List of political self-immolations

This is a list of notable self-immolations done for political reasons. Non-political self-immolations are not included in the list. Self-immolation has become an increasingly used protest tactic among Tibetans protesting rule of Tibet by China^[1] and Arabs against various Arab governments.^[2]

List

1960s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
June 11, 1963	Đức, Thích QuảngThích Quảng Đức	66	South Vietnam	Persecution of Buddhists by government of Ngô Đình Diệm	Led to several other monks and nuns committing the same act before Diệm was toppled. The photo, photographed by Malcolm Browne, became well-associated with his political protest.
January 25, 1964	Chinnasami	27	India	For preservation of the Tamil language	Inspired 5 other self-immolations.[3]
March 16, 1965	Herz, AliceAlice Herz	82	United States	Vietnam War	Women Strike for Peace.
November 2, 1965	Morrison, NormanNorman Morrison	31	United States	Vietnam War	Committed act in front of preschool-aged daughter.[4]
November 9, 1965	LaPorte, Roger AllenRoger Allen LaPorte	22	United States	Vietnam War	Catholic Worker.[5]
July 12, 1966	Liangqing, Liangqing	70	China	Destruction of the Famen Temple	Buddhist monk[6]
May 16, 1967	Nhất Chi MaiNhất Chi Mai	34	South Vietnam	Vietnam War	[7]
October 15, 1967	Beaumont, FlorenceFlorence Beaumont	55	United States	Vietnam War	[8]
November 12, 1967	Yui Chunoshin	73	Japan	Vietnam War	Esperantist.[9][10][11]
September 8, 1968	Siwiec, RyszardRyszard Siwiec	59	Poland	Poland's participation in Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968)	Died in hospital four days later.
November 5, 1968	Makukh, VasylVasyl Makukh	40	Soviet Union	Soviet rule in Ukraine	[12]
January 16, 1969	Palach, JanJan Palach	20	Czechoslovakia	Communist rule in Czechoslovakia	Student. Inspired a number of self-immolations in protest of Soviet satellite states.
January 20, 1969	Bauer, SándorSándor Bauer	17	Hungary	Communist rule in Hungary	[13]
February 25, 1969	Zajíc, JanJan Zajíc	19	Czechoslovakia	Communist rule in Czechoslovakia	Student.
April 2, 1969	Plocek, EvženEvžen Plocek	39	Czechoslovakia	Communist rule in Czechoslovakia	Businessman.
April 9, 1969	Rips, EliyahuEliyahu Rips	20	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Czechoslovakia	Survived, became professor of mathematics.
May 30, 1969	Mayrock, BruceBruce Mayrock	20	United States	Genocide against Biafra in the Nigerian Civil War	Columbia University student. Died in hospital several hours later.

1970s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
February 13, 1970	Moyses, MártonMárton Moyses	28	Romania	Communist rule in Romania
May 10, 1970	Winne, Jr., GeorgeGeorge Winne, Jr.	23	United States	Vietnam War	Student at the University of California, San Diego. Died the next day.[14]
September 19, 1970	Georgakis, KostasKostas Georgakis	22	Greece	Military rule in Greece	Student at the University of Genoa
September 19, 1970	Elosegi, JosebaJoseba Elosegi	54	Spain	Bombing of Guernica in 1937	Survived
November 13, 1970	Tae-il, JeonJeon Tae-il	22	South Korea	For more robust labour laws and the government's opposition to reform
May 14, 1972	Kalanta, RomasRomas Kalanta	19	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Lithuania	Inspired largest post-war riots in occupied Lithuania and USSR, and 13 other self-immolations
June 6, 1972	Gaulin, HuguetteHuguette Gaulin	28	Canada		[15]
August 10, 1976	Kalinauskas, AntanasAntanas Kalinauskas	19	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Lithuania	In Soviet Army barracks in Gulbene, Latvia. Died next day.
August 22, 1976	Brüsewitz, OskarOskar Brüsewitz	46	East Germany	Communist rule in East Germany	Lutheran pastor
February 10, 1977	Escoffier, AlainAlain Escoffier	27	France	Communism
November 16, 1977	Gründler, HartmutHartmut Gründler	37	West Germany	Atomic policy
January 21, 1978	Hirnyk, OleksaOleksa Hirnyk	65	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Ukraine
June 23, 1978	Mamut, MusaMusa Mamut	46	Soviet Union	Persecution of Crimean Tatars	Died after five days[16]
October 3, 1978	Phillips, LynetteLynette Phillips	24	Switzerland	Social protest	Lynette Phillips had previously planned to burn herself to death outside the British Houses of Parliament in London, but upon receiving word of this, British authorities deported her. She changed her plan and decided to self-immolate outside the United Nations headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. She protested against "inhumanity, injustice and irrationality prevalent in our society". She died on the spot.[17]

