Korean Service Medal

Korean Service Medal
Korean Service Medal
Awarded by United States Department of Defense
Type	Service medal
Eligibility	Military service during Korean War
Awarded for	service within territorial limits or service that directly supported the military efforts in Korea.
Campaign	Korean War
Status	Inactive
Description	Obverse: On a bronze medal, 1-1/4 inch in diameter, a Korean gateway, encircled by the inscription "KOREAN SERVICE". Reverse: On the reverse is the Korean "taegeuk" symbol taken from the center of the Korean National flag with the inscription "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" and a spray of oak and laurel encircling the design. Ribbon: The ribbon is 1-3/8 inches wide and consists of the following stripes: 1/32 inch White; 19/32 inch Bluebird; center 1/8 inch White; 19/32 inch Bluebird; and 1/32 inch White
Statistics
Established	EO 10179, November 8, 1950, as amended^[1]
First awarded	June 27, 1950 (retroactive)
Last awarded	July 27, 1954
Precedence
Next (higher)	National Defense Service Medal
Next (lower)	Antarctica Service Medal
Related	Korean War Service Medal (Korea) Korean Defense Service Medal United Nations Korea Medal National Defense Service Medal Presidential Unit Citation (Korea)
Korean Service Medal ribbon & streamer

The Korean Service Medal (KSM) is a military award for service in the United States Armed Forces and was created in November 1950 by executive order of President Harry Truman. The Korean Service Medal is the primary United States military award for participation in the Korean War and is awarded to any U.S. service member, who performed duty in the Republic of Korea, between June 27, 1950 and July 27, 1954.^[2]^[3]

Medal devices

Service stars

The United States Department of Defense declared thirteen official campaigns of the Korean War, all of which are annotated by service stars on the Korean Service Medal. Some campaigns apply to all branches of the U.S. military, while others are branch specific. The Korean Service Medal is authorized a service star to denote participation in any of the following campaigns:

North Korean Aggression (USMC, Navy): June 27 to November 2, 1950
United Nations Defensive (Army, USAF): June 27 to September 15, 1950^[4]
Inchon Landing (USMC, Navy): September 13 to 17, 1950
United Nations Offensive (Army, USAF): September 16 to November 2, 1950^[4]
Chinese Communist Forces Intervention (Army, USAF): November 3, 1950 to January 24, 1951^[4]
Communist China Aggression (USMC, Navy): November 3, 1950 to January 24, 1951
First United Nations Counteroffensive (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): January 25 to April 21, 1951^[4]
Chinese Communist Forces Spring Offensive (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): April 22 to July 8, 1951^[4]
United Nations Summer-Fall Offensive (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): July 9 to November 27, 1951^[4]
Second Korean Winter (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): November 28, 1951 to April 30, 1952^[4]
Korean Defense Summer-Fall, 1952 (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): May 1 to November 30, 1952^[4]
Third Korean Winter (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): December 1, 1952 to April 30, 1953^[4]
Korea, Summer 1953 (USMC, Army, Navy, USAF): May 1 to July 27, 1953^[4]

Arrowhead device

An arrowhead device is authorized for US Army personnel to denote participation in each of the following:

Amphibious landing at Inchon
Airborne attacks on Sukch'on-Such'on and Musan

Fleet Marine Force combat operation insignia

The Fleet Marine Force Combat Operation Insignia is authorized for US Navy personnel who served with the Marine Corps at any time during the Korean War.

History

Although the Korean War Armistice ended combat operations in Korea on 27 July 1953, the Korean Service Medal was issued until June 1954 due to the tense nature of the occupation and garrison duty immediately after the armistice, as well as the high possibility of a renewed attack by North Korea. After 1954, the Korean Service Medal was no longer issued although the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal was authorized for Korean service in the 1960s. As of 2004, a new medal known as the Korea Defense Service Medal was authorized for all post-Korean War service in the Republic of Korea.

