Ministry of Education (Soviet Union)

The Ministry of Education was founded as the Ministry of Education of the Russian Provisional Government (Russian: Временное правительство России) on the basis of the Ministry of National Education (Russian Empire) in the Russian Empire (Russian: Министерство народного просвещения Российской империи). Later, it was foundedbas the People's Commissariat for Education (Russian: Народный комиссариат просвещения РСФСР) but was commonly called Narkompros (Russian: Наркомпрос).

It was the Soviet agency founded by the State Commission on Education (Russian: Государственная комиссия по просвещению) and charged with the administration of public education and most of other issues related to culture. In 1946, it was renamed the Ministry of Education.

Its first head was Anatoly Lunacharsky. However he described Nadezhda Krupskaya as the "soul of Narkompros".^[1] Mikhail Pokrovsky and Evgraf Litkens also played important roles.

Lunacharsky protected most of the avant-garde artists such as Vladimir Mayakovsky, Kazimir Malevich, Vladimir Tatlin and Vsevolod Meyerhold. Despite his efforts, the official policy after Joseph Stalin put him in disgrace.

Narkompros had a number of sections, in addition to the main ones related to general education, e.g.,

Likbez, a section for liquidation of illiteracy,
"Profobr", a section for professional education,
Glavlit a section for literature and publishing (also in charge of censorship in publishing),
"Glavrepertkom" (Главрепертком), a commission for approval of performers' repertoires.
Department of the Mobilisation of Scientific Forces, to which the Russian Academy of Sciences reported to after 1918.
A Theatre Department which published Vestnik Teatra
Vneshkol'nyi Otdel, the adult Education Department run by Krupskaya

Some of these evolved into separate entities, others discontinued.

Izo-Narkompros

The Izo-Narkompros (Изо-наркомпрос), or the section of visual arts (отдел изобразительных искусств) created in May 1918, consisted of two parts: the collegium (deliberative organ) and the section proper (executive organ). The first collegium was headed by Vladimir Tatlin and included Kasimir Malevich, I. Mashkov (И. Машков), N. Udaltsova (Н. Удальцова), O.Rozanova (О. Розанова), Alexander Rodchenko, Wassily Kandinsky. It was subdivided into a number of subsections.

Lunacharsky directed some of the great experiments in public arts after the Revolution such as the agit-trains and agit-boats, that circulated over all Russia spreading Revolution and revolutionary arts.

He also gave support to Constructivism's theatrical experiments and the initiatives such as the ROSTA Windows, revolutionary posters designed and written by Mayakovsky, Rodchenko, and others.

List of Ministers of Education of the Provisional Government of Russia, People's Commissars of the RSFSR and Ministers of Education of the RSFSR

Ministers

Manujlov Aleksandr (March 2, 1917 - July 24, 1917)
Ol'denburg Sergej (July 24, 1917 - August 31, 1917)
Salazkin Sergej (September 25, 1917 - October 25, 1917)

People's Commissars

Anatoly Lunacharsky (October 26, 1917 - September, 1929)
Andrei Bubnov (September, 1929 - October, 1937)
Pyotr Tyurkin (October 12, 1937 - March 1, 1940)
Vladimir Potyomkin (March, 1940 - February 23, 1946)

Ministers

Aleksei Kalashnikov (April 9, 1946 - February 16, 1948)
Aleksandr Voznesensky (February 16, 1948 - July 12, 1949)
Ivan Kairov (July 12, 1949 - June 5, 1956)
Yevgeniy Afanasenko (June 5, 1956 - 1966)
Mikhail Prokofiev (1966)
Aleksandr Danilov (February, 1967 - 1980)
Georgiy Veselov (1980 - July 1990)

List of Ministers of Education of the USSR

There were only two ministers of enlightenment of the USSR Министерство просвещения СССР:

Mikhail Prokofiev (December 24, 1966 - December 20, 1984)
Sergei Shcherbakov (December 20, 1984 - March 5, 1988)

After that it was united into the State committee of the Soviet Union for Public Education headed by Gennadiy Yagodin until November 14, 1991.

