Makapili

Makapili
Makabayang Katipunan ng mga Pilipino
Country  Second Philippine Republic
Foundation November 1944
Dates of operation November 1944 (1944-11)–1945 (1945)
Dissolved 1945
Preceded by Ganap Party
Motives Support for Japanese occupiers in the Philippines
Size 4,000–6,000
Flag

Makabayang Katipunan ng mga Pilipino (lit. Patriotic Association of Filipinos), better known as the Makapili, was a militant group formed in the Philippines in 1944 during World War II to give military aid to the Imperial Japanese Army.[1] Organised by Benigno Ramos and Artemio Ricarte, they were born out of José P. Laurel's refusal to conscript Filipinos for Japan.[2]

The Japanese decreed that the group should be founded in November 1944 when they brought together many of the supporters of the defunct Ganap Party.[3] Like Ganap its main area of support was Metro Manila, although Makapili established chapters across the islands, attracting some support.[4] In all it attracted 4 to 6,000 members, many of them poor or landless farmers who came to the group due to vague promises of land reform after the war.[5] Their main purpose was to counter guerilla activity by anti-Japanese forces in rural areas and to this end members of Makapili were given rudimentary military training.[5]

After the war ended in 1945, the group was disbanded and vilified for its involvement in some Japanese atrocities in the islands and individual members faced trials for treason as a result.[6]

A 1951 film of the same name was made starring Justina David.[7]

References

  1. ↑ "G.R. No. L-943". Retrieved 20 March 2015.
  2. ↑ Jovito Salonga, 'A tribute to Dr. Jose P. Laurel'
  3. ↑ William J. Pomeroy, The Philippines: Colonialism, Collaboration, and Resistance, p. 114
  4. ↑ "ASIAN JOURNAL a San Diego original. The 1st Asian Journal in Ca,USA. A Filipino American weekly. Online - Digital - Print Editions.". Retrieved 20 March 2015.
  5. 1 2 Stein Ugelvik Larsen, Fascism Outside Europe, Columbia University Press, 2001, p. 785
  6. ↑ "G.R. No. L-885". Retrieved 20 March 2015.
  7. ↑ "Makapili (1951)". IMDb. 20 March 2015. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
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