List of members of the International Ice Hockey Federation
The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) is the worldwide governing body for ice hockey and inline hockey. It is based in Zurich, Switzerland, and maintains the international ice hockey rulebook, processes international player transfers, dictates officiating guidelines and is responsible for the management of international ice hockey tournaments. The IIHF was created on May 15, 1908, under the name (in French) Ligue Internationale de Hockey sur Glace (LHG).[1] Belgium, France, Great Britain, Switzerland, and Bohemia (now the Czech Republic) were the founding members. The IIHF was composed entirely of European teams until 1920, when Canada and the United States joined.
Under the IIHF, there are three levels for member organizations. The highest level, and the only one in which members can vote at IIHF Congresses, is IIHF Full Member. These nations have their own independent hockey association, and regularly participate in the various IIHF-sanctioned World Championships. IIHF Associate Members is the second level. These nations either do not have their own independent hockey association, or have one, but have limited participation in the World Championships. The third category, IIHF Affiliate Member, is for nations that only participate in the Inline Hockey World Championships.[2]
As of 2016, there are 77 members: 54 full members, 21 associate members and 2 affiliate members. Indonesia, Nepal, and the Philippines are the newest members, all of whom joined on May 19, 2016. In 2015, there are 47 participated in the Men's World Championships, 36 participated in the Women's World Championships and 16 participated in the Inline Hockey World Championships.
Members
IIHF World Ranking information is accurate as of 2016. | |
In the Teams column | |
---|---|
Text in boldface indicates that the team participated in its corresponding event in 2016. | |
M | Men's Ice Hockey World Championships |
M-U20 | World Junior Championships |
M-U18 | World Under-18 Championships |
W | World Women's Championships |
W-U18 | World Women's Under-18 Championships |
inline | Inline Hockey World Championships |
IIHF Full Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Men's Ranking |
Women's Ranking |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Australia | February 11, 1938 | Ice Hockey Australia | Don Rurak | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 36 | 28 | [3] |
Austria[A] | March 18, 1912 | Austrian Ice Hockey Association | Dieter Kalt | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 17 | 11 | [4] |
Azerbaijan | May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of the Republic of Azerbaijan | Vagif D. Mussayev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [5] |
Belarus | May 6, 1992 | Belarus Ice Hockey Federation | Evgeny Vorsin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 9 | — | [6] |
Belgium | December 8, 1908 | Royal Belgian Ice Hockey Federation | Pascal Nuchelmans | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 32 | 36 | [7] |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | May 8, 2001 | Bosnia and Herzegovina Ice Hockey Federation | Haris Muhić | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 46 | — | [8] |
Bulgaria | July 25, 1960 | Bulgarian Ice Hockey Federation | Krasimir Krastev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 39 | 34 | [9] |
Canada | April 26, 1920 | Hockey Canada | Renney, TomTom Renney | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 1 | 2 | [10] |
China | July 25, 1963 | Chinese Ice Hockey Association | Wang Yitao | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 37 | 16 | [11] |
Chinese Taipei | September 1, 1983 | Chinese Taipei Ice Hockey Federation | Pai Wen-Jun | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [12] |
Croatia | May 6, 1992 | Croatian Ice Hockey Federation | Nikola Švigir | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 26 | 25 | [13] |
Czech Republic | November 15, 1908[B] | Czech Ice Hockey Association | Tomáš Král | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 6 | 9 | [14] |
Denmark | April 27, 1946 | Danish Ice Hockey Union | Henrik Bach Nielsen | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 13 | 10 | [15] |
Estonia | February 17, 1935[D] | Estonian Ice Hockey Association | Priit Vilba | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 28 | — | [16] |
Finland | February 10, 1928 | Finnish Ice Hockey Association | Kalervo Kummola | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 3 | 3 | [17] |
France | October 20, 1908 | French Ice Hockey Federation | Luc Tardif | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 14 | 12 | [18] |
Georgia | May 8, 2009 | Georgian Ice Hockey Federation | Nugzar Paikidze | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 44 | — | [19] |
Germany[C] | September 19, 1909 | German Ice Hockey Federation | Uwe Harnos | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 10 | 8 | [20] |
Great Britain | November 19, 1908 | Ice Hockey UK | Eamon Convery | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 24 | 21 | [21] |
Hong Kong | April 30, 1983 | Hong Kong Ice Hockey Association | Siu Yin Yip | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 45 | 35 | [22] |
