall, similar to the Hindu temples built in India, particularly in Odisha.[6] The temple has four gopuras or towers on the four cardinal signs with an entrance from the east though a raised bridge. The long hall, which links the gopuras and central chamber of the temple, has very elegant flower decorations.[4] The temple consists of a central tower with an attached mandapa, which is achieved through an antarala chamber of small size, and with two libraries on its southern and northern sides. It is enclosed by a compound wall which has four gopuras or towers. To its east, there is a raised causeway that leads to the Siem Reap River. Many of the sculptures depict Vishnu, and are in a fairly good condition. However, the main deity of the temple is Shiva.[7] Some of the sculptures in the temple are also of Buddha but disfigured totally. With time the ceiling has collapsed and led to further deterioration. The defaced Buddhas, which are deified in a lotus posture, flanked by devotees, are in a mandapa behind a pediment from the entrance door which leads to the antarala. The incomplete eastern Gopura I, which is oriented in the western direction, has a roof which is part of the second "pediment of the lateral southern extension" which is not fully restored. The main figure here is of Buddha in a cross legged posture seated on a high platform and is flanked by disfigured carvings which are interpreted as that of Garuda and the king of Nagas. The top pediment of this Gopura I with figure of Buddha has an umbrella cover of a Bodhi tree.[8] Carvings depicting episodes from the life of Buddha are seen on the northern door of the eastern Gopura I.[9] A notable bass relief here is of Sita (heroine of the epic Ramayana) in a seated posture over an altar flanked by rakshasis (female demonesses). Hanuman, in a small monkey form, is carved in sitting posture facing Sita and offering her Rama's ring.[10] A wall built with laterite stones enclosing the temple, which had existed in the past, has disappeared.[11]

The temple was in a dilapidated state with 4,000 of its elements lying scattered on the embankment and in the Siem Reap River. Between 2000 and 2009 some of these elements were put together under a restoration project initiated by the People's Republic of China. The temple reopened in late 2009 and is fully accessible.[3]


Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 9781842125847
  2. ↑ "Chau Say Tevoda". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Chau Say Tevoda Khmer Devata Temple Reopens". devata.org. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  4. 1 2 Palmer 2002, p. 187.
  5. 1 2 Degroot & Klokke 2013, p. 67.
  6. ↑ Chihara 1996, p. 158.
  7. ↑ Arrowood 2011, p. 133.
  8. ↑ Degroot & Klokke 2013, p. 68.
  9. ↑ Degroot & Klokke 2013, p. 69.
  10. ↑ Udaya. Department of Culture and Monuments, Authority for the Protection and Management of the Region of Angkor / Siem Reap. 2005. p. 126.
  11. ↑ Palmer 2002, p. 186.

Bibliography

External links

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/1/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.