Chocolate chip
|
Semi-sweet chocolate chips | |
| Type | Chocolate |
|---|---|
| Place of origin | United States |
| Main ingredients | Chocolate, sugar |
 Cookbook: Chocolate chip  Media: Chocolate chip | |
Chocolate chips are small chunks of sweetened chocolate, which are used as an ingredient in a number of desserts, notably chocolate chip cookies and muffins, in trail mix and less commonly in some breakfast foods such as pancakes. They are often sold in a round, flat-bottomed teardrop shape. They are available in numerous sizes, from large to miniature, but are usually less than 1 cm in diameter. Another variety of chocolate chips is rectangular or square chocolate chunks.
Origin
Chocolate chips are a required ingredient in chocolate chip cookies, which were invented in 1937 when Ruth Graves Wakefield of the Toll House Inn in the town of Whitman, Massachusetts added cut-up chunks of a semi-sweet Nestlé chocolate bar to a cookie recipe. The cookies were a huge success, and Wakefield reached an agreement in 1939 with Nestlé to add her recipe to the chocolate bar's packaging in exchange for a lifetime supply of chocolate. Initially, Nestlé included a small chopping tool with the chocolate bars. In 1941 Nestlé and one or more of its competitors started selling the chocolate in chip (or "morsel") form.[1] The Nestlé brand Toll House cookies is named for the inn.
Types
Originally, chocolate chips were made of semi-sweet chocolate, but today there are many flavors. These include bittersweet chocolate chips, peanut butter chips, butterscotch chips, mint chocolate chips, white chocolate chips, dark chocolate chips, milk chocolate chips, and white and dark swirled chocolate chips.
Uses
Chocolate chips can be used in cookies, pancakes, waffles, cakes, pudding, muffins, crêpes, pies, hot chocolate, and various types of pastry. They are also found in many other retail food products such as granola bars, ice cream, and trail mix.
Chocolate chips can also be melted and used in sauces and other recipes. The chips melt best at temperatures between 104 and 113 °F (40 and 45 °C). The melting process starts at around 90 °F when the cocoa butter in the chips starts to heat. The cooking temperature must never exceed 115 °F (for milk and white) or 120 °F (for dark) or the chocolate will burn. Although convenient, melted chocolate chips are not always recommended as a substitute for melted baking chocolate. Because most chocolate chips are designed to retain their shape when baking, they contain less cocoa butter than baking chocolate. This can make them more difficult to work with in melted form.
Availability
In the 2010s, chocolate chips are popular as a baking ingredient in the United States and the chocolate chip cookie is regarded as a quintessential American dessert. Chocolate chips are also widely available in Australia and Canada, and (less commonly) in Europe, and other parts of the world. Nestlé and The Hershey Company are among the top producers of chocolate chips.
References
- ↑ Chocolate Chip Cookies: Chip versus Morsel, The earliest references in published recipes and ads to the chip or morsel appear in the spring of 1941. Newspaper advertisements and published recipes from 1940 and earlier all refer to cutting up chocolate squares only.
External links
- History of Toll House from NestleCafe.com
