HLA-B15

HLA-B*1501 (alpha)-β2MG with bound peptide
major histocompatibility complex (human), class I, B15
Alleles	B*1501, 1502 . .
Structure (See HLA-B)
Shared data
Locus	chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-B15 (B15) is an HLA-B serotype. The serotype identifies the B*15 gene-allele protein products of HLA-B.^[1]

B15 is a broad antigen can be subdivided into several split antigens that are often used in characterization. These are B62, B63, B70, B71, B72, B75, B76, B77. B*15 is the largest allele grouping for any known human autosomal locus, idenitified as of August 2008 there are more than 150 alleles and ~140 amino acid sequence variants from those gene products. Some of these alleles are discussed below. Other alleles, such as B*46 evolved from B*15. One reason for the diversity of this group is that B15 is among a group of alleles enriched in the original humans that left Africa and dispersed across East Asia and Australia. As people traveled east the frequency of many alleles dropped or disappeared from migrants. However B*15 persisted, expanded and diversified.^[2] The wide range and complex environment selected for new alleles and promoted their expansion. B*46 for example is not found in Africa, and appears to have evolved and spread in East Asia, to several 100 million bearers worldwide.

HLA-B15 allele *1502 is associated with the severe skin conditions Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) caused by carbamazepine drug sensitivity in East Asians.

Serotype

Serotypes B15, B62, B63, B70, B71, B72, B75, B76, B77 recognition of the HLA B*15 gene products^[3]

B*15	B15	B62	B63	B70	B71	B72	B75	B76	B77	Sample	Desig-
allele	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	%	size (N)	nation
*1501	2	96								1906	B62
*1502	7	22					62			1035	B75
*1503	1			61		10				2569	B70
*1504	10	69								29	B62
*1505	18	64								22	B62
*1506		40		20			11			10	B62
*1507		79								101	B62
*1508		20					18			45	B62
*1509				53						65	B70
*1510	1			49	2	2	1			1204	B70
*1511	15	27					21			68	B62
*1512	17	18						8		12	B62
*1513	15	8	19				12		21	116	B77
*1515	13	49					28			138	B62
*1516	3		80							816	B63
*1517	2		88							797	B63
*1518				51	3					552	B70
*1520		100								5	B62
*1521	7	12					55			132	B75
*1524		44								54	B62
*1525	7	74					8			116	B62
*1527	7	76								76	B62
*1528	14	57					14			7	B62
*1529				19						21	B70
*1530	17	64								98	B62
*1531		50								12	B62
*1535		79								34	B62
*1537				30						34	B70
Allele	B15	B62	B63	B70	B71	B72	B75	B76	B77	N
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA Databease at EBI

References

1. Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, et al. (2005). "Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2004". Tissue Antigens. 65 (4): 301–69. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00379.x. PMID 15787720.
2. Hildebrand WH, Domena JD, Shen SY, et al. (April 1994). "HLA-B15: a widespread and diverse family of HLA-B alleles". Tissue Antigens. 43 (4): 209–18. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1994.tb02327.x. PMID 7521976.
3. derived from IMGT/HLA