1980s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
March 21, 1981	Arosenius, Per-AxelPer-Axel Arosenius	60	Sweden	Taxes
August 10, 1982	Penik, ArtinArtin Penik	61	Turkey	ASALA attack at Esenboğa International Airport
November 2, 1983	Acevedo, SebastiánSebastián Acevedo		Chile	Kidnapping of his children by the Chilean police during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet	[18]
March 2, 1989	Babeş, Liviu CornelLiviu Cornel Babeş	47	Romania	Communist rule in Romania	[19] Set himself on fire on ski slope, died at hospital two hours later.
March 2, 1989	Vičiulis, VytautasVytautas Vičiulis	37	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Lithuania
March 24, 1989	Pawar, KailashKailash Pawar		India	To draw attention to plight of Bhopal gas victims and protest public indifference	[20] Original story published in The Hindu, March 26, 1990.
April 7, 1989	Nan-jung, ChengCheng Nan-jung	41	Taiwan	For freedom of speech and Taiwan independence
May 19, 1989	I-hua, ChanChan I-hua	32	Taiwan	For freedom of speech and Taiwan independence	During funeral procession of Cheng Nan-jung[21]

1990s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
April 26, 1990	Žemaitis, StanislovasStanislovas Žemaitis	52	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Lithuania	Protesting Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania. Died next day in Moscow hospital.
April 29, 1990	Park, SungheeSunghee Park	19	South Korea	Political situation in South Korea	Self-immolated during students' protest against the South Korean regime. Died May 19, 1991.
May 9, 1990	Daugintis, RimantasRimantas Daugintis	55	Soviet Union	Communist rule in Lithuania	Lithuanian sculptor self-immolated on Hungarian-Soviet border. Died after a few days.
September 19, 1990	Goswami, RajivRajiv Goswami	19	India	Reservation in India	Survived.[22]
October 14, 1990	Klingchuea, ThanawutThanawut Klingchuea	20	Thailand	Government of Chatichai Choonhavan	Ramkhamhaeng University student[23]
February 18, 1991	Levey, GregoryGregory Levey	30	United States	Gulf War	Amherst Common, MA.[24]
September 21, 1991	Abesadze, GiorgiGiorgi Abesadze	35	Georgia	Looming civil war in Georgia	Physician[25]
April 29, 1993	Bamford, GrahamGraham Bamford	48	United Kingdom	War in Bosnia and Herzegovina	'The British army must not be a guard of honor at a mass funeral. Bosnian babies, children, and womenfolk are waiting for the politicians to do what they know they should - give them military protection.'[26]
February 21, 1994	Darabi, HomaHoma Darabi	54	Iran	Women's rights after the Iranian Revolution	Biography Rage Against the Veil written by sister Parvin Darabi
April 25, 1995	Elstner, ReinholdReinhold Elstner	75	Germany	Demonization of German soldiers after World War II
September 3, 1995	Kratze, SabineSabine Kratze	25	Vietnam	Trial of six Buddhist monks
October 22, 1996	Change, KathyKathy Change	46	United States	For directly democratic community-based self-government
January 13, 1998	Ormando, AlfredoAlfredo Ormando	29	Italy	Roman Catholic Church's condemnation of homosexuality
April 27, 1998	Ngodup, ThuptenThupten Ngodup	60	India	Political situation in Tibet	Ex-monk. In protest of police interference with unto-death hunger-strike in Delhi. Died two days later in hospital after visit by the Dalai Lama.[27][28][29]
February 16, 1999	Coşkun, NeclaNecla Coşkun	14	United Kingdom	Arrest of Abdullah Öcalan	Survived.[30]

2000s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
January 21, 2001	various	–	China	See Tiananmen Square self-immolation incident	[31]
April 2, 2001	Kayani, ShahrazShahraz Kayani	48	Australia	Government refusal to grant entry to his wife and daughters	Pakistani refugee[32]
June 23, 2003	Hassani, NedaNeda Hassani	26	United Kingdom	Raid on and arrest of members of the People's Mujahedin of Iran	In front of the French embassy in London. Died on the spot. There were at least 4 other self-immolations protesting the same.[33]
July 21, 2004	Cohen, Mordehai (Hamimo)Mordehai (Hamimo) Cohen	30	Israel	Rejection of work license	Set himself on fire during a City Hall assembly[34]
August 17, 2005	Businov, YelenaYelena Businov	54	Israel	Protest against Israel's unilateral disengagement plan	[35]
August 31, 2005	Ben Menahem, BaruchBaruch Ben Menahem	21	Israel	Protest against Israel's unilateral disengagement plan	[36]
March 28, 2006	Fortulaki, EleftheriyaEleftheriya Fortulaki		Greece	Treatment of Kurds in Turkey	[37]
November 3, 2006	Ritscher, MalachiMalachi Ritscher	52	United States	War in Iraq	Died at the scene.[38]
June 11, 2006	Joshi, PravinPravin Joshi	30	India	Screening of Fanaa	Died 9 days later.[39]
October 31, 2006	Weisselberg, RolandRoland Weisselberg	73	Germany	Spread of Islam	Former Lutheran pastor self-immolated in a monastery in Erfurt. Died the following day.[40]
March 7, 2007	Bhandari, UddhavUddhav Bhandari	40	United Kingdom	Asylum policy	Nepali asylum seeker[41]
April 1, 2007	Se-uk, HeoHeo Se-uk	54	South Korea	South Korea – United States Free Trade Agreement	[42]
October 1, 2008	Tapia, Ramiro GuillénRamiro Guillén Tapia	65	Mexico	Local government in the city of Xalapa	[43]
January 29, 2009	Muthukumar, KumarKumar Muthukumar	26	India	Killing of the Sri Lankan Tamils	Inspired several other self-immolations[44]
February 12, 2009	Varnakulasingham, MurugathasanMurugathasan Varnakulasingham	26	Switzerland	Killing of the Sri Lankan Tamils	Inspired several other self-immolations[45]
February 27, 2009	Tapey	mid-20s	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk, Kirti Monastery, Ngaba. Shot[46] by Chinese police while on fire, and then taken away by them. Status unknown.[46]
November 13, 2009	Fu-zhen, TangTang Fu-zhen	47	China	Forced demolition of her home	Died on November 29.[47]
December 3, 2009	Srikanth Chary, KasojuKasoju Srikanth Chary	24	India	For statehood of Telangana	Died on December 4.[48]

