French colonial wars

French colonial conquests La prise de Constantine by Horace Vernet Date 1827–1830–1857 [1][2] Location Regency of Algiers, present-day Algeria Result French victory Pacification of Algeria Belligerents Kingdom of France  Ottoman Empire Regency of Algiers Emirate of Abdelkader Sultanate of Morocco Kingdom of Ait Abbas Kel Ahaggar Commanders and leaders Count de Ghaisnes de Bourmont Bertrand Clausel Baron Berthezène Duke of Rovigo Baron Voirol Comte d'Erlon Comte de Damrémont † Sylvain Charles Valée Brock-Curtis Robert Carik Strength Invasion force : 34,000 troops 83 guns 100 warships, including 11 ships-of-the-line 572 hired merchantmen[3] Ultimately: 160,000 troops[4] Unknown Casualties and losses 150,000-200,000 military loss[5][6][7][8][9] More than 480,000 killed.(civilian and soldiers)[10] Unknown [11][12][13][14]

The French Colonial Wars were a series of conflicts involving France and it's conquered colonies and other surrounding nations

References

1. Imperial Identities: Stereotyping, Prejudice and Race in Colonial Algeria - Patricia M. E. Lorcin
2. "The conquest was completed when the French defeated the independent Berber confederacies in the Kabylia in 1857"
3. A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle ... , by Spencer C. Tucker, 2009 p. 1154
4. A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle ... , by Spencer C. Tucker, 2009 p. 1167
5. Taking Power: On the Origins of Third World Revolutions, John Foran p94
6. The Making of Contemporary Algeria, 1830-1987 - Mahfoud Bennoune, p42
7. Law, Territory, and the Legal Geography of French Rule in Algeria, p87
8. An Economic History of the Middle East and North Africa - Charles Issawi, p211
9. The Precarious Balance: State and Society in Africa- Donald S. Rothchild, Naomi H. Chazan - Westview Press, 1988 - 357 pages, p42
10. "Urbain states in 1862 that the previous 32 years had killed, at a conservative estimate, over 480,000 people, not just soldiers." The Military and Colonial Destruction of the Roman Landscape of North Africa ... - Michael Greenhalgh, p366
11. Kamel Kateb, Européens, "indigènes" et juifs en Algérie (1830-1962) : représentations et réalités des populations, INED, 2001, 386 p.
12. Diana K. DAVIS, Les mythes environnementaux de la colonisation française au Maghreb, Paris, Editions Champ Vallon, 2007
13. Bertrand Taithe, The 1866-1868 Famine in Algeria
14. Pour en finir avec la repentance coloniale, Daniel Lefeuvre