José Giral

José Giral.

José Giral y Pereira (22 October 1879 23 December 1962) was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic.

Life

Pereira was born in Santiago de Cuba. He had degrees in Chemistry and Pharmacy from the University of Madrid. In 1905 he became professor of chemistry in the University of Salamanca. He founded Acción Republicana with Manuel Azaña. During the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera he conspired against the regime, and was imprisoned three times. When the Second Republic was declared, he was named director of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid and advisor of State. Between 1931 and 1933 he served as Minister of the Navy.

After the failure of Diego Martínez Barrio to form a government to restrain the military revolt of 17 July 1936, Azaña ordered Giral to form a new government constituted exclusively by republicans. This 133rd Prime Minister government lasted from 19 July to 4 September 1936. Then, with the fall of Talavera de la Reina and the Army of Morocco within reach of Madrid, Giral was forced to cede power to Francisco Largo Caballero.[1]

After the end of the Spanish Civil War he went to France, then to Mexico. In 1945 he succeeded Juan Negrín as prime minister of the Spanish Republican government in Exile until 1947.[2] He died in Mexico.

He married María Luisa González y de la Calle.

Cabinet

Members of Giral's cabinet of 19 July 1936 – 4 September 1936 were:[3][4]

Ministry Start End Officeholder Party
Premier 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 José Giral Republican Left
State (Foreign Affairs) 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Augusto Barcía Trelles Republican Left
Justice 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Manuel Blasco Garzón
War 19 July 1936 6 August 1936 General Luis Castello Pantoja
6 August 1936 4 September 1936 Juan Hernández Saravia
Navy 19 July 1936 22 August 1936 José Giral Republican Left
22 August 1936 4 September 1936 Francisco Maíz Sánchez
Interior 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 General Sebastián Pozas Perea
Finance 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Enrique Ramos Ramos Republican Left
Industry and Commerce 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Plácido Álvarez-Buylla Lozana Republican Union
Communications and Merchant Marine 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Bernardo Giner de los Ríos Republican Union
Public Works 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Antonio Velao Oñate Republican Left
Agriculture 19 July 1939 4 September 1936 Mariano Ruiz-Funes García
Education and Fine Arts 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Francisco Barnés Salinas
Labor, Health and Planning 19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Juan Lluhí
Preceded by
Diego Martínez Barrio
Prime Minister of Spain
1936
Succeeded by
Francisco Largo Caballero

References

  1. Beevor 2006, p. 144.
  2. Beevor 2006, p. 423.
  3. Urquijo y Goitia 2008, pp. 128-129.
  4. Pike 2011, p. 272.

Sources

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