2010s

Date	Name	Age	Country	Protesting	Notes and references
February 20, 2010	Yadaiah, SiripurSiripur Yadaiah	19	India	For statehood of Telangana	Student. Self immolated at the main gate of Osmania University, Hyderabad. Died the next day in hospital.[49][50]
July 31, 2010	Reddy, EshanEshan Reddy	20's	India	For statehood of Telangana	Student; set himself on fire as an offering for a deity for the cause of statehood.[51]
September 10, 2010	Zhongcheng, YeYe Zhongcheng	79	China	Forced demolition of their home	Zhongcheng self-immolated with two family members and died on September 18.[52]
December 17, 2010	Bouazizi, MohamedMohamed Bouazizi	26	Tunisia	Corruption in government	Inspired the Tunisian revolution leading to ouster of President Ben Ali and further revolutions of the Arab Spring. Died January 4, 2011.[53]
January 16, 2011	Reddy, VenugopalaVenugopala Reddy	20's	India	For statehood of Telangana	MCA student immolated himself near his university auditorium,died on the spot.[54]
January 16, 2011	Bouterfif, MohsenMohsen Bouterfif	–	Algeria	Unemployment and housing	Inspired by Bouazizi's self-immolation in Tunisia.[55]
January 16, 2011	Bhavani, Bhavani	18	India	For statehood of Telangana	[56]
January 17, 2011	Dahoud, Yacoub OuldYacoub Ould Dahoud	43	Mauritania	Political situation in Mauritania	[57]
February 21, 2011	Mustafa, MohdMohd Mustafa	40	India	For statehood of Telangana	[58]
March 16, 2011	Phuntsog, RigzinRigzin Phuntsog	21	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Beaten by police before they extinguished the flames. Died in hospital.[59][60][61]
June 15, 2011	Ball, Thomas JamesThomas James Ball	58	United States	Father's rights and family court injustice	Self immolated on the steps of a family courthouse in New Hampshire. Died on the spot.[62]
August 15, 2011	Norbu, TsewangTsewang Norbu	29	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Nyitso monastery in Kham Tawu. In Tawu. Died soon afterwards.[59][61][63]
August 28, 2011	Senkodi, Senkodi	27	India	Convictions in the Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi case	A Tamil woman immolated herself in front of a tahsil office at Kanchipuram to protest death sentences of A. G. Perarivalan, V. Sriharan (alias Murugan), and T. Suthendraraja (alias Santhan). She died the same day.[64]
September 16, 2011	Polyzonis, ApostolosApostolos Polyzonis	55	Greece	European sovereign-debt crisis	Man set himself on fire in front of a bank in Thessaloniki.[65]
September 26, 2011	Kunchok, LobsangLobsang Kunchok	18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Set fire to himself, together with Lobsang Kelsang.[61][66]
September 26, 2011	Kelsang, LobsangLobsang Kelsang	18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Set fire to himself, together with Lobsang Kunchok.[61][67]
October 3, 2011	Wangchuk, KelsangKelsang Wangchuk	17	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Beaten and taken away by security personnel.[68]
October 7, 2011	Kayang, Kayang	17	China	Political situation in Tibet	Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Clasped hands with Choepel; died.[61][69]
October 7, 2011	Choepel, Choepel	19	China	Political situation in Tibet	Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Clasped hands with Kayang; died.[61][70] China Daily reported they were "slightly injured".[71]
October 15, 2011	Damdrul, NorbuNorbu Damdrul	19	China	Political situation in Tibet	Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Kicked and removed from scene by authorities. Current status unknown.[61][72]
October 17, 2011	Wangmo, TenzinTenzin Wangmo	20	China	Political situation in Tibet	Nun of Mame Dechen Chokorling. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died.[61][73]
October 21, 2011	Wang, Wang	42	China	Legal inequalities in China	At Tiananmen Square, Beijing. Taken to hospital by police; evidence at scene erased immediately.[61][74]
October 26, 2011	Tsering, DawaDawa Tsering	38	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kardze Monastery. In Kardze, Amdo. Current status unknown.[61][75]
November 3, 2011	Choetso, PaldenPalden Choetso	35	China	Political situation in Tibet	Nun in Tawu, Kardze. Reported deceased by Xinhua.[61][76][77]
November 4, 2011	Tsedor, SherabSherab Tsedor	25	China	Political situation in Tibet	Layperson. Outside Chinese embassy in New Delhi. Overpowered by police and hospitalized with minor burns.[78][79][80]
November 11, 2011	Gebre, YenesewYenesew Gebre	29	Ethiopia	Corruption of dictatorship government	Inspired by Bouazizi's self-immolation in Tunisia.[81]
December 1, 2011	Phuntsok, TenzinTenzin Phuntsok	46[82]	China	Political situation in Tibet	Ex-monk, Karma Monastery, Chamdo.[83][84] Died on December 6, 2011, in Chamdo Hospital in Tibet[82] Reported in China Daily, as a "farmer" who "is considered eccentric".[85]