Note

The Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education of the Russian Empire, which was formed by combining:

Ministry of National Education (Russian Empire);
The Chief Directorate of Religious Affairs of the Orthodox Faith of the Most Holy Synod;
The Chief Directorate of Religious Affairs of Foreign (i.e. non-Orthodox) Faiths,

and directed the spiritual affairs of all faiths in Russia and the institutions of public education and science, trying to restore rights in East Slavic culture of Russian Federation.

References

The Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1917-1964

↑ The Commissariat of Enlightenment

Bibliography

Bird, Alan. A History of Russian Painting. G.K. Hall Painting, Russian, 2007.
Graham, Loren R. Science in Russia and the Soviet Union. Science—Soviet Union, 1993.
Constantin, Nathan. A Study of Bolshevism. Free Press, 1953.
Smele, Jon. The Russian Revolution and Civil War. Continuum International, 2003.
Fitzpatrick, Sheila. The Commissariat of Enlightenment. Cambridge University, 1970.

External links

Education in Russia for foreign citizens. The history of the formation of education.Образование в России для иностранных граждан. История становления образования.
Education in Russia for the foreign citizens: Russian Educational System Today

Agencies and offices of the Union government of the Soviet Union

All-Union	President and Vice President of the Soviet Union (list) Presidential Council State Council Security Council Premiers

Ministries	Agricultural Products Procurement Agriculture and Food Assembling and Special Construction Armament Automobile and Agricultural Machine Building Aviation Industry Building Materials Industry Chemical Industry Chemical and Oil Machinery Building Coal Industry Cellulose and Paper Industry Civil Aviation Coal Industry Commerce Communications Communication Equipment Industry Construction Construction of Fuel Industry Construction of Heavy Industry Construction of Oil and Gas Industry Construction of Petrochemical Machinery Construction of Power Plants Construction of Road Building and Communal Machines Construction of Tool-Machines Cotton Culture Defense Defense Industry Economy Education Electrical Engineering Electrical Power and Electrification Electronics Industry Electrotechnical Industry Environmental Protection Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ferrous Metallurgy Finance Fish Industry Foreign Economic Relations Forestry Forestry Industry Fruits and Vegetables Gas Industry General Machine Building Geology Grain Products Health Housing and Architecture Heavy Machine Building Heavy and Transport Machines Construction High Education Industrial Construction Installation and Special Construction Work Instrument-Making, Automation and Control Systems Interior Iron and Steel Justice Light Industry Land Reclamation and Water Resources Machine Building Machine Building for Animal Husbandry and Fodder Products Machine Building for Light and Food Industry Machine Tool and Tool Building Industry Machinery for Stock Raising and Feeding Manufacture of Communication Media Meat and Dairy Industry Medical Industry Medical and Microbiologiacal Industry Medium Machine Building Merchant Marine Mineral Fertilizer Production Metallurgy Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Nuclear Power Industry Oil Industry Oil and Gas Industry Oil Processing and Petrochemical Industry Power and Electrification Pulp and Paper Industry Radio Industry Railways Rubber Industry Shipbuilding State Farms State Security Technical Cultivation Textile Industry Timber Industry Timber, Paper and Wood Processing Industry Tool and Tool Building Industry Trade, Home Tractors and Agricultural Machines Transport Construction Urban Construction without Portfolio

Regional ministries	Construction in the Eastern Regions Construction in the Far East and Transbaikal Regions Construction in the Northern and Western Regions Construction in the Southern Regions Construction in the Urals and West Sibirian Regions

State Committees and commissions	Building Materials Cinematography Construction Defense Defense Technology Fuel Industry Labour and Social Problems Logistics People's Control Prices Publishing Metallurgy State of Emergency Science and Technology Standards and Product Quality Management State Planning State Security Statistics Television and Radio Timber and Paper Industry Transport Construction

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/6/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.