Katrina Karkazis

Katrina Karkazis
Nationality American
Occupation Medical anthropologist and bioethicist
Known for Author, educator
Website katrinakarkazis.com

Katrina Karkazis is a medical anthropologist and bioethicist at the Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University School of Medicine. She has written widely on intersex issues, disease, treatment practices, policy and lived experiences, and the interface between medicine and society.[1][2] In 2016, she was jointly awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship with Rebecca Jordan-Young.[3]

Career

Katrina Karkazis received her PhD in medical and cultural anthropology, and a Masters in Public Health in maternal and child health, from Columbia University. She has an undergraduate degree in Public Policy from Occidental College. Karkazis has since completed postdoctoral training in empirical bioethics at Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics where she holds the position of Senior Research Scholar.[1][4]

In 2008, Karkazis published her first book, Fixing Sex, on the medical treatment and lived experience of intersex people. Since publication of Fixing Sex and co-authoring a 2012 journal article on sex testing in sport, Out of Bounds, Karkazis has widely written and been quoted as an expert on issues of informed consent, bodily diversity, testosterone, and access to sport. Media coverage of sport issues includes American Association for the Advancement of Science, The Guardian, Los Angeles Times, New Scientist, New York Times and Time, often in collaboration with Rebecca Jordan-Young.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

In 2015, Karkazis testified before the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) in the case of Dutee Chand v. Athletics Federation of India (AFI) & The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), and in July 2015 the CAS issued a decision to suspend its sex verification policy on excluding women athletes with hyperandrogenism (high levels of testosterone) due to insufficient evidence of a link between high androgen levels and improved athletic performance.[12][13] The court allowed two further years for convincing evidence to be submitted by the IAAF, after which the regulation will be automatically revoked if evidence has not been provided.[14]

In 2016, Karkazis was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation to work on a book on testosterone, T: The Unauthorized Biography, with co-author Rebecca Jordan-Young.[3]

Works

Books

Fixing Sex: Intersex, Medical Authority, and Lived Experience, published by Duke University Press in 2008 presents a history of the medical treatment and lived experience of intersex people and their families. The book has been well received by both clinicians and intersex groups. Gary Berkovitz, writing in the New England Journal of Medicine states that Karkazis's analysis is fair, compelling, and eloquent.[15] Elizabeth Reis, reviewing the book in American Journal of Bioethics, states that the book "masterfully examines the concerns and fears of all those with a stake in the intersex debate: physicians, parents, intersex adults, and activists."[16] Mijeon, in American Journal of Human Genetics writes that the "conclusion is quite fitting", "the history of thinking about the body ... can be highly politicized and controversial".[17] Kenneth Copeland MD, former president of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society describes the book as, "Masterfully balancing all aspects of one of the most polarizing, contentious topics in medicine... the most recent authoritative treatise on intersex."[1] Intersex community organization Organisation Intersex International Australia regards the book as "approachable," "compelling and recommended reading",[18] and the book was subsequently cited by the Senate of Australia in 2013.[18][19]

Peer-reviewed publications

In Out of Bounds? A Critique of the New Policies on Hyperandrogenism in Elite Female Athletes, a collaborative article with Georgiann Davis, Rebecca Jordan-Young, and Silvia Camporesi, published in 2012 in the American Journal of Bioethics, they argue that a new sex testing policy by the International Association of Athletics Federations will not protect against breaches of privacy, will require athletes to undergo unnecessary treatment in order to compete, and will intensify "gender policing". They recommend that athletes be able to compete in accordance with their legal gender.[20][21] The analysis was described as an "influential critique" in the Los Angeles Times.[5]

In Emotionally and cognitively informed consent for clinical care for differences of sex development, co-authored with Anne Tamar-Mattis, Arlene Baratz, and Katherine Baratz Dalke and published in 2013, the authors write that "physicians continue to recommend certain irreversible treatments for children with differences of sex development (DSD) without adequate psychosocial support".[22]

In What’s in a Name? The Controversy over “Disorders of Sex Development”, co-authored with Ellen Feder and published in 2008, the authors state that "tracing "the history of the terminology applied to those with atypical sex anatomy reveals how these conditions have been narrowly cast as problems of gender to the neglect of broader health concerns and of the well-being of affected individuals."[23] Karkazis and Feder also collaborated in Naming the problem: disorders and their meanings, published in The Lancet in 2008.[24]