Hungary | January 24, 1927 | Hungarian Ice Hockey Federation | Ferenc Studniczky | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 19 | 17 | [23] |
Iceland | May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Iceland | Vidar Garðarsson | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 35 | 30 | [24] |
India | April 27, 1989 | Ice Hockey Association of India | K. L. Kumar | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [25] |
Ireland | September 26, 1996 | Irish Ice Hockey Association | William Fay | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 48 | 38 | [26] |
Israel | May 1, 1991 | Ice Hockey Federation of Israel | Sergei Matin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 34 | — | [27] |
Italy | January 24, 1924 | Federation of Italian Ice Sports | Giancarlo Bolognini | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 18 | 20 | [28] |
Japan[E] | January 26, 1930 | Japan Ice Hockey Federation | Kenichi Chizuka | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 21 | 7 | [29] |
Kazakhstan | May 6, 1992 | Kazakhstan Ice Hockey Federation | Askar Mamin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 16 | 18 | [30] |
North Korea | August 8, 1963 | Ice Hockey Association of the DPR Korea | Pak Song-Nam | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 40 | 26 | [31] |
South Korea | July 25, 1960 | Korea Ice Hockey Association | Park Kap-Chul | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 23 | 23 | [32] |
Latvia | February 22, 1931[D] | Latvian Ice Hockey Federation | Lipmans, KirovsKirovs Lipmans | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 12 | 15 | [33] |
Lithuania | February 19, 1938[D] | Lithuanian Ice Hockey Federation | Petras Nauseda | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 25 | — | [34] |
Luxembourg | March 23, 1912 | Luxembourg Ice Hockey Federation | Rene Ludovicy | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 43 | — | [35] |
Mexico | April 30, 1985 | Mexico Ice Hockey Federation | Joaquin de la Garma | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 33 | 32 | [36] |
Mongolia | May 15, 1999 | Mongolian Ice Hockey Federation | Sumiya Ganjargal | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 50 | — | [37] |
Netherlands | January 20, 1935 | Netherlands Ice Hockey Association | Joop Vullers | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 27 | 19 | [38] |
New Zealand | May 2, 1977 | New Zealand Ice Hockey Federation | Grant Hay | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 38 | 29 | [39] |
Norway | January 20, 1935 | Norwegian Ice Hockey Association | Ole-Jacob Libæk | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 11 | 13 | [40] |
Poland | January 11, 1926 | Polish Ice Hockey Federation | Zdzisław Ingielewicz | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 20 | 22 | [41] |
Qatar | May 18, 2012 | Qatar Ice Hockey Federation | Khalil Al-Jabir | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [42] |
Romania | January 24, 1924 | Romanian Ice Hockey Federation | Barna Tanczos | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 29 | 37 | [43] |
Russia | April 1, 1952[F] | Ice Hockey Federation of Russia | Tretiak, VladislavVladislav Tretiak | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 2 | 4 | [44] |
Serbia | January 1, 1939[G] | Serbian Ice Hockey Association | Nastas Andrić | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 31 | — | [45] |
Slovakia | February 2, 1993 | Slovak Ice Hockey Federation | Juraj Siroky | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 8 | 14 | [46] |
Slovenia | May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of Slovenia | Matjaž Rakovec | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 15 | 24 | [47] |
South Africa | February 25, 1937 | South African Ice Hockey Association | Jerry Stevens | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 42 | 33 | [48] |
Spain | March 10, 1923 | Spanish Ice Sports Federation | Maria Teresa Samaranch | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 30 | 27 | [49] |
Sweden | March 23, 1912 | Swedish Ice Hockey Association | Christer Englund | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 5 | 5 | [50] |
Switzerland | November 23, 1908 | Swiss Ice Hockey Federation | Philippe Gaydoul | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 7 | 6 | [51] |
Thailand | April 27, 1989 | Ice Hockey Association of Thailand | Phisan Xupravatti | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [52] |
Turkey | May 1, 1991 | Turkish Ice Hockey Federation | Akin Kilavuz | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 41 | 31 | [53] |
Ukraine | May 6, 1992 | Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine | Anatoliy Brezvin | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 22 | — | [54] |
United Arab Emirates | May 10, 2001 | UAE Ice Hockey Association | Ahmed Mubarak Al-Mazrouei | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 47 | — | [55] |
United States | April 26, 1920 | USA Hockey | DeGregorio, RonRon DeGregorio | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 4 | 1 | [56] |
^ A. Austria was expelled from the IIHF in 1920, then re-admitted on January 24, 1924. It was again expelled in 1939 and re-admitted on April 27, 1946.[57]
^ B. The IIHF recognizes Bohemia, which joined in 1908, and Czechoslovakia as the predecessors to the Czech Republic, which officially became a member in 1993.
