List of massively multiplayer online role-playing games
For online games in other genres, see List of massively multiplayer online games.
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This is a selected list of massively multiplayer online role-playing games. MMORPGs are large multi-user games that take place in perpetual online worlds with a great number of other players. In most MMORPGs each player controls an avatar that interacts with other players, completes tasks to gain experience, and acquires items.
Business models
MMORPGs today use a wide range of business models, from free of charge, free with microtransactions, advertise funded, to various kinds of payment plans. This list uses the following terms.
- Free-to-play (F2P) means that there is no cost to purchase the software and there is no subscription charge. Variably applies to traditionally bought and forever available games (see Buy-to-play below). Most newer MMOs that fall under this category now includes microtransactions however, which causes them to overlap with the Freemium model.
- Freemium means that the majority or all of the game's content is available for free but players can pay for extra content, character customization, added perks or faster advancement into the game via microtransactions.
- Buy-to-play (B2P) means that the MMO can only be played by purchasing the game, but there is no subsequent subscription fee for playing the game. These games may or may not include additional microtransactions, or may sell additional content in the form of expansions instead of asking for an ongoing subscription fee.
- Pay-to-play (P2P) means that the MMO requires a monthly subscription fee or other ongoing fee in order to continue playing the game. It may also require an up-front purchase of the game in addition to the monthly subscription fee, though many of these up-front purchases include a month of game time. This was once the most common way for MMOs to finance themselves, but has fallen out of favor in recent years as an increasing number of games have switched to other business models due to difficulty in retaining a stable playerbase.
List of MMORPGs
| Title | Status | Graphics | Setting | Subscription Model | Initial Release Date | Server Close Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The 4th Coming | 2D (isometric) | Fantasy | Buy-to-play | 1999 | Now known as T4C v2 | ||
| 9Dragons | 3D | Historical fantasy (China), martial arts | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Ace Online | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2006 | |||
| AdventureQuest Worlds | 2D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium | 2003 | Browser-based | ||
| Age of Conan: Hyborian Adventures | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | This game features a combo based combat system. | ||
| Age of Wulin | 3D | Martial Arts, Wuxia (fantasy) | Freemium | 2013 | |||
| Aion: The Tower of Eternity | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| AIKA Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Free-to-play | 2009 | |||
| Allods Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2010 | |||
| Anarchy Online | 3D | Science fiction | Freemium | 2001 | |||
| Angel Love Online | 2D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2006 | Downloadable client (Windows only). Multiplatform: PC, PlayStation 3 | ||
| ArcheAge | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2013 | Open-sandbox player built world, large-scale crafting interactions (building own ship to sail with, etc) | ||
| Ashen Empires | 2D (isometric) | Fantasy | Freemium | 2002 | Housing, Guilds, 3 Expansions, Downloadable client (Windows only) | ||
| Asheron's Call | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 1999 | Has player housing | ||
| Asheron's Call 2 | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2002 | 2005-12-30 | ||
| Atlantica Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | Turn-based strategy | ||
| Aura Kingdom | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2014 | |||
| Battlestar Galactica Online | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2011 | Browser-based, Battlestar Galactica license | ||
| Black Desert | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium (Asia), Buy-to-play (EU/NA) | 2015 | Active, open-sandbox player built world - Manual aim action combat | ||
| Blade & Soul | 3D | Fantasy, martial arts | Freemium | 2012 | Manual aim action combat (within melee/short ranged combat) | ||
| Cabal Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2005 | |||
| Champions Online | 3D | Superheroes | Freemium | 2009 | |||