December 7, 2011	Hutagalung, SondangSondang Hutagalung	22	Indonesia	Disputed	[86]
January 6, 2012	Tennyi, Tennyi	Around 20	China	Political situation in Tibet	[87]
January 6, 2012	Tsultrim, Tsultrim	Around 20	China	Political situation in Tibet	[88]
January 8, 2012	Sopa Tulku/Wangyal, SonamSonam Wangyal	42	China	Political situation in Tibet	[89][90]
January 14, 2012	Losang, JamyangJamyang Losang	20s	China	Political situation in Tibet	Former monk of Andu monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Deceased.[91]
February 3, 2012	Tsering, TsaptaiTsaptai Tsering, Kyarel, Kyarel, and unknown name	60, 30, unknown	China	Political situation in Tibet	Three laypersons. In Serthar. Incident published in several places, but unconfirmed.[92][93]
February 8, 2012	Dorje, RigzinRigzin Dorje (Rinzin)	Around 18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Former monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died February 21 in hospital.[94]
February 9, 2012	Rabyang, SonamSonam Rabyang	30s	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Lab Monastery. In Tridu town, Yushu County, Kham. Taken to hospital; condition unclear.[95]
February 11, 2012	Choedron, TenzinTenzin Choedron	18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Nun of Mame Dechen Chokorling. In Ngaba, Amdo. Taken away by soldiers and police, and died shortly afterward.[96][97]
February 13, 2012	Gyatso, LobsangLobsang Gyatso	19	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Current status unknown.[98][99]
March 4, 2012	Rinchen, Rinchen	32	China	Political situation in Tibet	Occupation unknown. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[100]
March 5, 2012	Dorje, Dorje (Dorjee)	18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Occupation unknown. In Ngaba, Amdo. Deceased.[101]
March 10, 2012	Gapey, Gapey (Gepey)	18	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[102]
March 13, 2012	Palden, JamyangJamyang Palden	30s	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Rongpo monastery, Rebkong, Amdo. Current status unknown.[103]
March 16, 2012	Tsultrim, LobsangLobsang Tsultrim	20	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery. In Ngaba, Amdo. Died in custody.[104]
March 17, 2012	Thargyal, SonamSonam Thargyal (Dargye, Dhargay)	44	China	Political situation in Tibet	Farmer in Rebkong, Amdo. Died on the spot.[105][106]
March 24, 2012	Naik, L BhojaL Bhoja Naik	21	India	For statehood of Telangana	MBA student set himself on fire in front of his college. Died on the spot.[107]
March 26, 2012	Yeshi, JampelJampel Yeshi	20	India	Political situation in Tibet	Layperson in Delhi. Died 2 days later in hospital.[108][109]
March 26, 2012	Rajmouli	40	India	For statehood of Telangana	[110][111]
March 26, 2012	Goud, B.R.B.R. Goud	n/a	India	For statehood of Telangana	[110]
March 27, 2012	Pallavi, Pallavi	17	India	For statehood of Telangana	Later died in hospital.[112]
March 27, 2012	Ilaiah, KalakanchiKalakanchi Ilaiah	30	India	For statehood of Telangana	Scrap dealer.[113]
March 28, 2012	Uppalaiah, KK Uppalaiah	30	India	For statehood of Telangana	[114]
March 28, 2012	Sherab, LobsangLobsang Sherab	20	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Kirti Monastery.[115] In Ngaba, Amdo. Died on the spot.[116][117]
March 28, 2012	Srikanth, SripuramSripuram Srikanth	23	India	For statehood of Telangana	Died on March 30 at the Osmania General Hospital.[118]
March 30, 2012	Dhargyal, TenpaTenpa Dhargyal (Darjey)	22	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Tsodun monastery, Barkham, Amdo. Forcibly removed to hospital by Chinese security forces. Current status unknown.[119][120]
March 30, 2012	Palden, ChimeyChimey Palden (Chime)	21	China	Political situation in Tibet	Monk of Tsodun monastery, Barkham, Amdo. Forcibly removed to hospital by Chinese security forces.[120][121] Died later that day around midnight.[122]
March 30, 2012	Shankar, ShyamapuriShyamapuri Shankar	24	India	For statehood of Telangana	[123]
March 30, 2012	Suresh, BandavathBandavath Suresh	25	India	For statehood of Telangana	Suffered 50% burns.[124]
May 27, 2012	Tseten, DorjeeDorjee Tseten and Dargye	19 & 25	China	Political situation in Tibet	In front of the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa[125]
July 14, 2012	Silman, MosheMoshe Silman	57	Israel	Social justice march in Tel Aviv	Social justice activist, suffered 90% burns.[126] Died of his wounds on July 20 in an Israeli hospital.[127]
July 16, 2012	Vaknin, ZionZion Vaknin[128]	46	Israel	Social injustice protest	At Beersheba's city hall, in protest of debts.[129]