^ C. Germany was expelled in 1920, then re-admitted on January 11, 1926. It was again expelled on April 27, 1946. West Germany and East Germany were admitted into the IIHF in 1951 and 1954, respectively. Following their reunification, Germany was re-admitted into the IIHF on October 3, 1990.[58]
^ D. In 1940, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were annexed by the Soviet Union. Their membership expired on April 27, 1946. The three nations were re-admitted into the IIHF on May 6, 1992.[59][60][61]
^ E. Japan was expelled from the IIHF on April 27, 1946, then re-admitted on March 10, 1951.[62]
^ F. The IIHF recognizes the Soviet Union, which joined in 1952, as the predecessor to Russia, which officially became a member in 1992.
^ G. The IIHF recognizes Yugoslavia, which joined in 1939, as the predecessor to Serbia, which officially became a member on September 28, 2006.
^ H. Armenia was suspended by the IIHF on April 2010, for use of ineligible players on their national team that participated in the 2010 IIHF World Championship Division III Group B in Yerevan, Armenia.[63]
IIHF Associate Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Men's Ranking |
Women's Ranking |
Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andorra | May 4, 1995 | Andorran Federation of Ice Sports | Imma Ribes Sagues | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [64] |
Armenia[H] | September 22, 1999 | Ice Hockey Federation of Armenia | Samvel Zakharyan | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [65] |
Argentina | May 31, 1998 | Argentine Association of Ice and In-Line Hockey | Hector Iannicelli | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [66] |
Brazil | June 26, 1984 | Brazilian Ice Sports Federation | Emilio Strapasson | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [67] |
Greece | April 29, 1987 | Hellenic Ice Sports Federation | Christos Chatziathanassiou | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | 49 | — | [68] |
Indonesia | May 19, 2016 | Federasi Hoki Es Indonesia | Joko Widodo | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [69] |
Jamaica | May 18, 2012 | Jamaican Olympic Ice Hockey Federation | Edmond L. Phillipps Jr. | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [70] |
Kuwait | May 8, 2009 | Kuwait Ice Hockey Association | Fahad Hamad Al-Ajmi | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [71] |
Kyrgyzstan | May 14, 2011 | Ice Hockey Federation of the Kyrgyz Republic | Anvar Omorkanov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [72] |
Liechtenstein | October 4, 2001 | Liechtenstein Ice Hockey Federation | Michael Zanghellini | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [73] |
Macau | May 12, 2005 | Macau Ice Sports Federation | Andrew Chan Chak Mo | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [74] |
Macedonia | October 4, 2001 | Macedonian Ice Hockey Federation | Nikola Tasev | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [75] |
Malaysia | September 28, 2006 | Malaysia Ice Hockey Federation | Dato Lee Hwa Beng | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [76] |
Moldova | May 21, 2008 | National Ice Hockey Federation of Moldova | Andrei Gargalic | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [77] |
Morocco | May 22, 2010 | Royal Moroccan Ice Hockey Federation | Khalid Mrini | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [78] |
Nepal | May 19, 2016 | Nepal Ice Hockey Association | Lok Bahadur Shahi | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [79] |
Oman | May 24, 2014 | Oman Ice Sports Committee | Anad Al-Balushi | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [80] |
Philippines | May 19, 2016 | Federation of Hockey League in the Philippines | Christopher G. Sy | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [81] |
Portugal | May 13, 1999 | Federation of Portuguese Ice Sports | José Pinheiro de Almeida | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [82] |
Singapore | May 2, 1996 | Singapore Ice Hockey Association | James Kodrowski | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [83] |
Turkmenistan | May 15, 2015 | National Center of Turkmenistan for Winter Sports | Sergei Vakhitov | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | — | — | [84] |
IIHF Affiliate Members
Nation | Date joined | Organization | President | Teams | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chile | September 22, 1999 | National Association of Hockey on Ice and Inline | Nicolas Gomez Bermeosolo | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | [85] |
Namibia | May 31, 1998 | Namibia Ice and InLine Hockey Association | Holger Mentzel | M · M-U20 · M-U18 · W · W-U18 · inline | [86] |
Former IIHF Members
Nation | Date joined IIHF | Date left IIHF | Reason |
---|---|---|---|
Bohemia | November 15, 1908[87] | 1920[88] | Membership rights transferred to the newly established Czechoslovakia |
Czechoslovakia | 1920[88] | December 31, 1992[89] | Membership rights transferred to the Czech Republic |
East Germany | June 9, 1954[58] | October 3, 1990[58] | Reunification of East and West Germany |
West Germany | March 10, 1951[58] | October 3, 1990[58] | Reunification of East and West Germany, membership transferred to Germany |
Soviet Union | April 1, 1952 | May 6, 1992[90] | Membership rights transferred to Russia |
Yugoslavia | January 1, 1939 | December 31, 1992[89] | Membership rights transferred to Serbia after split of Yugoslavia |
Notes
- ↑ "It all started in Paris, 1908". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved 1 March 2009.