| City of Heroes | 3D | Superheroes | Freemium | 2004-04-27 | 2012-11-30 | Formerly pay-to-play | |
| City of Villains | 3D | Superheroes | Freemium | 2005-10-31 | 2012-11-30 | ||
| Clan Lord | 2D | Fantasy | Pay for account; free-to-play | 1998 | Downloadable client for Windows & Mac | ||
| Clone Wars Adventures | 3D | Sci-fi | Free-to-play | 2010-09-15 | 2014-03-31 | ||
| Club Penguin | 3D | Cartoon, kids | Freemium | 2005-10-24 | Browser-based | ||
| Crowns of Power | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| Dark Age of Camelot | 3D | Mythology (Arthurian) | Pay-to-play | 2001 | |||
| Dark Ages | 2D | Mythology (Celtic) | Pay for account; free-to-play | 1999 | |||
| Darkeden | 2D | Horror | Freemium | 1997 | 2013 | ||
| Drakensang Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2012 | Browser-based | ||
| Darkfall Unholy Wars | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2013 | |||
| Dead Frontier | 3D | Horror | Freemium | 2008 | Pay for extras, Browser-based | ||
| DC Universe Online | 3D | Superheroes | Freemium | 2011 | DC Comics license | ||
| Defiance | 3D | Science fiction, Post-apocalyptic | Freemium | 2013 | Tie-in to Defiance (TV series), formerly pay-to-play | ||
| Digimon Masters | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2011 | |||
| Dofus | 2D (isometric) | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2004 | Downloadable client (Windows, Mac, Linux) Tactical combat | ||
| Dragon Ball Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2010 | Downloadable client (Windows, Mac, Linux) Tactical combat | ||
| Dragon Nest | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2010 | Manual aim action combat | ||
| Dragon Oath | 3D | Mythology (Chinese) | Free-to-play | 2007 | Based on the novel Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils by Jin Yong | ||
| Dragon Quest X | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2012 | Multiplatform: Wii, Wii U | ||
| Dragonica also known as Dragon Saga | 3D (side-scrolling) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2010 | Anime/manga-style hack and slash | ||
| Dungeons & Dragons Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2006 | D&D 3.5 Edition ruleset | ||
| Dynasty Warriors Online | 3D | Historical fantasy (China), martial arts | Free-to-play | 2006 | Hack and slash | ||
| Earth and Beyond | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2002-09-24 | 2004-09-22 | Space vehicle piloting, trading, leveling | |
| Echo of Soul | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2013 | |||
| The Elder Scrolls Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Buy-to-play with optional subscription model | 2014 | Manual aim action combat. Formally a subscription based, but changed to buy-to-play on March 17, 2015. | ||
| Emil Chronicle Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2005 | 2010 | ||
| Empire & State | 2D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2011 | Browser-based political strategy MMORPG | ||
| Empire of Sports | 3D | Modern sports | Free-to-play | 2008 | Sports-based | ||
| Elsword | 2D (isometric) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | Potential sequel to GC | ||
| Entropia Universe | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2003 | |||
| Eternal Lands | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2003 | Downloadable client (Windows, Mac, Linux) | ||
| EVE Online | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2003 | Space vehicle piloting, trading, and business management | ||
| EverQuest | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 1999 | Formerly pay-to-play | ||
| EverQuest II | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2004 | Sequel to EverQuest | ||
| EverQuest Next | 3D | Fantasy | Cancelled | Active, open world, Multiplatform: PC, PlayStation 4. Cancelled as of 2016 | |||
| Fantage | 2D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2008 | |||
| Face of Mankind | 3D | Science fiction | Freemium | 2009 | |||
| Fallen Earth | 3D | Post-apocalyptic | Freemium | 2009 | |||
| Fantasy Westward Journey | 2D | Fantasy (Chinese) | Free-to-play | 2004 | Inspired by Journey to the West | ||
| Fiesta Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Final Fantasy XI | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2002 | Multiplatform: PC, PlayStation 2, Xbox 360 | ||
| Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2013 | Relaunch of Final Fantasy XIV. Now known as Final Fantasy: Heavensward with latest expansion. Multiplatform: PC, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 | ||
| Firefall | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2014 | First-person/third-person shooter | ||
