James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics

The James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics
Awarded for	Outstanding contributions to the field of Plasma Physics
Country	United States
Presented by	American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics
First awarded	Established 1975
Official website	http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/prizes/maxwell.cfm

The James Clerk Maxwell Prize in Plasma Physics is an annual American Physical Society (APS) award that is given in recognition of outstanding contributions to the field of the Plasma Physics. It was established in 1975 by Maxwell Technologies, Inc, in honor of the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell. It is currently sponsored by General Atomics. The prize includes a $10,000 USD monetary award and recognition at the annual American Physical Society Division of Plasma Physics conference.

Recipients

Year	Recipient	Country of Birth	Rationale	Reference
1975	Lyman Spitzer	United States	For his pioneering investigations of the behavior of plasma and guiding and inspiring a generation of plasma physicists through his research and leadership in the controlled thermonuclear program.	[1][2]
1976	Marshall Nicholas Rosenbluth	United States		[3]
1977	John M. Dawson	United States		[4]
1978	Richard F. Post	United States		[5]
1979	Tihiro Ohkawa			[6]
1980	Thomas H. Stix	United States		[7]
1981	John H. Nuckolls	United States		[8]
1982	Ira B. Bernstein	United States		[9]
1983	Harold P. Furth	Austria/United States		[10]
1984	Donald W. Kerst	United States		[11]
1985	John H. Malmberg	United States		[12]
1986	Harold Grad	United States		[13]
1987	Bruno Coppi	Italy		[14]
1988	Norman Rostoker	Canada		[15]
1989	Ravindra N. Sudan	India		[16]
1990	William L. Kruer	United States		[17]
1991	Hans R. Griem	United States		[18]
1992	John M. Greene	United States		[19]
1993	Russell M. Kulsrud	United States	...for his pioneering contributions to basic plasma theory, to the physics of magnetically confined plasmas and to plasma astrophysics.	[20][21]
1994	Roy W. Gould	United States		[22]
1995	Francis F. Chen	China	"For his rare combination of physical insight, theoretical ability and skill for performing careful, clear and definitive experiments. He has made fundamental contributions to plasma physics in such diverse areas as magnetic confinement devices, laser plasma interactions, novel plasma based accelerators and sources for plasma processing. Of particular note are his pioneering works on: electrostatic probes, low frequency fluctuations in magnetized plasma, parametric instabilities in laser plasma interactions, and helicon plasma sources. In addition, his classic text book Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion has helped educate a generation of plasma physicists."	[23]
1996	Thomas Michael O'Neil	United States	"For seminal contributions to plasma theory, including extension of Landau damping to the nonlinear regime and demonstration of the importance of particle trapping; discovery of the plasma-wave echo; and pioneering studies of the confinement, transport, and thermal equilibria of non-neutral plasmas, liquids and crystals. His theoretical work and active guidance of experiments with trapped, non-neutral plasmas provide much of the foundation for this branch of plasma physics."	[24]
1997	Charles F. Kennel	United States	"For his fundamental contributions to the basic plasma physics of collisionless shocks, magnetic reconnection and quasilinear theory, and to plasma astrophysics - including the Van Allen radiation belt and the Crab Nebula."	[25]
1998	Boris B. Kadomtsev		"For fundamental contributions to plasma turbulence theory, stability and nonlinear theory of MHD and kinetic instabilities in plasmas, and for international leadership in research and teaching of plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear fusion physics."	[26][27]
1999	John Bryan Taylor		"For ground breaking research, distinguished by its ingenuity and clarity, in such topics as: relaxation theory, transport, finite Larmor radius effects, the minimum-B concept, adiabatic invariance, the standard map, bootstrap currents, the ballooning representation, and confinement scaling laws."	[28]
2000	Akira Hasegawa	Japan	"For innovative discoveries and seminal contributions to the theories of nonlinear drift wave turbulence, Alfven wave propagation in laboratory and space plasmas, and optical solitons and their application to high speed communication."	[29]
2001	Roald Sagdeev	Russia	"For an unmatched set of contributions to modern plasma theory including: collisionless shocks, stochastic magnetic fields, ion temperature gradient instabilities, quasi-linear theory, neo-classical transport, and weak turbulence theory."	[30]
2002	Edward A. Frieman	United States	"For contributions to the theory of magnetically confined plasmas, including fundamental work on the formulation of the MHD Energy Principle and on the foundations of linear and nonlinear gyrokinetic theory essential to the analysis of microinstabilities and transport."	[31]
2003	Eugene N. Parker	United States	"For seminal contributions in plasma astrophysics, including predicting the solar wind, explaining the solar dynamo, formulating the theory of magnetic reconnection, and the instability which predicts the escape of the magnetic fields from the galaxy."	[32]
2004	Noah Hershkowitz	United States	"For fundamental contributions to the physics of low temperature plasmas, including radio frequency wave heating, sheath physics, potential profiles, diagnostic probes, and the industrial applications of plasmas."	[33]
	Valery Godyak	Russia		[34]
2005	Nathaniel Fisch		"For theoretical development of efficient rf-driven current in plasmas and for greatly expanding our ability to understand, to analyze, and to utilize wave-plasma interactions."	[35]
2006	Chandrashekhar J. Joshi	India	"For his insight and leadership in applying plasma concepts to high energy electron and positron acceleration, and for his creative exploration of related aspects of plasma physics."	[36]
2007	John Lindl	United States	"For 30 years of continuous plasma physics contributions in high energy density physics and inertial confinement fusion research and scientific management."	[37]
2008	Ronald C. Davidson	Canada	"For pioneering contributions to the physics of one-component non-neutral plasmas, intense charge particle beams, and collective nonlinear interaction processes in high-temperature plasmas."	[38]
2009	Miklos Porkolab	Hungary	"For pioneering investigations of linear and nonlinear plasma waves and wave-particle interactions; fundamental contributions to the development of plasma heating, current drive and diagnostics; and leadership in promoting plasma science education and domestic and international collaborations."	[39]
2010	James Drake	United States	"For pioneering investigations of plasma instabilities in magnetically confined, astrophysical and laser-driven plasmas; in particular, explication of the fundamental mechanism of fast reconnection of magnetic fields in plasmas; and leadership in promoting plasma science."	[40]
2011	Gregor Morfill	Germany	"For pioneering, and seminal contributions to, the field of dusty plasmas, including work leading to the discovery of plasma crystals, to an explanation for the complicated structure of Saturn's rings, and to microgravity dusty plasma experiments conducted first on parabolic-trajectory flights and then on the International Space Station."	[41]
2012	Liu Chen (physicist)	United States	"For seminal contributions to plasma theory, including geomagnetic pulsation, kinetic Alfvén wave, toroidal Alfvén eigenmode, fishbone oscillation and energetic particle mode, nonlinear dynamics of drift wave, and nonlinear gyrokinetic equation."	[42]
2013	Phillip A. Sprangle	United States	"For pioneering contributions to the physics of high intensity laser interactions with plasmas, and to the development of plasma accelerators, free-electron lasers, gyrotrons and high current electron accelerators"	[43]
2014	Clifford Surko	United States	"For the invention of and development of techniques to accumulate, confine, and utilize positron plasmas, and for seminal experimental studies of waves and turbulence in tokamak plasmas."	[44]
2015	Masaaki Yamada	United States	"For fundamental experimental studies of magnetic reconnection relevant to space, astrophysical and fusion plasmas, and for pioneering contributions to the field of laboratory plasma astrophysics."	[45]

