List of Hungarian monarchs

For a list of presidents until present day, see List of heads of state of Hungary. For the semi-independent monarchs of Transylvania in the 16th and 17th centuries, see List of Princes of Transylvania.

This is a List of Hungarian monarchs, which includes the grand princes (895–1000) and the kings and ruling queens of Hungary (1000–1918).

The Principality of Hungary established 895 or 896, following the 9th century Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. The Kingdom of Hungary existed from 1000 (or arguably from 1001; the coronation of Saint Stephen) until 1918 (when Charles IV "renounced participation" in state affairs, but did not abdicate). The Árpád dynasty, the male-line descendants of Grand Prince Árpád, ruled Hungary continuously from 895 to 1301.

Semi-legendary rulers before the Conquest

Portrait Name Monarch From Monarch Until Marriage(s) Title
Levedi ? c. 850 (?) A Khazar princess voivode
Álmos c. 850 c. 895 Unknown kende or gyula

(Son of Ügyek and Emese)

Grand Princes of Hungary

House of Árpád

The rulers of the first half of the 10th century are often disputed, as the Hungarian nation consisted of several tribes led by various leaders. The most frequently proposed are:

Portrait Name Monarch From Monarch Until Marriage(s) Relationship with Predecessor(s)
Árpád c. 895 c. 907 Unknown  • Son of Álmos
Zoltán c. 907 c. 947 Menumorut's daughter (?)  • Son of Árpád
Fajsz c. 947 c. 955 Unknown  • Grandson of Árpád
Taksony c. 955 c. 972 a "Cuman" woman  • Son of Zoltán
Géza c. 972 997 Sarolt  • Son of Taksony
Stephen 997 25 December 1000 Blessed Gisela of Bavaria  • Son of Géza

Kings of Hungary

House of Árpád

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Saint Stephen I 25 December 1000 15 August 1038 Blessed Gisela of Bavaria  • Son of Géza
Peter
the Venetian
(1st rule)		 15 August 1038 September 1041 (1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)		  • Nephew of Stephen I
Samuel September 1041 5 July 1044
Battle of Ménfő		 Géza's daughter  • Brother-in-law of Stephen I
Peter
the Venetian
(2nd rule)		 5 July 1044 September 1046 (1) Unknown
(2) Judith of Schweinfurt (?)		  • Nephew of Stephen I
Andrew I
the White		 September 1046 December 1060 Anastasia of Kiev  • Great-grandson of Taksony
Béla I
the Champion		 6 December 1060 11 September 1063 Richeza of Poland  • Great-grandson of Taksony

 • Younger brother of Andrew I

Solomon September 1063 14 March 1074 Judith of Swabia  • Son of Andrew I
Géza I
Magnus		 14 March 1074 25 April 1077 (1) Sophia
(2) Synadene		  • Son of Béla I
Saint Ladislaus I 25 April 1077 29 July 1095 (1) Unknown (?)
(2) Adelaide of Rheinfelden		  • Son of Béla I

 • Younger brother of Géza I

Coloman
the Learned		 1095 3 February 1116 (1) Felicia of Sicily
(2) Eufemia of Kiev		  • Son of Géza I
Stephen II 3 February 1116 1 March 1131 Unnamed daughter of Robert I of Capua  • Son of Coloman
Béla II
the Blind		 28 April 1131 13 February 1141 Helena of Rascia  • Grandson of Géza I

 • Cousin of Stephen II

Géza II 16 February 1141 31 May 1162 Euphrosyne of Kiev  • Son of Béla II
Stephen III June 1162 4 March 1172 Agnes of Austria  • Son of Géza II
Ladislaus II
(Anti-king)		 June 1162 14 January 1163 Unknown  • Son of Béla II

 • Younger brother of Géza II

Stephen IV
(Anti-king)		 27 January 1163 11 April 1165 Maria Komnene  • Son of Béla II

