Lordship of Wilmington

Armorial achievement of the present holder

Wilmington is the name of a lordship or manor or reputed lordship or manor in Sellindge, Kent, to which the title Lord of Wilmington relates, which has some of the earliest examples of surviving Anglo-Saxon charters, and is particularly noted for the observation of changes to its placename during its early history. There is another Wilmington in Kent, located near Dartford.

Initial grant

In the year 700 C.E. Wihtred, King of Kent, granted four ploughlands to the Church of St. Mary at Lyminge. A copy of the charter was produced in the early eighth century. Both versions carry endorsements or alterations from the ninth century to accommodate changes to the placename.

In 700, the lands were described as Pleghelmestun, 'the tun of Pleghelm', consisting of four ploughlands, and situated between the three boundaries of Bereueg, Meguines paeth and Stretleg, which were said to be well-known at the time. These have since been suggested by Gordon Ward.^[1] This original, longer charter also included a grant of lands for the grazing of 300 sheep at Rumining seta, in Romney Marsh. This is the first historical document, then, on the Romney Marshes and demonstrates the connection between landholdings in the uplands and the detached marsh lands. This remote marshland holding was argued by Gordon Ward to be Sellindge in the Marsh, latterly part of the parish of Dymchurch.^[1]

Endorsements to the first charter

One ninth-century hand has added the words daes landes boc aet berwicum or 'the charter (granting land) at Berwick', Berwick being the name of the neighbouring estate to the east. A separate scribe of the same period has endorsed the charter, nunc wigelmignctun, or 'now Wighelm's tun'. Thus by the ninth century, the estate had gained its new name, Wilmington.^[2]

The second charter

This copy of the grant is similarly modified by a ninth-century scribe. Here, the first two letters of Pleghelmestun, are crossed out and are replaced with the period's alternative to 'Wi', qi, giving rise to Wieghelmestun, or 'the tun of Wieghelm', showing an attempt to tie the earlier name with its later version.^[2]

Lord of Wilmington

Lord of Wilmington is an alternative form of Lord of the Manor of Wilmington and is the style borne by the holder of the lordship of the manor. The two principal manors held of Sellindge - Somerfield and Wilmington - lost their distinct names as districts when they came into the same ownership as the manor of Sellindge itself, although the name Somerfield can be found in the property known as Somerfield Court Farm. Despite this merger, conveyances of the manors continued to record the transfer of the manors each distinctly, and separate Courts Baron were held for each of the respective manors.^[3] As at April 2014, the lordship of the manor of Wilmington is held by Mark Lindley-Highfield of Ballumbie Castle.^[4]

References

1. Ward, G. (1936) 'The Wilmington Charter of A.D. 700', Archaeologia Cantiana, vol.8, pp.11-28.
2. Sawyer, P.H. (1978) From Roman Britain to Norman England, New York: St. Martin's Press.
3. "Guildhall Library Manuscripts Section: General Guide". www.history.ac.uk. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
4. "The Register of Feudal Lords and Barons of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland". The Armorial Register International Register of Arms. Retrieved 2014-04-18.