Halomonas

Halomonas
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Oceanospirillales
Family:	Halomonadaceae
Genus:	Halomonas Vreeland et al. 1980 emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996
Type species
Halomonas elongata
Species
H. alimentaria H. alkaliphila H. almeriensis H. anticariensis H. aquamarina H. axialensis H. boliviensis H. campaniensis H. campisalis H. canadensis H. cibimaris[1] H. cupida H. denitrificans H. desiderata H. elongata H. eurihalina H. gomseomensis H. halmophila H. halocynthiae H. halodenitrificans H. halodurans H. halophila H. hydrothermalis H. indalinina H. israelensis H. janggokensis H. koreensis H. magadiensis H. marisflavi H. maura H. meridiana H. muralis H. neptunia H. nitroreducens H. organivorans H. pacifica H. pantelleriensis H. salaria H. salina H. subglaciescola H. sulfidaeris H. taeanensis H. titanicae H. variabilis H. ventosae H. venusta

Halomonas is a genus of halophilic proteobacteria. It grows over the range of 5 to 25% NaCl.

The type species of this genus is Halomonas elongata.^[2]

Etymology

The name Halomonas derives from: Greek noun hals, halos (ἅλς, ἁλός), salt; Greek feminine gender noun monas (μονάς / μονάδα), nominally meaning "a unit", but in effect meaning a bacterium; New Latin feminine gender noun Halomonas, salt (-tolerant) monad.^[3]

Members of the genus Halomonas can be referred to as halomonads (see Trivialisation of names).

Pathogenic potential

Certain species of Halomonas may display pathogenic potential in humans. In one study,^[4] three Halomonas species were isolated from two patients suffering bacteremia in a dialysis center. The study hypothesized that the bicarbonate used in the dialysis fluid may have been contaminated by the bacteria.

Halomonas titanicae

In 2010, scientists looking at samples of rusticles from the wreck of the Titanic have said that a recently discovered species of bacteria called Halomonas titanicae is consuming the metal on the ship itself. Even though these reports have been considerably exaggerated, Henrietta Mann, the discoverer of the bacterium has estimated that Titanic will be a pile of rust on the sea floor in 15 or 20 years from now because the bacteria eats submerged metal very rapidly.

References

1. Jeong, Sang Hyeon; Lee, Jong Hoon; Jung, Ji Young; Lee, Se Hee; Park, Moon Su; Jeon, Che Ok (2013). "Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 103 (3): 503–512. doi:10.1007/s10482-012-9832-x.
2. VREELAND (R.H.), LITCHFIELD (C.D.), MARTIN (E.L.) and ELLIOT (E.): Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salt-tolerant bacteria. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 485-495
3. Halomonas entry in LPSN [Euzéby, J.P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 47 (2): 590–2. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-2-590. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 9103655.]
4. "Halomonas, a newly recognized human pathogen causing infections and contamination in a dialysis center: three new species". Medicine (Baltimore). 88 (4): 244–9. July 2009. doi:10.1097/MD.0b013e3181aede29. PMID 19593230.

Fevre, E, and L A. Round. 1919. A preliminary report upon mme halophilic bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 4:.177-182.