 • Younger brother of Géza II

Béla III March 1172 23 April 1196 (1) Agnes of Antioch
(2) Margaret of France		  • Son of Géza II

 • Younger brother of Stephen III

Emeric April 1196 30 November 1204 Constance of Aragon  • Son of Béla III
Ladislaus III 30 November 1204 7 May 1205 Unmarried  • Son of Emeric
Andrew II
the Jerosolimitan		 29 May 1205 21 September 1235 (1) Gertrude of Merania
(2) Yolanda de Courtenay
(3) Beatrice d'Este		  • Son of Béla III

 • Younger brother of Emeric

Béla IV
the Second Founder		 14 October 1235 3 May 1270 Maria Laskarina  • Son of Andrew II
Stephen V May 1270 6 August 1272 Elizabeth the Cuman  • Son of Béla IV
Ladislaus IV
the Cuman		 3 September 1272 10 July 1290 Elizabeth of Sicily  • Son of Stephen V
Andrew III
the Venetian		 23 July 1290 14 January 1301 (1) Fenenna of Kuyavia
(2) Agnes of Austria		  • Grandson of Andrew II

Přemyslid dynasty

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Wenceslaus
Ladislaus V		 27 August 1301 9 October 1305 Viola of Teschen  • Great-great grandson of Béla IV

House of Wittelsbach

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Otto 9 October 1305 May 1307 (1) Catherine of Habsburg
(2) Agnes of Glogau		  • Grandson of Béla IV

Capetian House of Anjou

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Charles I 17 November 1308 16 July 1342 (1) Maria of Halych
(2) Maria of Bytom
(3) Beatrice of Luxembourg
(4) Elizabeth of Poland		  • Great-grandson of Stephen V
Louis I
the Great		 21 July 1342 10 September 1382 (1) Margaret of Bohemia
(2) Elizabeth of Bosnia		  • Son of Charles I
Mary
(1st rule)		 17 September 1382 31 December 1385 Sigismund of Luxembourg  • Daughter of Louis I
Charles II
the Short		 31 December 1385 24 February 1386 Margaret of Durazzo  • Great-great grandson
of Stephen V
Mary
(2nd rule)
(Co-ruler with Sigismund)		 24 February 1386 17 May 1395 Sigismund of Luxembourg  • Daughter of Louis I

House of Luxembourg

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Sigismund
(Co-ruler with Mary until 1395)		 31 March 1387 9 December 1437 (1) Mary of Hungary
(2) Barbara of Cilli		  • Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV

 • Husband of Mary

House of Habsburg

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Albert
the Magnanimous		 18 December 1437 27 October 1439 Elizabeth of Luxembourg  • Seventh great-grandson of Géza II

 • Son-in-law of Sigismund

Ladislaus V
the Posthumous
(Contested by Vladislaus I)		 15 May 1440 23 November 1457 Unmarried  • Son of Albert
  • 7 May 1445 – 6 June 1446: Seven Captains of the Realm
  • 6 June 1446 – January 1453: Regent John Hunyadi

House of Jagiellon

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Vladislaus I
(Contested by Ladislaus V)		 17 July 1440 10 November 1444
Battle of Varna		 Unmarried  • Fourth great-grandson of Béla IV

House of Hunyadi

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Matthias I
the Just		 24 January 1458 6 April 1490 (1) Catherine of Poděbrady
(2) Beatrice of Naples		  • No relationship

House of Jagiellon

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Vladislaus II 15 July 1490 13 March 1516 (1) Barbara of Brandenburg
(2) Beatrice of Naples
(3) Anne of Foix-Candale		  • Grandson of Albert
Louis II 13 March 1516 29 August 1526
Battle of Mohács		 Mary of Austria  • Son of Vladislaus II