July 18, 2012	Gerasimovna, ValentinaValentina Gerasimovna	57	Russia		A woman attempted self-immolation at the public reception center of the ruling United Russia party in Novosibirsk. She earlier addressed the party's public reception center for legal advice as an apartment buyer.[130][131] Died in a hospital.[132]
July 20, 2012	Mafi, AkivaAkiva Mafi	45	Israel	Social injustice protest	Akiva Mafi[133] (45) Disabled IDF veteran sets himself on fire in Yehud, on behalf of wounded veterans.[134][135] Died August 1, 2012.[136] New agency established to prevent more cases.
July 30, 2012	Đặng Thị Kim Liêng	64	Vietnam	Against 2011 crackdown on Vietnamese youth activists[137]	Tạ Phong Tần's mother. Set herself on fire in the early morning, died en route to the hospital in the afternoon of the same Monday.[138]
February 18, 2013	Marechkov, TrayanTrayan Marechkov	26	Bulgaria	Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests	Died on the spot, at a central crossroads, in front of the central office of a private bank in Veliko Tarnovo.[139][140]
February 20, 2013	Goranov, PlamenPlamen Goranov	36	Bulgaria	Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests against the Borisov cabinet	Protested corruption and monopolies,[141] and demanded the resignation of Varna's mayor Kiril Yordanov and the Municipal Council.[142] Mountain climber and photographer. Set himself alight in front of the Varna municipality. Died 11 days later in hospital.[143][144]
February 26, 2013	Vasilev, VentzislavVentzislav Vasilev	53	Bulgaria	Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests	Father of five.[145] Set himself on fire in Radnevo. Died in hospital two weeks later.
March 13, 2013	Dimitrov, DimitarDimitar Dimitrov	51	Bulgaria	Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests	Set himself on fire in front of the Presidential Palace in Sofia. Hospitalized with life-threatening injuries.[146][147]
March 20, 2013	Yovchev, TodorTodor Yovchev	40	Bulgaria	Part of the 2013 Bulgarian protests	Died on March 22[148]
May 24, 2013	Indarathana, BowatteBowatte Indarathana	30	Sri Lanka	Against the slaughtering of cattle and forced conversion of Buddhists to other religions in Sri Lanka[149]
June 20, 2014	Hoang, ThuThu Hoang	71	United States		Apparent protest by a Vietnamese man of a Chinese state-owned oil rig being placed into waters contested by Vietnam in the South China Sea [150]
June 23, 2014	Moore, Charles R.Charles R. Moore	79	United States	Social injustice[151]	Set himself alight in a strip mall parking lot, died upon arrival at hospital.
November 3, 2014	Petrova, LidiaLidia Petrova	38	Bulgaria	Social injustice protest	In Sofia. Her motives for self-immolation currently remains unknown. She died a few days later.
March 14, 2015	Asakere, YounesYounes Asakere	34	Iran	Discrimination of Ahwazi Arabs	Self-immolated after local authorities confiscated his vendor stall in Khorramshahr. Died on March 22.[152] Inspired a mass protest which resulted in arrests of some 1,000 people and further self-immolations.[153]
August 12, 2015	Yeon-yeol, ChoiChoi Yeon-yeol	80	South Korea	Japanese colonization of Korea and military conduct during WWII[154]	Set himself on fire in a flower bed near the Japanese embassy in Seoul during an anti-Japan protest by "comfort women" (survivors of WWII Japanese military brothels). Injuries sustained were not life-threatening. Condition Pending.[155]
October 18, 2015	Amini, KhodayarKhodayar Amini	30	Australia	Australian refugee policy	He self-immolated in Melbourne during a video call to his advocates.[156]
October 24, 2015	Bektibaev, ErlanErlan Bektibaev	20	Kazakhstan	Social injustice protest	Doused himself with gasoline and set himself on fire on October 24 in front of the Taraz headquarters of the ruling Nur Otan party in Taraz. Bektibayev was rushed to hospital, but later died of his burns.
April 27, 2016	Masoumali, OmidOmid Masoumali	23	Nauru	Australian refugee policy	Iranian refugee self-immolated at an Australian refugee detention camp during a visit to the camp by representatives of a UNHCR fundraising arm (Australia For UNHCR) who told the refugees to expect to remain on Nauru for "another ten years".[157] After more than 24 hours without adequate medical attention he was airlifted by private contractor to Brisbane, Australia where he died on 29 April 2016 from his burns.[158]
May 2, 2016	Yasi, HodanHodan Yasi	21	Nauru	Australian refugee policy	In Australian Refugee Detention camp. Woman from Somalia (variously referred to as Hadon/Hodan and Yasin/Yasi) was airlifted from Nauru to Brisbane[159] but her condition as at late May 2016 is shrouded in secrecy. It seems she may still be alive, since her death would have to be reported under Queensland Law and an inquest into her death held as she would be deemed to be a "Death in Custody" had she died.

