List of amphibians and reptiles of Saint Barthélemy

Location of Saint Barthélemy in the Caribbean

This is a list of amphibians and reptiles found on the island of Saint Barthélemy, located in the Lesser Antilles chain in the Caribbean. It is taken from the last updated list of the fauna of Saint Barthélemy.^[1]

Amphibians

There are four species of amphibian on Saint Barthélemy, three of which were introduced.

Frogs (Anura)

Tree frogs (Hylidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Osteopilus septentrionalis[2]	Cuban Tree Frog	Native to Cuba. First recorded on Saint Barthélemy by Breuil in 1996. Arrived on the island with plants from Florida, after the Hurricane Luis in 1995.
Whistling Frog (Eleutherodactylidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Eleutherodactylus johnstonei [3]	Lesser Antillean Whistling Frog, Coqui Antillano, Johnstone's Whistling Frog	Endemic to the Lesser Antilles. First recorded on Saint Barthélemy by Breuil in 1996.
Eleutherodactylus martinicensis [4]	Tink Frog, Martinique Tree Frog	Endemic to the Lesser Antilles. First recorded on Saint Barthélemy by Magras in 1992 in Breuil 2002. Arrived on the island in the early 1980s.
Eleutherodactylus sp.[5]	St-Bart Whistling Frog	Endemic to Saint-Barthélemy. First recorded on Saint Barthélemy by l’Herminier in 1815, then Plée in 1821 in Breuil 2002 . Now extinct.

Reptiles

Including marine turtles and introduced species, there are 20 reptile species reported on Saint Barthélemy. One species, the blind snake Typhlops annae, is endemic to Saint Barthélemy.

Turtles (Testudines)

Tortoises (Testudinidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Chelonoidis carbonaria [6]	Red-Footed Tortoise	Native from South America, introduced and very common. The first mention of this species on Saint-Barthélemy was made by l’Herminier in 1815.
Pond turtles (Emydidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Trachemys scripta elegans[7]	Red-eared slider	Native from South America, introduced inside the St-Jean pond
Scaly sea turtles (Cheloniidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Caretta caretta	Loggerhead Turtle	Endangered.
Chelonia mydas	Green Turtle	Endangered.
Eretmochelys imbricata	Hawksbill Turtle	Critically Endangered.
Leathery sea turtles (Dermochelyidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Dermochelys coriacea	Leatherback Turtle	Critically Endangered.

Lizards and snakes (Squamata)

Geckos (Gekkonidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Hemidactylus mabouia[8]	House Gecko	Native to Africa. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Breuil in 1996..
Turnip-tailed Gecko (Phyllodactylidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Thecadactylus rapicauda	Turnip-tailed Gecko	Native to Lesser Antilles and South America. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Barbour in 1914.
Sphaero (Sphaerodactylidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Sphaerodactylus parvus [9]	Anguilla Bank Sphaero	Endemic to Anguilla Bank (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Anguilla). The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by King in 1962.
Sphaerodactylus sputator [10]	Leeward Banded Sphaero	Endemic to Anguilla Bank (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Anguilla) and to Sint Eustatius bank (Sint Eustatius, Saint Kitts and Nevis). The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by King in 1962.
Iguanas (Iguanidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Iguana delicatissima[11]	Lesser Antillean Iguana	Endangered. Endemic to the Lesser Antilles. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Euphrasen in 1788 in Tingbrand 1995.
Iguana iguana[12]	Green Iguana, Common Iguana	Introduced in Saint Barthélemy from Central America through Saint Martin, threatens the Lesser Antillean Iguana by hybridization. The confirmation of hybridization between Iguana delicatissima and Iguana iguana on Saint Barthélemy was made in 2007 by Gregory Moulard..
Anoles (Dactyloidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Anolis gingivinus[13]	Anguilla Bank Anole	Endemic to Anguilla Bank (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Anguilla). The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Cope in 1869.
Ameivas (Teiidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Ameiva plei[14]	Anguilla Bank Ameiva	Endemic to Anguilla Bank (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Anguilla). Cited on Martinique in error by Dumeril and Bibron in 1839, relocated correctly by Barbour and Noble 1915.
Antillean Skinks (Mabuyidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Spondylurus powelli[15]	Anguilla Bank Skink	Endemic to Saint Barthélemy and Anguilla. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by l’Herminier in 1815. Confirmed by Breuil in 1996 under the name Mabuya sloanii. And finally rename Spondylurus powelli by Hedge and Conn in 2012.
Worm Lizard (Gymnophthalmidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi[16]	Smooth-scaled Worm Lizard	native of South America. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Questel and Boggio in 2012 to Petit Cul-de-Sac.
Dispadids snakes (Dipsadidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Alsophis rijgersmaei[17]	Anguilla Bank Racer	Endangered. Endemic to Anguilla Bank (Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin and Anguilla). The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by l’Herminier in 1815.
Colubrids snakes (Colubridae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Pantherophis guttatus[18]	Corn Snake	Native to North America. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Breuil en 1996. Naturalization confirmed by Questel and Vitry in 2012.
Worm snakes (Typhlopidae)
Species	Common name(s)	Notes	Image
Ramphotyphlops braminus[19]	Brahminy Blind Snake, Flowerpot Blind Snake	Native to Asia. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by Breuil and Magras in 2001.
Typhlops annae[20]	Typhlops de St-Barth	Endemic to Saint Barthélemy. The first mention of this species on Saint Barthélemy was made by l’Herminier in 1815 and described by Breuil in 1996.