| Flyff | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2005 | |||
| Fragoria | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2011 | Browser-based | ||
| Free Realms | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2009-04-28 | 2014-03-31 | ||
| Furcadia | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 1996 | |||
| Gekkeiju Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Free-to-play | 2003 | Anime-based. New version in 2010 with ""Occulus Rift"" support | ||
| GodsWar Online | 3D | Mythology (Greek) | Free-to-play | 2009 | |||
| Granado Espada | 3D | Historical fantasy (Age of Exploration) | Pay-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Grand Chase | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2003 | 2015-04-15 | Client download required | |
| Guild Wars | 3D | Fantasy | Buy-to-Play | 2005 | |||
| Guild Wars 2 | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play / Buy-to-play | 2012 | Manual aim action combat (guided, optional); Sequel to Guild Wars | ||
| Helbreath | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 1999 | |||
| Hello Kitty Online | 3D | Cartoon | Free-to-play | 2009 | Client download required. | ||
| Hero Online | 3D | Mythology (Chinese) | Free-to-play | 2006 | |||
| Istaria: Chronicles of the Gifted | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play / Pay-to-play | 2003 | Name changed from Horizons | ||
| Illyriad | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2011 | |||
| Infantry Online | 2D | Science Fiction | Free-to-play | 1999 | |||
| Jade Dynasty | 3D | Fantasy, martial arts | Freemium | 2008 | Latest expansion in 2013 | ||
| Kal Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2004 | |||
| Knight Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2004 | |||
| LaTale | 2D (side-scrolling) | Fantasy | Freemium | 2009 | 2010 | ||
| The Legend of Ares | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | 2009-05 | ||
| The Legend of Mir 2 | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2001 | |||
| The Legend of Mir 3 | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2004 | Sequel to The Legend of Mir 2 | ||
| Lineage | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 1998 | North American servers shutdown on June 29, 2011 | ||
| Lineage II | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2003 | Sequel to Lineage, formerly pay-to-play until the 2011 expansion | ||
| Lineage III | Under development | 3D | Fantasy | Sequel to Lineage II | |||
| Little Space Heroes | 2D | Kids | Freemium | 2011 | 2015 | ||
| The Lord of the Rings Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2007 | |||
| Love | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2010 | Builder | ||
| Mabinogi | 3D | Fantasy, mythology (Welsh) | Free-to-play | 2004 | |||
| Magical Land | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy (Chinese) | Free-to-play | 2005 | |||
| MapleStory | 2D (side-scrolling) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2003 | |||
| Marvel Heroes | 3D | Superheroes | Free-to-play | 2013 | |||
| Matrix Online | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2005-03-22 | 2009-07-31 | ||
| Meridian 59 | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 1995 | Formerly pay-to-play | ||
| Metin 2 | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2004 | |||
| Minions of Mirth | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2005 | |||
| MonsterMMORPG | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2009 | Browser-based | ||
| Mortal Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2010 | Formerly pay-to-play | ||
| MU Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Free-to-play | 2003 | |||
| Mythos | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2011 | 2014-01-22 | ||
| Myst Online | 3D | Ancient Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2007 | Open source | ||
| Neocron | 3D | Cyberpunk | Free-to-play | 2002 | FPS-style gameplay, second installment run by the game's community | ||
| Neverwinter | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2013 | Manual aim action combat | ||
| Nexus: The Kingdom of the Winds | 2D (sprite-based; overhead) | Mythology (Korean) | Pay-to-play | 1996 | |||
| Pantheon: Rise of the Fallen | Under development | 3D | Fantasy | Spiritual successor to the original EverQuest | |||
| Pardus | 2D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2004 | Browser-based, space war and trading game | ||
| Parallel Kingdom | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2008 | |||
| Perfect World | 3D | Fantasy (Chinese) | Freemium | 2005 | Latest expansion in 2013 | ||
| Perpetuum[1][2] | 3D | Science fiction | Buy-to-play | 2010 | Persistent sandbox MMORPG. Formerly a subscription[3] | ||