See also

• 2011 Algerian self-immolations
• Self-immolation protests by Tibetans in China

References

1. Sharon LaFraniere, More Monks Die by Fire in Protest of Beijing, New York Times, January 9, 2012
2. Nada Bakri, Self-Immolation Is on the Rise in the Arab World, New York Times, January 20, 2012.
3. Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
4. "The Pacifists". Time Magazine, November 12, 1965; accessed July 23, 2007.
5. Buckley, Thomas. "Man, 22, Immolates Himself In Antiwar Protest at U.N." New York Times (1857–Current file); November 10, 1965; ProQuest Historical Newspapers search( New York Times (1851–2004)).
6. "Chinese Author Hu Ping Analyses Tibet Self-Immolation Actions". The Tibet Post International. 20 August 2012. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
7. Thomas Merton and Thich Nhat Hanh. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
8. "BBC ON THIS DAY - 10/16/1967: Joan Baez arrested in Vietnam protest". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
9. 明日への葬列—60年代反権力闘争に斃れた10人の遺志 - 高橋和巳 編集、合同出版 1970年
10. "Bush's brutal war stirs memories of Vietnam - The Japan Times". The Japan Times. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
11. Japan 1968: The Performance of Violence and the Theater of Protest(AHR)
12. uk:Макух Василь Омелянович
13. Tom Vlek. "Sndor Bauer: TOTALITA". Retrieved December 20, 2014.
14. Keen, H. "San Diego student who set self afire in war protest dies", Los Angeles Times, May 12, 1970
15. Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada. google.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
16. Soviet Disunion. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
17. An heiress dies. The Age.
18. "Tribute to Sebastián Acevedo". Guanaco17.blogspot.com. November 2, 2007. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
19. "Povestea eroului care a protestat împotriva comunismului dându-şi foc pe pârtia Bradul". Adevarul.ro. March 1, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
20. "The Death of Kailash Pawar". May 5, 2010. Retrieved April 8, 2012.
21. "Independence. Rise. Chan I-hua". Liberty Times. Taiwan (ROC). Retrieved December 2, 2009.
22. Politics After Television. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
23. Chanthasrikum, Bundit (December 19, 2013). รำลึก'ธนาวุฒิ คลิ้งเชื้อ' [Remembering 'Thanawut Klingchuea']. Kom-Chad-Luek (in Thai). Retrieved 17 August 2014.
24. Verhovek, Sam Howe (1991-02-20). "Amherst Journal; Candles in the Snow Honor Suffering". New York Times. Retrieved 2016-09-19.
25. Russetsky, Alexander et al. (2004), South Caucasus Institute of Regional Security Activity Report, p. 50. South Caucasus Institute of Regional Security; accessed July 1, 2012.
26. Chris Mathieu. "I LOVE BOSNIA". bosniavolimte.blogspot.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
27. "Biography of the late Thubten Ngodup". Tibet.ca. April 29, 1998. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
28. "April 30th". WryBread.com. April 30, 1998. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
29. P. V. Unnikrishnan, India disasters report, towards a policy initiative, Oxford University Press, 2000; ISBN 0-19-565029-8, page 270: "Dissent as a Streak of Fire On April 27, 1998 when a 60-year-old former monk immolated himself after a prolonged hunger strike by six of his Tibetan Youth Congress (TYC) colleagues in Delhi. The demand: UN intervention in Tibet."
30. Biggs, Michael (2005). "Dying Without Killing: Self-Immolations, 1963–2002" (PDF). In Diego Gambetta. Making Sense of Suicide Missions. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-929797-9.
31. Sunderland, Judith. (2002). From the Household to the Factory: China's campaign against Falungong. Human Rights Watch; ISBN 1-56432-269-6
32. "Immigration Department guilty of mal-administration: Ombudsman". Australia: ABC. August 23, 2001. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
33. Vasagar, Jeevan (24 June 2003). "Parents mourn 'brave girl' who set herself on fire in memory of uncle". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
34. "Hamimo Cohen sets himself on fire". NRG. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
35. "For the land she loved to death". Haaretz.com. August 30, 2005. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
36. "ynet מת מפצעיו הצעיר שהצית עצמו בגלל ההתנתקות - חדשות". ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved December 20, 2014.
37. 30, 2006,id=27353960 «Ελεύθερο Κουρδιστάν ή θάνατος...», Elefterotypia, March 30, 2006
38. "Activist's Fiery Death Prompts Questions". Associated Press. November 27, 2006. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
39. "Fanaa: man who immolates dies". The Hindu. Chennai, India. June 21, 2006. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
40. Fleishman, Jeffrey (December 28, 2006). "Pastor's fiery protest mystifies many". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
41. "BBC NEWS - UK - Scotland - Glasgow and West - Fire protest asylum seeker dies". Retrieved December 20, 2014.
42. "Man who immolated himself in protest of FTA dies". Retrieved December 20, 2014.
43. "Mexican farm leader dies after setting himself onfire". Fox News. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
44. "Last statement of Muthukumar". Tamilnet.com. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
45. Jones, Sam (February 19, 2009). "Tamil killed himself 'to guide others to liberation'". London, UK: guardian.co.uk. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
46. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Tapey". Savetibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
47. Cohen, Roger (January 25, 2010). "A Woman Burns". The New York Times.
48. TRS activist Srikanth cremated
49. "Telangana protestor succumbs to 80 pc burns". News18. February 21, 2010. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
50. Press Trust of India (February 21, 2010). "Student who set himself ablaze for Telangana cause dies". The Times of India.
51. "Student commits suicide for Telangana, Osmania Univ tense". dna. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
52. Xinhua News Agency (October 11, 2010). "Party officials removed after self-immolation protest". China.org.cn. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
