Ghulam Ahmed Pervez

Ghulam Ahmad Parwez
غلام احمد پرویز
Born Ghulam Ahmad Parwez
9 july 1903
Batala, Punjab, British India
Died 24 February 1985(1985-02-24) (aged 82)[1]
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Nationality Pakistani
Occupation Senior Civil Servant, Department of Interior Ministry, Government of India and later, Department of Home and Interior Affairs, Karachi, Pakistan
Known for Islam: A Challenge to Religion, Exposition of the Holy Quran

Ghulam Ahmad Parwez (Urdu: غلام احمد پرویز‎; 1903–1985) was a scholar from pre-Independence India and later Pakistan.[2] He was focused primarily on systematically interpreting Quranic themes and Iqbal’s writings in the light of Islamic Reform with an aim to reorganize society on an economic basis. Parwez has been called an "Islamic Socialist".[3][4] Many conservative Islamic scholars criticized Parwez throughout his active years, although Parwez was well regarded among the educated demographic. Nadeem F. Paracha has called Parwez's Islam: A Challenge to Religion one of the most influential books in the history of Pakistan.[5]

Early and personal life

Parwez was born in Batala, Punjab, in British India on 9 July 1903. He migrated to Pakistan in 1947. He studied Quran and other Islamic literature. In 1934, he received a master's degree from the Punjab University.[6][7] His views promoted understanding Islam in the context of modern science. Iqbal, introduced him to Muhammad Ali Jinnah, later, Jinnah appointed him to edit the magazine, Talu-e-Islam for the purpose to counter propaganda that was coming from some of the religious corners in support of Congress.[4] He died at the age of 83.[6]

Career

Parwez joined the Pakistan Muslim League government until 1956, but left for his scholarly work. Parwez argued that his conclusions derived from the Quran were in stark contrast to both the right (capitalistic) and left (marxist) political philosophies.[8] Before the creation of Pakistan, Parwez was recruited by Muhammad Ali Jinnah in order to help popularize the need for a separate homeland for the Muslims in South Asia.[9] Parwez's thesis was that the organizational model of the state is the basic engine which drives the implementation of the Quran, and like Muhammad in Medina, those who wish to practice Islam, as it is defined in the Quran, are required to live in a state which submits to the laws of God, and not the laws of man.[10][11]

Ideas and Contributions

Before the creation of Pakistan, Iqbal, introduced Parwez to Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who recruited Parwez to help popularize the need for a separate homeland for the Muslims in the South Asia.[9] Jinnah asked Parwez to counter propaganda that was coming from some of the religious corners in support of Congress.

Parwez argued that the Quran places such strong emphasis on individual freedom that it almost overrides all forms of authority.[12] Consistent with this, Parwez “adamantly opposed” slavery, claiming that it had no justifiable basis according to the Quran. He also argued that Islam challenged the 'truth', validity, as well as the very conception of ‘religion’.[13][14] Parwez distinguished between “deen” (a complete code of life) versus "madhab", which he equated with the prevailing definition of "religion".

Parwez translated those verses in the Quran which are generally associated with "miracles", "angles" and "jinns" rationally as metaphors, without appealing to the supernatural.[15][16] Parwez also argued in favor of "Islamic Socialism", seeking to reorganize all aspects of society to fit in accordance with Islamic values.[17] Parwez has been called a "quranist" by Nadeem F. Paracha[18] as Parwez rejected some hadith,[19] Paracha also claimed that Parwez approved praying Namaz in Urdu.[6] These claims were disputed by Parwez himself while he was alive as a rumor spread by his opponents.[20]

