Halodule wrightii

Halodule wrightii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
Order:	Alismatales
Family:	Cymodoceaceae
Genus:	Halodule
Species:	H. wrightii
Binomial name
Halodule wrightii Asch 1868
Synonyms[1][2]
Diplanthera beaudettei Hartog Diplanthera ciliata Hartog Diplanthera dawsonii Hartog Diplanthera wrightii (Asch.) Asch. Halodule beaudettei (Hartog) Hartog Halodule brasiliensis Lipkin Halodule ciliata (Hartog) Hartog

Halodule wrightii (shoalweed) is a plant species native to seacoasts of some of the warmer oceans of the world. It has been reported from California, Texas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina, Maryland, Yucatán, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Costa Rica, Belize, Panamá, Cuba, Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela, Brazil, Australia, Cape Verde, and Madagascar.^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]}

Some publications cite US specimens by the synonym, Halodule beaudettei,^[13][14] but the two names represent the same species.^{[3][15][16][17]}

Halodule wrightii is an herb growing in salt-water marshes in intertidal regions, often submerged at high tide but emergent at low tide. It has flat leaves up to 20 cm long, dark reddish-brown, with a few teeth on the margins. Fruits are spherical to egg-shaped, about 2 mm across.^{[3][18][19][20][21]}

References

1. Tropicos Halodule wrightii
2. The Plant List Halodule wrightii
3. Flora of North America v 22
4. Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
5. Hammel, B. E. 2003. Cymodoceaceae. In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 92: 456–457.
6. Novelo R., A. & A. L. H. 1994. 239. Cymodoceaeceae. 6: 15–16. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D. F.
7. Balick, M. J., M. H. Nee & D.E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden 85: i–ix, 1–246.
8. Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of the Vascular Plants of Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson
9. Cowan, C. P. 1983. Flora de Tabasco. Listados Florísticos de México 1: 1–123.
10. Sousa Sánchez, M. & E. F. Cabrera Cano. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Listados Florísticos de México 2: 1–100.
11. BONAP (Biota of North America Project) floristic synthesis, Halodule wrightii
12. Creed, J. C., Engelen, A. H., D'Oliveira, E. C., Bandeira, S. and Serrão, E. A. 2016. First record of seagrass in Cape Verde, eastern Atlantic. Marine Biodiversity Record 9:57.
13. Hartog, Cornelis den. 1964. Blumea 12: 303.
14. Hartog, Cornelis den. 1960. Pacific Naturalist 1(15): 4–5, f. 2a–c.
15. Phillips, R. C. 1967. On species of the seagrass, Halodule, in Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 17: 672--676.
16. McMmillan, C. 1991. Isozyme patterning in marine spermatophytes. In: L. Triest, ed. 1988+. Isozymes In Water Plants. Opera Botanica Belgica 1+ vols. Belgium, Meise. Vol. 4,: pp. 193--200.
17. photo of herbarium specimen of Halodule wrightii at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Tabasco
18. Novelo, A. & L. Ramos. 2005. Vegetación acuática. Cap. 5: 111–144. In J. Bueno, F Álvarez & S. Santiago, Biodiversidad del Estado de Tabasco. CONABIO-UNAM, México.
19. Godfrey, R. K. & J. W. Wooten. 1979. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States Monocotyledons 1–712. The University of Georgia Press, Athens.
20. Ascherson, Paul Friedrich August. 1868. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1868: 19.
21. Ascherson, Paul Friedrich August. 1897. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 2: 37.