Diplonemidae

Diplonemidae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Excavata
Phylum:	Euglenozoa
Class:	Diplonemea
Order:	Diplonemida
Family:	Diplonemidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
Species
Genus Diplonema Griessmann 1913 non Don 1837 Rhynchopus Skuja 1948
Synonyms
Rhynchopodaceae

Diplonemidae^[1] is a small group of flagellate protists, with the majority being free living phagotrophs, though some are facultative parasites. They are especially common in marine habitats where they consume detritus, algae and other particles of moderate size. Two species also live in fresh water. They are oval with two short flagella inserted in a subapical pocket. They have a highly active metabolism, with feeding apparatus arranged longitudinally and connected with the flagellar apparatus. Diplonemid mitochondria contain few very large flattened cristae, whereas most other Euglenozoa have smaller and more numerous discoidal cristae.

Classification

The group is classified in the phylum Euglenozoa based on their structural characteristics, which has been confirmed by recent molecular studies.^[2] They have a distinctive flagellar apparatus, in which the flagella, inserted inside an apical or subapical pocket, are reinforced by paraxomales rods, adjacent to normal axoneme protein scaffold. Two genera are recognized, Diplonema and Rhynchopus.^[3]

• Class Diplonemea Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. Simpson 1997 [Diplosonematea]
  • Order Diplonemida Cavalier-Smith 1993
    • Family Diplonemidae Cavalier-Smith 1993
      • Genus Diplonema Griessmann 1913 non Don 1837 [Isonema Schuster, Goldstein & Hershenow 1968 non Brown]
        • Species D. breviciliata Griessman 1913
        • Species D. nigricans (Schuster, Goldstein & Hershenow 1968) Triemer & Ott 1990 [Isonema nigricans Schuster, Goldstein & Hershenow 1968]
        • Species D. papillatum (Porter 1973) Triemer & Ott 1990 [Isonema papillatum Porter 1973]
        • Species D. ambulator Larsen & Patterson 1990
        • Species D. metabolicum Larsen & Patterson1990
      • Genus Rhynchopus Skuja 1948
        • Species R. euleeides Roy et al. 2007
        • Species R. amitus Skuja 1948
        • Species R. coscinodiscivorus Schnepf 1994
        • Species R. littoralensis Kufferath 1950

References

1. Lukeš, Julius; Flegontova, Olga; Horák, Aleš. "Diplonemids". Current Biology. 25 (16): R702–R704. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.052.
2. J. Roya, D. Faktorováb, J. Lukes y G. Burger, "Unusual Mitochondrial Genome Structures throughout the Euglenozoa", Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, Volume 54, Number 2, March–April 2007 , pp. 137-145(9).
3. Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. , Fecha de acceso: 7 de Febrero del 2008.