The KSM was designed by the Army Heraldic Section. The color scheme of the ribbon is derived from the Flag of the United Nations, as it was under the auspices of the United Nations (United Nations Security Council Resolution 82) that the war was conducted. The medal itself features a "Korean gateway," most likely an iljumun, on the front, and a taegeuk on the reverse. ^[5]

The United Nations Service Medal for Korea was usually issued alongside the Korean Service Medal. Beginning in 1999, the Republic of Korea War Service Medal was also awarded to United States service members who received the Korean Service Medal. The Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation is retroactively authorized to any United States Army veteran who served in Korea during the War.

References

↑ Amended by EO 10429, January 17, 1953, and EO 13286, February 28, 2003. Additional details and descriptions given at 32 CFR 578.44.
↑ "Korean Service Medal". U.S. Navy Service and Campaign Medals. Naval History and Heritage Command.
↑ "Korean Service Medal". http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/. The Institute of Heraldry. Retrieved 2 June 2014. External link in |website= (help)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Fact Sheet: Korean Service Medal". http://www.afpc.af.mil. Air Force Personnel Center. Retrieved 2 June 2014. External link in |website= (help)
↑ Kerrigan, Evans E. (1964). "The Korean War 1950-1953". American War Medals and Decorations. New York: The Viking Press. p. 103. OCLC 702555627.

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United States Campaign, Expeditionary, and Service Medals

19th century	Civil War Campaign Medal Indian Campaign Medal Dewey Medal Sampson Medal Cardenas Medal of Honor West Indies Campaign Medal Spanish Campaign Medal Spanish War Service Medal Army of Cuban Occupation Medal Army of Puerto Rican Occupation Medal Philippine Campaign Medal Philippine Congressional Medal

Early 20th century	China Campaign Medal (Army) China Relief Expedition Medal (Navy) Army of Cuban Pacification Medal Cuban Pacification Medal Nicaraguan Campaign Medal Haitian Campaign Medal Dominican Campaign Medal

World War I era	Mexican Service Medal Mexican Border Service Medal World War I Victory Medal Texas Cavalry Medal Army of Occupation of Germany Medal

Inter war era	Navy Expeditionary Medal Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal Haitian Campaign Medal NC-4 Medal Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal Yangtze Service Medal Byrd Antarctic Expedition Medal Second Byrd Antarctic Expedition Medal United States Antarctic Expedition Medal

World War II era	China Service Medal American Defense Service Medal Women's Army Corps Service Medal American Campaign Medal European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal World War II Victory Medal Army of Occupation Medal Navy Occupation Service Medal Medal for Humane Action

Late 20th century	National Defense Service Medal Korean Service Medal Antarctica Service Medal Coast Guard Arctic Service Medal Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal Vietnam Service Medal Southwest Asia Service Medal Kosovo Campaign Medal Armed Forces Service Medal Humanitarian Service Medal Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal

21st century	Afghanistan Campaign Medal Iraq Campaign Medal Inherent Resolve Campaign Medal Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal Global War on Terrorism Service Medal Korea Defense Service Medal Air and Space Campaign Medal Nuclear Deterrence Operations Service Medal

Inter-service awards and decorations of the United States military

Federal military decorations	Medal of Honor Silver Star Medal Legion of Merit Distinguished Flying Cross Bronze Star Medal Purple Heart Meritorious Service Medal Air Medal

Department level military decorations	Defense Distinguished Service Homeland Security Distinguished Service Medal Defense Superior Service Defense Meritorious Service Joint Service Commendation Joint Service Achievement Joint Meritorious Unit

Federal service medals	Prisoner of War National Defense Service Medal Antarctica Service Korean Service Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal Vietnam Service Southwest Asia Service Kosovo Campaign Afghanistan Campaign Medal Iraq Campaign Medal Inherent Resolve Campaign Medal Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal Global War on Terrorism Service Medal Korea Defense Service Armed Forces Service Medal Humanitarian Service Medal Outstanding Volunteer Service Armed Forces Reserve

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