Holstein interglacial

Subdivisions of the Quaternary System
System/ Period	Series/ Epoch	Stage/ Age	Age (Ma)
Quaternary	Holocene		0.0117–0
	Pleistocene	Tarantian	0.126–0.0117
		Ionian	0.781–0.126
		Calabrian	1.80–0.781
		Gelasian	2.58–1.80
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian	older
In Europe and North America, the Holocene is subdivided into Preboreal, Boreal, Atlantic, Subboreal, and Subatlantic stages of the Blytt–Sernander time scale. There are many regional subdivisions for the Upper or Late Pleistocene; usually these represent locally recognized cold (glacial) and warm (interglacial) periods. The last glacial period ends with the cold Younger Dryas substage.

The Holstein interglacial (German: Holstein-Warmzeit or Holstein-Interglazial), also called the Mindel-Riss interglacial (Mindel-Riß-Interglazial) in the Alpine region is the penultimate major interglacial before the Eem interglacial and the present warm period, the Holocene. Within the ice age (Pleistocene) it lies within the Middle Pleistocene stage.

Definition

The Holstein interglazial is defined by marine sedimentation. On the stratigraphic record at the natural monument of Sievertsche Tongrube in Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel, its development is traced from the Elster ice age (Lauenburg clay) through the start of the warm period (freshwater depositions) to its flooding by the Holstein Sea (Cardien Sands).^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

References

1. Grube, E.-F. (1959): Die Bedeutung des Holstein-Interglazial-Aufschlusses von Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel für die Geologie Norddeutschlands. - Jahrbuch des Alstervereins: 5-9.
2. Grube, E.-F. (1963): Geologie der Ziegelei-Tongruben von Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel. - Jahrbuch des Alstervereins 42: 25-30.
3. Averdieck, F.-R. (1992): Das Holstein-Interglazial von Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel. - Meyniana 44: 1-13.
4. Dallek, M. (1963): Holstein-Interglazialvorkommen von Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel. - Jahrbuch des Deutschen Jugendbundes für Naturbeobachtung 2: 136-147.
5. Knudsen, K.L. (1979): Foraminiferal Faunas in Marine Holsteinian Interglacial Deposits of Hamburg-Hummelsbüttel. - Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 49: 193-214.

Literature

• Hallik, R. (1960): Die Vegetationsentwicklung der Holstein-Warmzeit in Nordwestdeutschland und die Altersstellung der Kieselgurlager der südlichen Lüneburger Heide. - Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 112: 326-333.

External links

• data sheet for the Holstein interglacial in Central Germany