Publications

See also

References

  1. ↑ The Man Behind The Tolu-e-Islam Movement
  2. ↑ Sharma, Suresh K.; Sharma, Usha. Religious Heritage of India: Islam. p. 238.
  3. ↑ Jawed, Nasim A. Islam's Political Culture: Religion and Politics in pre-divided Pakistan. p. 107.
  4. 1 2 "The volatile fusion: Origins, rise & demise of the 'Islamic Left'". Dawn News. 23 July 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  5. ↑ "Shaping histories: The most influential books in Pakistan". DAWN News. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 "The rise and fall of a spiritual rebel". Daily Dawn.com. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  7. ↑ "Introduction - Biography of G.A.P, taken from "The Life in the Hereafter (Translation of Jahan e Farda by Ejaz Rasool)"" (PDF). Tolue-Islam-Trust.
  8. ↑ G. A. Parwez. The Quranic System of Sustenance. pp. 12, 30, 72, 127, 170.
  9. 1 2 "The volatile fusion: Origins, rise & demise of the 'Islamic Left'". DAWN News. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  10. ↑ G.A. Parwez. "Political System Part II: Quranic System". Islam: A Challenge to Religion. pp. 230–247.
  11. ↑ G. A. Parwez. The Quranic System of Sustenance. p. 57.
  12. ↑ Kurzman, Charles. Liberal Islam: A Source Book,. p. 24.
  13. ↑ Singh Sevea, Iqbal. The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India. p. 125.
  14. ↑ Jafrī, Maqsood (2003). The gleams of wisdom. Sigma Press.
  15. ↑ Guessoum, Nidhal. Islam's Quantum Question: Reconciling Muslim Tradition and Modern Science.
  16. ↑ Nazer, Abdul Elah. SENSE AND SENSIBILITY IN ISLAM: Linguistics, Context and Rationality.
  17. ↑ Daechsel, Markus. Islamabad and the Politics of International Development in Pakistan. p. 198.
  18. ↑ Paracha, Nadeem. "The volatile fusion: Origins, rise & demise of the 'Islamic Left'". Dawn.com. Dawn News. Retrieved 27 August 2015. Parvez was a prominent ‘Quranist’, or an Islamic scholar who insisted that for the Muslims to make progress in the modern world, Islamic thought and laws should be entirely based on modern interpretations of the Qu’ran.
  19. ↑ Guessoum, Nidhal. Islam's Quantum Question: Reconciling Muslim Tradition and Modern Science.
  20. ↑ http://www.parwez.tv/Khan_Adeeb/SURA-17/B1794-e.mp3
  21. ↑ "Mutalib-ul-Furqaan: Volume I". Tolue Islam Trust - www.islamicdawn.com. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
  22. ↑ "Lugat'ul Quran" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  23. ↑ "Mafhoom'ul Quran" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  24. ↑ "Tabweeb'ul Quran" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  25. ↑ "Nizam-e-Rabobi'at" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  26. ↑ "ISLAM: A Challenge To Religion". Tolue Islam Trust - islamicdawn.com. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
  27. ↑ "Insaan Nay Kya Socha". Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  28. ↑ "Tasawaaf ki Haqeeqat: Sufism and Islam" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  29. ↑ "Saleem Kay Naam Khatoot: Part 1" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  30. ↑ "Tahira Kay Naam Khatoot" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  31. ↑ "Qurani Faislay: Part 1" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  32. ↑ "Miraj-e-Insaniyaat: Life of Muhammad". Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  33. ↑ "Parwez on Moses, Torah, Suliman, Solomon, David, Daoud, Yunus, Jonah, Ayub, Psalms and other Prophets" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  34. ↑ "Parwez on Noah, Ad, Luqman, Salih, Ibraheem, Abraham, Ismael, Lut, Yusuf, Joseoph, and Shoaib" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  35. ↑ "Shola-e-Mastoor: Life of Zakriya, Yahya, Isa (Jesus), People of Kahf" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  36. ↑ "Mon-o-Yazdaun: Concept of God in Quran" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  37. ↑ "Shahkar-e-Risalat" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  38. ↑ "Iblis wa Adam: Parwez on Adam, Insaan, Malika, Iblis, Satan" (PDF). Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  39. ↑ "Parwez on Heaven, Hell, Life after death, Judgement Day, Punishment". Tolueislam.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23.
  40. ↑ http://islamicdawn.com/wp-content/uploads/flipbook/71/book.html
  41. ↑ http://islamicdawn.com/wp-content/uploads/flipbook/40/book.html

External links

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