53. "Bouazizi has become a Tunisian protest 'symbol'". The National. Retrieved January 14, 2011.
54. "Fresh Telangana stir over students death". indianexpress.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
55. "Algerian dies from self-immolation". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
56. "Student commits suicide for Telangana". rediff.com. October 2, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
57. Mauritanian man sets himself ablaze in capital, google.com; accessed May 7, 2015.
58. "Lensman attempts suicide". The Times of India. February 21, 2011.
59. (Spanish) China endurecerá la seguridad en las regiones tibetanas tras las inmolaciones- ABC
60. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Phuntsog". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
61. Self-Immolation Fact Sheet(Archived November 15, 2011, at WebCite)
62. "American Father Self-Immolates To Protest Against Family Courts". International Business Times. June 17, 2011.
63. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Tsewang Norbu". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
64. Shekhar, G.C. (August 28, 2011). "Suicide to stop hanging - Protests against Rajiv Killers' execution grow in tamil nadu". The Telegraph.
65. Why Apostolos Polyzonis set himself on fire in Greece, BBC, October 19, 2011.
66. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Lobsang Kunchok". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
67. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Lobsang Kelsang". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
68. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Kelsang Wangchuk". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
69. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Kayang". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
70. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Choepel". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
71. "Two Tibetans injured in self-immolation". China Daily. October 8, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
72. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Norbu Damdrul". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
73. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Tenzin Wangmo". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
74. Foster, Peter (November 16, 2011). "Chinese man sets himself on fire in Tiananmen Square". London, UK: The Telegraph. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
75. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Dawa Tsering". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
76. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Palden Choetso". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
77. "Dalai Lama Blames Chinese 'Cultural Genocide' for Self-Immolations". VOA. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
78. "AFP: Indian police halt Tibetan's self-immolation bid". Google. November 4, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
79. "Tibetan Sets Himself on Fire in Indian Capital". Voice of America. November 4, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
80. Burke, Jason (January 13, 2012). "Protesters' stories: Sherab Tsedor and Tibet". London, UK: Guardian UK. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
81. "Ethiopian man burns himself to death in protest". The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. Retrieved November 17, 2011.
82. "Tibetan Dies after Self Immolation in TAR". TCHRD. December 9, 2011. Retrieved December 9, 2011.
83. "A Former Monk Self Immolates in Chamdo". TCHRD.org. Retrieved December 2, 2011.
84. "First self-immolation in Tibet Autonomous Region; former monk sets himself on fire". SaveTibet.org. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
85. "Farmer in stable condition after setting himself on fire". China Daily. December 2, 2011. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
86. "Self-immolating student buried today". The Jakarta Post. December 17, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
87. "Self-Immolation Fact Sheet | International Campaign for Tibet". Savetibet.org. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
88. "Self-Immolation Fact Sheet". Savetibet.org. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
89. "Self-Immolation Fact Sheet". Savetibet.org. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
90. VOA Tibetan (January 9, 2012). "A Tibetan Lama Self-immolates in Golok Darlak". Voanews.com. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
91. "Self-Immolation Fact Sheet". Savetibet.org. Retrieved February 6, 2012.
92. Lafraniere, Sharon (February 5, 2012). "3 Tibetan Herders Self-Immolate in Anti-Chinese Protest". NYtimes. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
93. Wee, Sui-Lee (February 5, 2012). "Three Tibetans self-immolate in western China: report". Reuters. Retrieved March 30, 2012.
94. "Rigzin Dorje dies in hospital and Lobsang Kunchok's limbs amputated". Phayul.com. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
95. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Sonam Rabyang". International Campaign for Tibet. March 30, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
96. "Self-immolation Fact Sheet: Tenzin Choedron". SaveTibet.org. March 30, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
97. "18 year old nun Tenzin Choedron passes away". Phayul.com. February 13, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
98. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Lobsang Gyatso". International Campaign for Tibet. March 30, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
99. "Nineteen year old Kirti monk sets fire to himself in Ngaba". International Campaign for Tibet. February 13, 2012. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
101. "Tibetan Sets Himself on Fire in China". The Wall Street Journal. March 6, 2012.
102. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Gapey". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
103. "Tibetan Monk Self-Immolates in Western China", Associated Press/ABC News.
104. Phayul.com (March 16, 2012). "Yet Another Self-Immolation Marks a year of Fiery Protests", phayul.com
105. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Sonam Thargyal". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
106. "Farmer Dies in New Burning Protest". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