Selected bibliography

Books

Peer-reviewed journals

Editorial works

Awards and recognition

Fixing Sex: Intersex, Medical Authority, and Lived Experience was nominated for the Margaret Mead Award, 2010, and a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award, 2009.[1] In 2016, Karkazis was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Katrina Karkazis, PhD, MPH, Stanford University School of Medicine Center for Biomedical Ethics, 2013
  2. ↑ About, Katrina Karkazis, retrieved 9 January 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 "Katrina Karkazis". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  4. ↑ Katrina Karkazis, PhD, MPH, Stanford University School of Medicine Center for Biomedical Ethics, 2013.
  5. 1 2 Is sex testing in the Olympics a fool's errand?, Jon Bardin in Los Angeles Times, July 30, 2012.
  6. ↑ Boy, Girl or Intersex?, Time, November 12, 2013.
  7. ↑ Rip up new Olympic sex test rules, Katrina Karkazis and Rebecca Jordan-Young in New Scientist, 23 July 2012.
  8. ↑ Does the science support a ban on female athletes with high testosterone levels?, American Association for the Advancement of Science, August 8, 2012.
  9. ↑ Expert: Gender testing 'imperfect' for female athletes, CNN, August 8, 2012.
  10. ↑ The IOC's superwoman complex: how flawed sex-testing discriminates, Rebecca Jordan-Young and Katrina Karkazis in The Guardian, 2 July 2012.
  11. ↑ You Say You’re a Woman? That Should Be Enough, Rebecca Jordan-Young and Katrina Karkazis in New York Times, 17 June 2012.
  12. ↑ Fagan, Kate (August 13, 2016). "Katie Ledecky is crushing records, so why are we still worried about Caster Semenya?". ESPN. Retrieved 2016-08-27.
  13. ↑ Padawer, Ruth (June 28, 2016). "The Humiliating Practice of Sex-Testing Female Athletes". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-08-27.
  14. ↑ Branch, John (27 July 2015). "Dutee Chand, Female Sprinter With High Testosterone Level, Wins Right to Compete". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  15. ↑ Fixing Sex: Intersex, Medical Authority, and Lived Experience, New England Journal of Medicine, April 16, 2009. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMbkrev0805101.
  16. ↑ Review of Katrina Karkazis, Fixing Sex: Intersex, Medical Authority, and Lived Experience, Elizabeth Reis in American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 9, issue 6, 2009. DOI:10.1080/15265160902790617
  17. ↑ Fixing Sex: Intersex, Medical Authority, and Lived Experience, Claude Migeon in American Journal of Human Genetics, June 12, 2009; 84(6): 718-727. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.04.022.
  18. 1 2 Katrina Karkazis, “Fixing Sex” (recommended reading), Organisation Intersex International Australia, 26 January 2010
  19. ↑ Involuntary or coerced sterilisation of intersex people in Australia, Community Affairs Committee, Senate of Australia, October 2013.
  20. ↑ Out of Bounds? A Critique of the New Policies on Hyperandrogenism in Elite Female Athletes, Katrina Karkazis, Georgiann Davis, Rebecca Jordan-Young, and Silvia Camporesi in American Journal of Bioethics 12(7): 3–16, 2012, DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2012.680533.
  21. ↑ The Harrison Bergeron Olympics, Response to Letter to the Editor, American Journal of Bioethics, 13(5):66-69, 2013.
  22. ↑ Emotionally and cognitively informed consent for clinical care for differences of sex development, Anne Tamar-Mattis, Arlene Baratz, and Katherine Baratz Dalke, in Psychology & Sexuality, 2013.
  23. ↑ “What’s in a Name? The Controversy over ‘Disorders of Sex Development’”, Ellen K. Feder and Katrina Karkazis, Hastings Center Report 38, no. 5 (2008): 33- 36.
  24. ↑ Naming the problem: disorders and their meanings, Katrina Karkazis and Ellen Feder, The Lancet, Vol 372 December 13, 2008.

External links

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