| Phantasy Star Online 2 | 3D | Science Fiction | Freemium | 2012 | |||
| Phoenix Dynasty Online | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | 2010-12-8 | ||
| Pirates of the Burning Sea | 3D | Historical (maritime) | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| Pirates of the Caribbean Online | 3D | Adventure | 2007 | Free-to-play | |||
| Pirate101 | 3D | Fantasy, kids | Freemium | 2012 | Pirate game, kid-safe chat | ||
| PlaneShift | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2000 | Open source | ||
| Priston Tale | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2001 | 2013 | ||
| Poptropica | 2D (side-scrolling) | Cartoon, kids | Freemium | 2007 | Browser-based, no downloadable client required | ||
| Puppet Guardian | 2D (isometric; adventure) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Puzzle Pirates | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2003 | |||
| Ragnarok Online | 2D/3D[4] | Fantasy, mythology (Norse/mixed) | Freemium/Pay-to-play (Depending on the server) | 2002 | |||
| Ragnarok Online 2 | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2012 | Sequel to Ragnarok Online | ||
| Ran Online | 3D | Campus fantasy | Freemium | 2004 | |||
| Realm of the Mad God | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2011 | Browser-based | ||
| The Realm Online | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 1996 | |||
| Red Stone | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2004 | |||
| Regnum Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium | 2007 | |||
| Requiem: Memento Mori | 3D | Dark fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| RF Online | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2006 | |||
| Rift | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2011 | Formerly pay-to-play | ||
| Roblox | 3D | Abstract | Freemium | 2006 | Block-building game | ||
| Rohan: Blood Feud | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2008 | |||
| ROSE Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2005 | |||
| Runes of Magic | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium | 2009 | |||
| RuneScape | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium with subscription model | 2001 | Browser-based, Java and HTML 5. Optional membership will unlock more skills and quests as well as access to Old School Runescape, and allow players access to Runescape Classic if it's unlocked for them. | ||
| Rusty Hearts | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2011 | 2014 | Hack and slash | |
| Ryzom | 3D | Science fantasy | Freemium | 2004 | Free-to-play (up to level 125), pay-to-play (to max level). Open source | ||
| Salem | 3D | Historical (17th century) fantasy | Free-to-play | 2012 | Crafting-based | ||
| Sangokushi Online | 3D | Mythology (Chinese) | Pay-to-play | 2008 | 2010 | Part of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms series by Koei | |
| The Secret World | 3D | Modern | Buy-to-play | 2012 | Formerly pay-to-play | ||
| Seal Online | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2003 | |||
| Scions of Fate or Yulgang | 2D (sprite-based) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2005 | |||
| Shadowbane | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2003-03-25 | 2009-07-01 | Switched to "free-to-play" in March 15, 2006, supported by ads | |
| Shin Megami Tensei: Imagine | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Shroud of the Avatar: Forsaken Virtues | Steam Early Access Pre-Alpha | 3D | Fantasy | Buy-to-play | Spiritual successor to the Ultima series | ||
| Sho Online | 3D | Historical fantasy (China) | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| Shot-Online | 3D | Sports (golf) | Freemium | 2004 | |||
| Silkroad Online | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2005 | |||
| Skyforge | 3D | Fantasy (Mythic/Sci-fi) | Freemium | 2015 | Russian-based developers. Currently in open beta. Manual aim action combat | ||
| Soul of the Ultimate Nation | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2007 | 2013 | ||
| Spiral Knights | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2009 | Java | ||
| Star Trek Online | 3D | Science fiction | Freemium | 2010 | Switched to "free-to-play" in January 17, 2012 | ||
| Star Wars Galaxies | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2003-06-26 | 2011-12-15 | The first Star Wars MMORPG used a "sandbox" approach with a totally player-driven economy | |
| Star Wars: The Old Republic | 3D | Science fiction | Freemium | 2011 | Spiritual sequel of 2003's Game of the year Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic, formerly pay-to-play | ||
