Mehmed Ali Pasha (marshal)

This article is about the Ottoman marshal. For other people of the same name, see Mehmed Ali Pasha.
This is an Ottoman Turkish style name. Mehmed Ali is the given name, the title is Pasha, and there is no family name.
Mehmed Ali Pasha
Born Ludwig Karl Friedrich Detroit
(1827-11-18)November 18, 1827
Brandenburg an der Havel, Prussia, Germany
Died September 7, 1878(1878-09-07) (aged 50)
Kosovo, Ottoman Empire
Nationality Prussia, Ottoman Empire
Occupation Marshal, Chief of Staff of the  Ottoman Army
Known for Delegate of the Ottoman Empire at the 1878 Congress of Berlin

Müşir Mehmed Ali Pasha (November 18, 1827[1] – September 7, 1878[2]) was a German-born Ottoman soldier. He was the grandfather of the Turkish statesman Ali Fuat Cebesoy, and the great-grandfather of famous poets Nâzım Hikmet and Oktay Rıfat Horozcu and the socialist activist, lawyer, and athlete Mehmet Ali Aybar.

Biography

Mehmed Ali Pasha on the far right, during the Congress of Berlin.

Mehmed Ali was born in Brandenburg an der Havel, Prussia, as Ludwig Karl Friedrich Detroit (also known as Carl Detroy). His Parents was Carl Friedrich Detroit and Henriette Jeanette Severin. The French family name points to Huguenot ancestry, as a descendant of Protestant refugees from France in the 16th or 17th century. In 1843 he ran away to sea, and traveled to the Ottoman Empire,[3] where he embraced Islam and was circumcised. There, in 1846, Aali Pasha, later Grand Vizier, sent him to a military school. He received a commission in the Ottoman army in 1853 and fought against Russia in the Crimean War. He was made a brigadier general and Pasha in 1865.

Painting of the Congress of Berlin by Anton von Werner (far right: Mehmed Ali Pasha)

In the 1877–1878 war against Russia, Mehemet Ali led the Turkish army in Bulgaria. He was successful in his operations on the River Lom (August–September 1877), but was afterward forced back by his opponents. He failed to effect a junction with Suleiman Pasha, and was superseded by the latter. Later in 1878 he was a participant at the Congress of Berlin.

Death

In August 1878, the Ottoman government selected him to overview the process of the cession of the Plav-Gucia region to Montenegro in compliance to the decisions of the Congress of Berlin. Mehmed Ali Pasha's first task was the pacification of the Albanian League of Prizren, which opposed the border change as part of the areas (Plav-Gucia) were Albanian-inhabited. He arrived in Kosovo in late August, but was blocked from any further movement towards the Ottoman-Montenegrin border by the local committees of the Albanian League. Stationed in Abdullah Pasha Dreni's estate with several battalions he was killed after a three-day battle on September 6. [2][3][4][5]

Sources

  1. ↑ Latif Çelik, Türkische Spuren in Deutschland, Logophon Verlag GmbH, 2008, p. 188.
  2. 1 2 Osman Selim Kocahanoğlu, "Bir Osmanlı Ailesi ve Ali Fuad Cebesoy", Ali Fuat Cebesoy'un Arşivinden Askeri ve Siyasi Belgeler, Temel Yayınları, İstanbul, 2005, ISBN 975-410-092-6, p. 13. (Turkish)
  3. 1 2  Gilman, D. C.; Thurston, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Mehemet Ali Pasha". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
  4. ↑ Ayfer Özçelik, Ali Fuad Cepesoy, Akçağ Yayınları, 1993, ISBN 975-338-006-2, p. 2. (Turkish)
  5. ↑ Halil Sedes, 1876-1878 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşları Bosna Hersek ve Bulgaristan İhtilalleri, Çituri Biraderler, İstanbul, 1946, p. 180. (Turkish)

Family tree

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sırp Ömer Lütfi
Mihajlo Latas
 
 
 
 
 
Çerkes Hâfız
 
 
 
 
 
Macar Ali
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mustafa Celalettin Pasha
Konstanty Borzęcki
 
Saffet
 
Mehmed Ali
 
Ayşe Sıdıka
 
Kürt Hafize
 
Kamil
 
Tahir
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hüseyin Hüsnü
 
Hayriye
 
 
 
Mehmet Nazım
 
 
 
 
 
Macar Ali Rıfat
 
Hasan Enver
 
Leyla
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mehmet Ali Gerede
 
Eleanor Louisa Bendon
 
Zekiye Hatice
 
İsmail Fazıl
 
Adviye
 
Tevfik
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rahmi Arslan
 
Nimet
 
Muhsin
 
Tahsin
 
Hikmet
 
Celile
 
Samih Rıfat
 
Münevver
 
Mustafa Celalettin
 
Mehmet Ali
 
Sara
 
 
 
Leyla Makbule
 
Mehmet Ali Cebesoy
 
Ali Fuat Cebesoy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Alpaslan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mehmet Ali Aybar
 
 
 
Nazım Hikmet Ran
 
 
 
Zeynep Menemencioğlu
 
Oktay Rıfat Horozcu
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
İsmail Fazıl Cebesoy
 
Ayşe Cebesoy Sarıalp
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/8/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.