House of Zápolya

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
John I
(Contested by Ferdinand I)		 11 November 1526 July 1540 Isabella Jagiellon  • Sixth great-grandson of Béla IV
John II
(King-elect)
(Contested by Ferdinand I and Maximilian)		 13 September 1540 19 July 1551 Unmarried  • Son of John I
12 March 1556 16 August 1570

House of Habsburg

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Ferdinand I
(Contested by John I and John II)		 17 December 1526 25 July 1564 Anne of Bohemia  • Tenth great-grandson of Géza II

 • Brother-in-law of Louis II

Maximilian
(Contested by John II until 1570)		 26 July 1564 12 October 1576 Maria of Austria  • Son of Ferdinand I
Rudolph 12 October 1576 26 June 1608 Unmarried  • Son of Maximilian
Matthias II 26 June 1608 20 March 1619 Anna of Tyrol  • Son of Maximilian

 • Younger brother of Rudolph

Ferdinand II
(Contested by Gabriel I between 1620 and 1621)		 20 March 1619 15 February 1637 (1) Maria Anna of Bavaria
(2) Eleonora Gonzaga		  • Grandson of Ferdinand I

 • Cousin of Rudolph and Matthias II

Ferdinand III 15 February 1637 2 April 1657 (1) Maria Anna of Spain
(2) Maria Leopoldine of Austria
(3) Eleonora Gonzaga		  • Son of Ferdinand II
Leopold I 2 April 1657 5 May 1705 (1) Margaret Theresa of Spain
(2) Claudia Felicitas of Austria
(3) Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg		  • Son of Ferdinand III
Joseph I 5 May 1705 17 April 1711 Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg  • Son of Leopold I
Charles III 17 April 1711 20 October 1740 Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel  • Son of Leopold I

 • Younger brother of Joseph I

Maria Theresa 20 October 1740 29 November 1780 Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor  • Daughter of Charles III

 • Pragmatic Sanction of 1723

House of Habsburg-Lorraine

Portrait Name Start of reign End of reign Marriage(s) Relationship with predecessor(s)
Joseph II 29 November 1780 20 February 1790 (1) Isabella of Parma
(2) Maria Josepha of Bavaria		  • Son of Maria Theresa
Leopold II 20 February 1790 1 March 1792 Maria Luisa of Spain  • Son of Maria Theresa

 • Younger brother of Joseph II

Francis 1 March 1792 2 March 1835 (1) Elisabeth of Württemberg
(2) Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
(3) Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
(4) Caroline Augusta of Bavaria		  • Son of Leopold II
Ferdinand V
the Benign		 2 March 1835 2 December 1848 Maria Anna of Savoy  • Son of Francis
Francis Joseph I 2 December 1848 21 November 1916 Elisabeth of Austria  • Nephew of Ferdinand V
Blessed Charles IV 21 November 1916 16 November 1918 Zita of Bourbon-Parma  • Great-nephew of Francis Joseph I

Timeline

Treaty of Trianon Ausgleich Treaty of Passarowitz Battle of Mohács Stephen I of Hungary List of Ottoman sultans Habsburg-Lorraine List of rulers of Transylvania Habsburg Szapolyai Miklós Horthy Habsburg-Lorraine Jagiellon Hunyadi Anjou Árpáds

References

[1]
[2][3][4][5]

  1. ↑ Allan Ellenius, Wim Blockmans, European Science Foundation; The Origins of the Modern State in Europe: 13th to 18th Centuries, Oxford University Press, 1998
  2. ↑ Bálint Hóman, Gyula Szekfű, Gyula Szekfu; Magyar történet; Királyi Magyar Egyetemi Nyomda, 1938
  3. ↑ Štefan Holčík; Korunovačné slávnosti, Bratislava 1563–1830, Tatran, 1986
  4. ↑ Jenő Vértesy; Kölcsey Ferencz, Nyomatott a Magyar királyi Egyetemi könyvnyomdában, 1885
  5. ↑ Slovenská akadémia vied; Historický časopis, Vydatelʹstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, 1985

External links

See also

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