107. "Telangana erupts as activists take their own lives". Retrieved December 20, 2014.
108. "Tibetan dies from self-immolation in India before Hu visit". Reuters. March 28, 2012. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
109. "Tibetan lights self on fire at anti-China protest". Associated Press. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
110. Hindustan Times. "Another man dies for Telangana, TRS calls for shutdown". Hindustan Times. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
111. "AP: Suicide politics back on the boil". IBNLive. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
112. "One more suicide attempt for Telangana". IBNLive. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
113. "Two attempt suicide for Telangana". The Times of India. March 28, 2012.
114. "Another suicide for Telangana". IBNLive. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
115. "Fire rages on: Tibetan monk dies in fiery protest". Phayul.com. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
116. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Lobsang Sherab". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
117. "Kirti Monk Self-Immolates, Dies". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
118. Cities | Deccan Chronicle
119. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Tenpa Darjey". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
120. "Two More Monks Burn Themselves". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
121. "Tibet Immolation Factsheet - Chimey Palden". International Campaign for Tibet. Retrieved March 31, 2012.
122. "Self-immolation death toll rises to 24 in Tibet, Chimey Palden declared dead". Phayul.com. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
123. "Another youth attempts suicide for Telangana". The Times of India. April 1, 2012.
124. "Another suicide attempt by Telangana supporter". The Times of India. March 31, 2012.
125. Kanan, Mark (12 July 2012). "First Hand Account of Self-immolations in Lhasa by Taiwanese National". The Tibet Post International. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
126. "Social justice activist sets himself on fire in Tel Aviv". Jerusalem Post. July 14, 2012.
127. "Activist Silman who set self on fire dies of wounds". Jerusalem Post. July 20, 2012.
128. "mynet באר שבע - ציון וקנין מב"ש מספר למה ניסה להצית את עצמו". ynet. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
129. דרמה בב"ש: ניסה להצית עצמו מול בניין העיריה. ynetews (in Hebrew). July 16, 2012.
130. Investigators probe incitement to suicide in self-immolation attempt at United Russia public center in Novosibirsk (Part 2), interfax.com; accessed May 7, 2015.
131. "Police Probe Self-Immolation Act In Ruling Party's Office In Siberia". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
132. Novosibirsk self-immolation woman dies in hospital
133. "Disabled IDF veteran sets himself on fire in Yehud". Haaretz.com. July 22, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
134. He made that because of the social serives
135. Brother of the 45-year-old disabled veteran who self-immolated at Yehud bus stop tells Haaretz: "The army loves you three feet under, but doesn't love you when you're wounded."
136. Disabled veteran who set himself on fire dies Akiva Mafi'i, 45, who self-immolated at a bus stop in Yahud some 10 days ago, succumbs to wounds, ynetnews
137. "Vietnamese blogger's mother sets herself on fire as daughter faces trial". the Guardian. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
138. Kamila Shamsie (5 August 2012). "Vietnam's blog shame". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
139. 26-year-old Tarnovo resident sets himself on fire because of poverty, borbabg.com, February 20, 2013.(Bulgarian)
140. Stoyanova, Marieta. "Великотърновци почетоха паметта на самозапалилите се Пламен и Траян" (in Bulgarian). Darik News. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
141. Plamen Goranov protesting "Down with TIM" in the city of Varna note TIM being allegedly a major monopolist organisation, Bivol, February 24, 2013.
142. Bulgarian mayor resigns after man sets himself on fire, Reuters, March 6, 2013.
143. Man who self-immolated in Varna being operated on today, Trud.bg, 25 February 2013.(Bulgarian)
144. Plamen Goranov dies, Varna in mourning, trud.bg, March 4, 2013.(Bulgarian)
145. Impoverished 53-year-old self-immolates in Radnevo municipality, 24chasa.bg, February 26, 2013.(Bulgarian)
146. 51-year-old self-immolates in front of presidency, Monitor.bg, March 14, 2013.(Bulgarian)
147. Poverty in Bulgaria drives more to make ultimate sacrifice, BBC.co.uk, May 8, 2013; retrieved May 7, 2015.
148. Poverty Blamed for Bulgaria's Suicide Wave, New York Times
149. "Sri Lanka Buddhist monk dies after self-immolation". Retrieved September 25, 2016.
150. "Bradenton Herald & Lakewood Ranch Herald". Retrieved December 20, 2014.
151. "In dying act, minister hoped to inspire social justice". dallasnews.com. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
152. "Funeral of the Ahwazi Arab who set himself on fire turned into demonstration". Ahwaz Human Rights Organization. 23 March 2015. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
153. "Raise of self-immolation among Ahwazi Arabs due to discrimination and poverty". Ahwazi Centre for Human Rights. 2 June 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
154. "South Korean Man, 80, Sets Self on Fire at Anti-Japan Rally". The New York Times. 2015-08-12. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
155. Boroweic, Steven. "South Korean man lights himself on fire during anti-Japan protest in Seoul". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
156. http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/asylum-seeker-selfimmolates-amid-fears-he-would-be-sent-back-to-detention-senate-hearing-told-20151019-gkd81v.html#ixzz47bc7tRH0
157. http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2016/s4454004.htm
158. "Iranian Asylum Seeker Severely Burnt After Setting Himself On Fire On Nauru".
159. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-02/second-refugee-sets-themselves-alight-on-nauru/7377710

External links

• "The Self Immolators" – a chronological list of biographies and last statements of known self immolators 1967 to 2013