Dorylaeum

For the modern city, see Eskisehir.

Dorylaeum or Dorylaion (Greek: Δορύλαιον) was an ancient city in Anatolia. It is now in ruins near the city of Eskişehir, Turkey.

Its original location was about 10 km southwest of Eskişehir, at a place now known as Karaca Hisar; about the end of the fourth century B.C. it was moved to a location north of modern Eskişehir.[1]

History

The city existed under the Phrygians but may have been much older.

It was a Roman trading post. It also was probably a key city of the route the Apostle Paul took on his Second Missionary Voyage in 50 AD. It became a bishopric when part of the Late Roman province of Phrygia Salutaris.

After the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 it was taken by the Seljuk Turks.

Dorylaeum was the site of two battles during the crusades. In 1097, during the First Crusade, the crusaders defeated the Seljuks there, in their first major victory.[2] During the Second Crusade it was the site of a major defeat, which effectively ended the German contribution to the crusade.

Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus fortified Dorylaeum in 1175, but according to some authorities the Turks recaptured it in 1176 after the Battle of Myriokephalon.[2] However, the contemporary Byzantine historian Niketas Choniates relates that Manuel did not destroy the fortifications of Dorylaeum, as he had agreed to do as part of the treaty he negotiated with the Seljuk Turkish sultan Kilij Arslan II immediately after Myriokephalon. The sultan's response to this development was not a direct attack on Dorylaeum but the dispatch of a large army to ravage the rich Meander valley to the south.[3]

Dorylaeum was described by the Muslim author al-Harawi (died 1215) as a place of medicinal hot springs on the frontier at the end of Christian territory.[4]

Ecclesiastical history

Dorylaeum became a bishopric under the Byzantine Empire and was a suffragan the Metropolitan of Synnada in Phrygia.

Seven bishops are known from the fourth to the ninth century, the most famous being Eusebius. The see is mentioned as late as the twelfth century among the suffragans of Synnada, but must have been suppressed soon after.

Titular see

Dorylaeum is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.[5] The diocese was nominally restored as a Latin Catholic titular bishopric in 1715 as Dorylæum (Dorylaeum), which is spelled Dorylaëum since 1925.

It is vacant since decades, having had had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia
  2. 1 2 "Dorylaeum". Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  3. ↑ Treadgold, p. 649.
  4. ↑ Lindner, p. 62
  5. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 883

Coordinates: 39°47′N 30°31′E / 39.783°N 30.517°E / 39.783; 30.517

References

Sources and External links

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