Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity

The Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity (also known as the History Commission or Max Jakobson Commission) is the commission established by President of Estonia Lennart Meri in October 1998 to investigate crimes against humanity committed in Estonia or against its citizens during the Soviet and German occupation, such as Soviet deportations from Estonia and the Holocaust in Estonia. It held its first session in Tallinn in January 1999. Finnish diplomat Max Jakobson was appointed chairman of the commission. For purposes of independence (no conflict of interest), there are no Estonian citizens among its members.

Research of the Commission has been relied on by the European Court of Human Rights, for example in its decision to not grant certiorari to review a complaint by August Kolk and Pyotr Kislyy, who had been convicted of crimes against humanity due to their roles in the Soviet deportations from Estonia.^[1]

The Commission was closed in 2007 and was succeeded by the Estonian Institute of Historical Memory.

Members

Max Jakobson, Chairman
Dr. Uffe Ellemann-Jensen (President of the European Liberal Party, former Foreign Minister of Denmark)
Dr. Paul A. Goble (Director of Communications of Public Relations of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty)
Nicholas Lane (Chairman of the International Relations Commission of the American Jewish Committee)
Prof. Peter Reddaway (Professor of Political Science and International Affairs of the George Washington University)
Arseny Roginsky (Chairman of the Council of the Scientific and Educational Centre Memorial of Moscow, Scientific Programme Manager)
Prof. Freiherr Wolfgang von Stetten (Professor, Mitglied des Deutschen Bundestages)

Sources

Official website
Mälksoo, Lauri (2001). Soviet Genocide? Communist Mass Deportations in the Baltic States and International Law. Leiden Journal of International Law 14, 757–787.

External links and further reading

Links to reports of the Commission in English, Estonian, and Russian

↑ Eesti Päevaleht 27 May 2008: Max Jakobsoni komisjon lõpetab uurimise by Anneli Ammas

Occupation of the Baltic states

Background Timeline Soviet occupation (1940) Nazi occupation (1941) Soviet re-occupation (1944)

Diplomatic treaties in 1939	German–Lithuanian Pact (March 23, 1939) German–Estonian Pact German–Latvian Pact (June 7, 1939) Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (August 23, 1939) Soviet–Estonian Treaty (September 28, 1939) Soviet–Latvian Treaty (October 5, 1939) Soviet–Lithuanian Treaty (October 10, 1939)

Massacres and repressions	Maslenki (1940) Rainiai massacre (1941) Kautla massacre (1941)

Deportations	June deportation (1941) March deportation (1949) by country from Estonia from Latvia from Lithuania

Resistance	Guerilla war Forest Brothers Latvian Lithuanian Estonian Legion Latvian Legion Operation Jungle

Research and investigation	Kersten Committee Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania

Art and media	Between Shades of Gray Nobody Wanted to Die Utterly Alone In the Crosswind 1944 The Fencer

The Holocaust in Estonia

Main article The Holocaust Related articles by country Belarus Latvia Lithuania Norway Poland Russia Ukraine

Crimes	Kalevi-Liiva

Prominent victims	Zelig Kalmanovich

Major perpetrators	Hans Aumeier Karl Jäger Ernst Kaltenbrunner Aleksander Laak Hinrich Lohse Ain-Ervin Mere Alfred Rosenberg Martin Sandberger Rudolf Joachim Seck Franz Walter Stahlecker

Nazi occupation and organizations	Einsatzgruppen Reichskommissariat Ostland

Notable collaborators	Karl Linnas Evald Mikson

Concentration camps	Klooga Jägala Vaivara

Documentation	Jäger Report Judenfrei

Concealment	Sonderaktion 1005

War crimes investigations and trials	Einsatzgruppen Trial Holocaust trials in Soviet Estonia Estonian International Commission

Righteous among the Nations	Uku Masing Eha Masing Polina Lentsman

Related articles	History of the Jews in Estonia Estonia in World War II Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany

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