See also

• List of prizes, medals and awards
• List of prizes named after people

References

1. "1975 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
2. "Lyman Spitzer Jr.". Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
3. "1976 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
4. "1977 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
5. "1978 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
6. "1979 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
7. "1980 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
8. "1981 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
9. "1982 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
10. "1983 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
11. "1984 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
12. "1985 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
13. "1986 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
14. "1987 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
15. "1988 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
16. "1989 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
17. "1990 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
18. "1991 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
19. "1992 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
20. "1993 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
21. "Russell M. Kulsrud received the Maxwell Prize of the American Physical Society". Physics Today. 47 (2): 115. Bibcode:1994PhT....47Q.115.. doi:10.1063/1.2808413.
22. "1994 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
23. "1995 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
24. "1996 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
25. "1997 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
26. "1998 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
27. "Physicists To Be Honored at November Meetings". APS.
28. "1999 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
29. "2000 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
30. "2001 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
31. "2002 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
32. "2003 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
33. "2004 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
34. "2004 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
35. "2005 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
36. "2006 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
37. "2007 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
38. "2008 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
39. "2009 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
40. "2010 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
41. "2011 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
42. "2012 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
43. "2013 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS.
44. "2014 James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics Recipient". APS. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
45. "AWARD: PPPL's Masaaki Yamada wins James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics". Princeton University. Retrieved 26 November 2015.

External links

• Official Website