Chichester Bell
Chichester Alexander Bell (1848–1924) was a chemist, cousin to Alexander Graham Bell, and instrumental in developing improved versions of the phonograph.[1]
Life
Bell was born in Dublin, Ireland in 1848 to Professor David Charles Bell (1817–1903) and Ellen Adine Highland.[2][3] David Charles was an elder brother to Professor Alexander Melville Bell, the renowned British authority on elocution and speech.[4]
Bell received his Baccalaurei in Medicinâ degree in Medicine and Surgery from Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland, on 30 June 1869.[5] Prior to moving to Washington, D.C. to join his cousin Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory, Chichester was Assistant Professor of Chemistry, University College London.[6] In 1881 Chichester Bell began working with Alexander and their associate Charles Tainter on addressing the drawbacks to Thomas Edison's phonograph.[1]
The three men created the Volta Laboratory Association to be the holder of their patents.[1] Their successful development of the Graphophone led to the formation of the Volta Graphophone Company of Alexandria, Virginia in February 1886 by the principals, along with Chichester's brother, lawyer and banker, Charles B. Bell (born 1858).[3] While living in Washington, D.C., Chichester Bell was one of the founding members of the Chemical Society Washington Chapter.[7]
He then returned to University College, London to continue his scientific research. In 1887, he published "Sympathetic Vibration of Jets" in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.[8] Chichester Bell also helped establish the Edison Bell company. The Edison Bell company was established on 30 November 1892 in London to sell phonographs produced by the Edison United Phonograph Company.[9]
Bell was awarded the John Scott Medal of The Franklin Institute in 1900.[1] He married Antoinette Ives in 1889, in Montreal, Canada and died at Radcliffe Infirmary, St Giles, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England, on 11 March 1924.[2][3]
Patents
- U.S. Patent 341,212 Reproducing Sounds from Phonograph Records (without using a stylus), filed November 1885, issued May 1886 (with Alexander Bell and Charles Tainter)
- U.S. Patent 341,213 Transmitting And Recording Sounds By Radiant Energy, filed November 1885, issued May 1886 (with Alexander Bell and Charles Tainter)
- U.S. Patent 341,214 Recording and Reproducing Speech and Other Sounds (improvements include compliant cutting head, wax surface, and constant linear velocity disk), filed June 1885, issued May 1886 (with Charles Tainter)
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 American History Museum. Charles Sumner Tainter Papers Archived 30 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine., Smithsonian American History Museum website, Washington, D.C. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
- 1 2 Chichester Alexander Bell, Recording Pioneers website. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- 1 2 3 "David Charles Bell Family Tree". Bell Family Papers. US Library of Congress. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
- ↑ Alexander Bell Family Tree, Bell Family Papers, US Library of Congress. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- ↑ Churchill, John. Medical News, The Medical Times and Gazette: A Journal of Medical Science, Literature, Criticism and News, Oxford University, 3 July 1869, p. 23.
- ↑ Letter from Alexander Graham Bell to William H. Forbes, 2 February 1881, Alexander Graham Bell Family Papers, US Library of Congress. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- ↑ Chemical Society of Washington. "Washington: Printed for the Society, 1886, List of Members", Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Washington, No. 1, 12 January 1884, to 14 January 1886, page 7.
- ↑ Bell, Chichester A. Sympathetic Vibration of Jets, Pharmaceutical Journal & Transactions: A Weekly Record of Pharmacy and Allied Sciences, Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, J. Churchill, 1887, pp.93-97. Abstract of a paper read before the Royal Society on 13 May 1887.
- ↑ When Is A Bell Not A Bell?