| StarQuest Online | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2007 | 2014 | Downloadable client (Windows) | |
| Stellar Dawn | Development paused | 3D | Science fiction | Development started back in 2006 as Mechscape, which was scrapped in 2009. In 2010 Stellar Dawn was announced, though in March 2012 the development was paused so the developer, Jagex, could focus on their other games. | |||
| A Tale in the Desert | 3D | Mythology (Egyptian) | Pay-to-play | 2003 | Non-combat-oriented RPG | ||
| Tales of Pirates | 3D | Fantasy (Maritime) | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| TERA: Rising | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2011 | Manual aim action combat (True Action combat) | ||
| Terra | 3D | Science fiction | Free-to-play | 1996 | |||
| Tibia | 2D (sprite-based; overhead) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 1997 | Downloadable client (Windows, Linux). | ||
| Toontown Online - Toontown Rewritten | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2003 | MMORPG designed for children | ||
| Trove | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2013 | |||
| Twelve Sky | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2007 | |||
| Twelve Sky 2 | 3D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008 | |||
| Ultima Online | 2D/3D | Medieval fantasy | Pay-to-play | 1997 |
The term MMORPG was first coined by Ultima Online creator Richard Garriott in 1997.[5] | ||
| Uncharted Waters Online | 3D | Historical (maritime) | Pay-to-play | 2005 | |||
| Underlight | 3D | Fantasy (Dream) | Free-to-play | 1998 | Original servers were shutdown December 2006. Recently re-launched in September 2014 by KoiWare. | ||
| Vanguard: Saga of Heroes | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2007-01-30 | 2014-07-31 | ||
| Vindictus | 3D | Fantasy (Celtic) | Free-to-play | 2010 | Manual aim action combat | ||
| Visual-Utopia | 2D | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 1999 | Turn based strategy | ||
| Voyage Century Online | 3D | Historical (maritime) | Free-to-play | 2006 | |||
| Vendetta Online | 3D | Science fiction | Pay-to-play | 2004 | Space vehicle piloting and twitch-based interface | ||
| Wakfu | 2D (isometric) | Fantasy | Freemium | 2012 | Downloadable client (Windows, Mac, Linux). Tactical combat. | ||
| Warhammer Online: Age of Reckoning | 3D | Fantasy | Freemium | 2008 | 2013-12-18 | ||
| Warhammer 40,000: Eternal Crusade | Pre-Alpha production | 3D | Fantasy, Science fiction | Buy-to-play | PC. Founders Packs available | ||
| WildStar | 3D | Fantasy, Science fiction | Free-to-play | 2014 | Manual aim action combat (telegraphed). Became Free-to-play on September 29, 2015 | ||
| With Your Destiny | 3D | Fantasy (Scandinavian) | Free-to-play | 2003 | |||
| Wizard101 | 3D | Fantasy, kids | Freemium | 2008 | Wizard game with cards, kid-safe chat | ||
| WonderKing Online | 2D (side-scrolling) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2006 | |||
| Wonderland Online | 2D (special) | Fantasy | Free-to-play | 2008, March | Anime/Manga based | ||
| World of the Living Dead | 2D | Survival Strategy | Free-to-play | 2014 | 2014 | Map-Based Survival Game with PvP, Factions, Customization, Upgrades & Crafting. Defunct 2014 | |
| World of Warcraft | 3D | Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2004 | Free-to-play until level 20 | ||
| Wurm Online | 3D | Medieval fantasy | Freemium | 2006 | Sandbox game with hundreds of skills, multiple kingdoms, and a deep crafting system. | ||
| Xsyon | 3D | Apocalyptic Fantasy | Pay-to-play | 2011 | Apocalyptic Fantasy Sandbox MMORPG - Currently in the Prelude phase. | ||
| Zhengtu | 2D | Mythology (Chinese) | Freemium | 2008 | |||
| Zu Online | 3D | Mythology (Chinese) | Free-to-play | 2007 | 2012 |
See also
- Chronology of MUDs
- Comparison of MMORPGs
- History of MMORPGs
- List of free MMOGs
- List of MMOGs
- List of multiplayer browser games
- List of text-based MMORPGs
- Online game
Notes
- ↑ Rossignol, Jim (2010-06-02). "Interview: Perpetuum Online". Rockpapershotgun.com. Retrieved 2011-07-30.
- ↑ Brendan Drain (2011-06-26). "Perpetuum receives influx of EVE players". Massively.com. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
- ↑ "Perpetuum Developer Blog: The end of subscriptions, the start of something new". blog.perpetuum-online.com. 2014-03-16. Retrieved 2014-05-08.
- ↑ 3D environment with 2D sprites
- ↑ Safko, Ron; Brake, David (2009). The Social Media Bible: Tactics, Tools, and Strategies for Business Success. Wiley. ISBN 0-470-41155-4.
Richard Garriott first coined the term MMORPG in 1997.
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