Mohammad-Javad Bahonar

Mohammad-Javad Bahonar
محمد جواد باهنر
77th Prime Minister of Iran
3rd Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic
In office
4 August 1981 – 30 August 1981
President Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Preceded by Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Succeeded by Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (Acting)
Minister of Education
In office
10 August 1980 – 10 August 1981
President Abolhassan Banisadr
Prime Minister Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Preceded by Mohammad-Ali Rajai
Succeeded by Ali Akbar Parvaresh
Member of the Parliament of Iran
In office
28 May 1980 – 10 August 1980
Constituency Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr
Member of Assembly of Experts for Constitution
In office
15 August 1979 – 15 November 1979
Constituency Kerman Province
Majority 205,765 (80.2%)
Personal details
Born (1933-09-05)5 September 1933
Kerman, Iran
Died 30 August 1981(1981-08-30) (aged 47)
Tehran, Iran
Political party Islamic Republican Party
Spouse(s) Zahra Eynakian (1966–1981, his death)[1]
Relatives Mohammad-Reza Bahonar (brother)
Alma mater University of Tehran
Religion Shia Islam
Signature

Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Persian: محمدجواد باهنر‎‎, 5 September 1933 – 30 August 1981) was a Shia Iranian theologian and politician who served as the Prime minister of Iran for less than one month in August 1981.[2] Bahonar along with other members of Mohammad-Ali Rajai's government was assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq.[3]

Early life

Mohammad-Javad Bahonar was born on 3 September 1933 in Kerman, Iran.[4] His father was a simple tradesman and had little shop at the Kerman.[5]He was the second children of family and he had eight brothers and sisters. His life was very poorly. When He was child he could learn Quran in Maktab by a faithful women. Also he learned writing and reading. Guiding by Ayatollah Haghighi, he could entered into Masoumieh seminary school. At the same time he could obtain the degree of fifth of ancient school.[6]

Education

Bahonar passed his primary school at Masoomieh School of Kerman. In 1953, he went to Qom Seminary and attended in the class of Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of Iranian revolution.[7][3][8] He received a PhD in theology from the University of Tehran.[7] Also, he was faculty member of the Tehran University and taught religious lessons and theology.[3][9][7]

Revolutionary activities

Before Iranian revolution

Bahonar was a reviler of the Pahlavi dynasty and had activities against Mohammad Reza Shah that led to imprisonment him in 1963,[4] 1964, and 1975.[3][9] On 1963, he was jailed for opposing the Shah's White Revolution.[4] Also, during exile of Khomeini in Iraq and France, he continued his revolutionary activities and was an influential member among Khomeini's followers.[9][3][7][10] Bahonar along with Morteza Motahari was active speaker of Hosseiniyeh Ershad, a religious lecture hall in the Tehran.[9]

After Iranian revolution

After the revolution Bahonar became a founding member of the Islamic Republican party[11] and an original member of the Council of Revolution of Iran. He was also appointed minister of education on March 1981. Also, he was member of Assembly of Experts.[9] Bahonar along with Mohammad Ali Rajai purging Iranian universities of western cultural influences which known as the Islamic Cultural Revolution.[3][7] After the assassination of Mohammad Beheshti on 28 June 1981, he was appointed general secretary of the party where he was also a member of the central committee.[3][11] Bahonar served as the minister of culture and Islamic guidance under Mohammad Ali Rajai's prime ministry from March 1981 to August 1981. When Rajai became president on 5 August 1981, he chose Bahonar as his prime minister.[12]

Assassination

Bahonar was assassinated along with Rajai and other members of Islamic Republican Party when a bomb exploded at the party's office in Tehran on 30 August 1981.[4][13][14][12] In Iran, this explosion known as Hafte Tir bombing. When one of the victims opened a briefcase, the explosion happened. The briefcase was carried by Massoud Keshmiri, a security official at the Islamic Republican Party, to the meeting. One week later, Keshmiri were announced as responsible for planning of the explosion.[8] Keshmiri was identified as an operative of Mujahedin that supported by Saddam Hussein.[4][3] He tried to assassinated Rajai and Bahonar on 22 August when Rajai introduced his cabinet to Ruhollah Khomeini. So, Ahmad Khomeini explained that Keshmiri was along with Rajai when they came to see Imam Khomeini. He had a suitcase but we did not allow him to bring it.[8]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mohammad-Javad Bahonar.

References

  1. ↑ شهید باهنر به روایت همسر
  2. ↑ Robin B. Wright (2010). The Iran Primer: Power, Politics, and U.S. Policy. US Institute of Peace Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-1-60127-084-9.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Prime minister of Iran)". Britannica. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Michael Newton (17 April 2014). Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1-61069-286-1.
  5. ↑ "An index of memories of Mohammad Javad Bahona". Maryrdom and Sacrifice. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  6. ↑ http://www.ensani.ir/fa/content/79974/default.aspx
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Joint Crisis: Supreme Defense Council of Iran, 1980" (PDF). Harvard Model United Nations. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  8. 1 2 3 Baqer Moin (1999). Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah. I.B.Tauris. p. 242. ISBN 978-1-85043-128-2.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 John H. Lorentz (14 April 2010). The A to Z of Iran. Scarecrow Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-4617-3191-7.
  10. ↑ Manouchehr Ganji (2002). Defying the Iranian Revolution: From a Minister to the Shah to a Leader of Resistance. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-275-97187-8.
  11. 1 2 Asayesh, Hossein; Adlina Ab. Halim; Jayum A. Jawan; Seyedeh Nosrat Shojaei (March 2011). "Political Party in Islamic Republic of Iran: A Review". Journal of Politics and Law. 4 (1). Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  12. 1 2 Glenn E. Curtis; Eric Hooglund (18 July 2008). Iran: A Country Study. Government Printing Office. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8444-1187-3.
  13. ↑ The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2010 (New Edition). Pearson Education India. 1 January 2010. p. 1. ISBN 978-81-317-2790-4. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
  14. ↑ Nikou, Semira N. "Timeline of Iran's Political Events". United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
Political offices
Preceded by
Mohammad-Ali Rajai		 Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance
1980–1981 		Succeeded by
Ali Akbar Parvaresh
Preceded by
Mohammad Ali Rajai		 Prime Minister of Iran
1981 		Succeeded by
Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani
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