Notes and references

1. Questel & Le Quellec 2012. La faune terrestre et aquatique de Saint-Barthélemy (Antilles françaises). Synthèse bibliographique et quelques données inédites. Version 1.2. La Réserve Naturelle de Saint-Barthélemy, Alsophis et Université des Antilles et de la Guyane. 65p.
2. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p. Breuil & Ibéné 2007. Les Hylidés envahissants dans les Antilles françaises et le peuplement batrachologique naturel. Bull. Soc. Herp. Fr. 125:41-67. Breuil et al. 2010. Modifications du peuplement herpétologique dans les Antilles françaises. Disparitions et espèces allochtones. 1ère partie : Historique-Amphibiens. Le Courrier de la Nature, 249 : 30-37. Breuil, Ibéné & Questel 2011. Osteopilus septentrionalis. Les vertébrés terrestres introduits en outre-mer et leurs impacts. Guide illustré des principales espèces envahissantes. Comité français de l’UICN-ONCFS, France, p. 90-91.
3. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p. Breuil & Ibéné 2007. Les Hylidés envahissants dans les Antilles françaises et le peuplement batrachologique naturel. Bull. Soc. Herp. Fr. 125:41-67. Breuil, Ibéné & Questel 2011. Eleutherodactylus johnstonei. Les vertébrés terrestres introduits en outre-mer et leurs impacts. Guide illustré des principales espèces envahissantes. Comité français de l’UICN-ONCFS, France, p. 94-95.
4. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p.
5. l’Herminier 1815. Plan de Rédaction de l'essai sur l'histoire naturelle générale de l'isle St Barthélemy. Plée 1821 in Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p. Breuil et al. 2010. Modifications du peuplement herpétologique dans les Antilles françaises. Disparitions et espèces allochtones. 1ère partie : Historique-Amphibiens. Le Courrier de la Nature, 249 : 30-37.
6. l’Herminier 1815. Plan de Rédaction de l'essai sur l'histoire naturelle générale de l'isle St Barthélemy. Breuil et al. 2010. Modifications du peuplement herpétologique dans les Antilles françaises. Disparitions et espèces allochtones. 2de partie : Reptiles. Le Courrier de la Nature, 251 : 36-43.
7. Questel 2009. St Barth Nature/Alsophis. Breuil, Ibéné & Questel 2011. Trachemys scripta elegans. Les vertébrés terrestres introduits en outre-mer et leurs impacts. Guide illustré des principales espèces envahissantes. Comité français de l’UICN-ONCFS, France, p. 76-77.
8. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p.
9. King 1962. Systematics of Lesser Antillean lizards of the genus Sphaerodactylus. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 7:1-52.
10. King 1962. Systematics of Lesser Antillean lizards of the genus Sphaerodactylus. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 7:1-52.
11. Tingbrand 1995. Saint-Barthélemy à l'époque suédoise. Marie et centre culturel de Saint-Barthélemy, Saint-Barthémy (FWI), 1-169.. Lazell 1973. The lizard genus Iguana in the Lesser Antilles. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 145(1): 1-28.
12. Questel 2008. Iguane des Petites Antilles : la situation s’aggrave. Le Journal de Saint-Barth., 776:6. Breuil et al. 2010. Modifications du peuplement herpétologique dans les Antilles françaises. Disparitions et espèces allochtones. 2de partie : Reptiles. Le Courrier de la Nature, 251 : 36-43.
13. Lazell 1973. The Anoles (Sauria Iguanidae) of the lesser Antilles. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143 UJ:1-115.
14. Censky & Paulson 1992. Revision of the Ameiva (Reptilia: Teiidae) of the Anguilla Bank, West Indies. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 61:177-195.
15. Hedge & Conn 2012. A new skink fauna from Caribbean islands (Squamata, Mabuyidae, Mabuyinae). Zootaxa 3288: 1-244. l’Herminier 1815. Plan de Rédaction de l'essai sur l'histoire naturelle générale de l'isle St Barthélemy. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p.
16. Questel & Boggio 2012. Gymnophthalmus underwoodi (Smooth-scaled Worm Lizard). Distribution. Caribbean Herpetology 36:1.
17. Questel 2012. Contribution à la connaissance d’Alsophis rijgersmaei (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) sur l’île de Saint-Barthélemy. Réserve Naturelle de Saint-Barthélemy & ALSOPHIS. 24 p. l’Herminier 1815. Plan de Rédaction de l'essai sur l'histoire naturelle générale de l'isle St Barthélemy.
18. Questel & Vitry 2012. Pantherophis guttatus (Corn Snake). Distribution. Caribbean Herpetology 37:1. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p.
19. Breuil et al. 2010. Modifications du peuplement herpétologique dans les Antilles françaises disparitions et espèces allochtones 2e partie: Reptiles. Le Courrier de la Nature 251 36-43. Breuil 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’archipel guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54 :1-339p.
20. Breuil 1999. Nouvelle espèce du genre Typhlops, (Serpentes, Typhlopoidae) de l’île de Saint-Barthélmy, comparaison avec les autres espèces des Petites Antilles. Bull. mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 68: 30-40. l’Herminier 1815. Plan de Rédaction de l'essai sur l'histoire naturelle générale de l'isle St Barthélemy.