- ↑ "Members". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Australia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Austria". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Azerbaijan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Belarus". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Belgium". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Bosnia & Herzegovina". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Bulgaria". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Canada". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "China". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Chinese Taipei". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Croatia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Czech Republic". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Denmark". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Estonia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Finland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "France". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Georgia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Germany". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Great Britain". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Hong Kong". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Hungary". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Iceland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "India". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Ireland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Israel". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Italy". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Japan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kazakhstan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "DPR Korea". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Korea". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Latvia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Lithuania". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Luxembourg". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Mexico". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Mongolia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Netherlands". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "New Zealand". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Norway". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Poland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Qatar". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Romania". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Russia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Serbia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Slovakia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Slovenia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "South Africa". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Spain". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Sweden". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Switzerland". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Thailand". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Turkey". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Ukraine". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "United Arab Emirates". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "United States". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, pp. 53–54
- 1 2 3 4 5 Podnieks 2010, pp. 67–69
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 70
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 89
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, p. 94
- ↑ Podnieks 2010, pp. 92–93
- ↑ "Welcome Morocco". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2010-05-22.
- ↑ "Andorra". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Armenia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Argentina". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Brazil". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Greece". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Indonesia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Jamaica". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kuwait". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Kyrgyzstan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Liechtenstein". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Macau". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "FYR Macedonia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Malaysia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Moldova". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Morocco". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Nepal". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Oman". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Philippines". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Portugal". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Singapore". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Turkmenistan". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Chile". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "Namibia". International Ice Hockey Federation. 2016-07-20.
- ↑ "1908-1913". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- 1 2 "1914-1933". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- 1 2 "1990-today". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
- ↑ Szemberg, Szymon; Podnieks, Andrew (2008). "Story #42: Breakup of old Europe creates a new hockey world". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
References
- Podnieks, Andrew, ed. (2010). IIHF Media Guide & Record Book 2011. Nordmark, Birger (contributing editor). Toronto: Moydart Press. ISBN 978-0-9867964-0-1.
External links
- Official website of the International Ice Hockey Federation