Mumbai Trans Harbour Link

Mumbai Trans Harbour Link
Carries Highway
Crosses Thane Creek
Locale Mumbai Metropolitan Region, India
Other name(s) Sewri-Nhava Sheva Trans Harbour Link
Owner MMRDA
Characteristics
Total length 22 kilometres (14 mi)
Width 27 metres (89 ft)
Height 25 metres (82 ft)
Number of lanes 6
Design life 100+ years
History
Construction cost ₹17,700 crore (US$2.6 billion)
Opening 2021

The Mumbai Trans Harbour Link (MTHL), also known as the Sewri-Nhava Sheva Trans Harbour Link, is a proposed 22 km, freeway grade road bridge connecting the Indian city of Mumbai with Navi Mumbai, its satellite city. When completed, it would be the longest sea bridge in India.[1] The bridge will begin in Sewri, South Mumbai and cross Thane Creek north of Elephanta Island and will terminate at Chirle village, near Nhava Sheva. The road will be linked to the Mumbai Pune Expressway in the east, and to the proposed Western Freeway in the west. The sea link will contain a 6 lane highway,[2][3][4] which will be 27 meters in width, in addition to edge strip and crash barrier.[5][6]

The project is estimated to cost ₹17,700 crore (US$2.6 billion). As of October 2016, the MMRDA is evaluating pre-qualification bids for the project, and is expected to award contracts by the end of 2016. Construction is expected to begin after monsoon 2017.

History

Transportation and traffic planning for Greater Bombay was commissioned to Wilbur Smith and Associates in mid-1962. The firm's report, based on extensive studies conducted over 18 months, was handed over to the Union Ministry of Transport on 19 December 1963. Among other projects, the report proposed the construction of a sea link, known as the Uran Bridge, to connect Mumbai with the mainland. However, Smith was unsure of the link's feasibility. Citing poor traffic expectations in Uran even in 1981, his report advised a more detailed study of this connection and recommended waiting until "the Trans-Thana area develops further and more community services are extended to Uran."[7] In 1973, the Vashi Bridge linking Mankhurd in Mumbai with Vashi in Navi Mumbai was opened.

First attempt

The first concrete attempt to build the sea link was made in 2004, when Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services (IL&FS) submitted a proposal to implement the project on a build, own, operate and transfer (BOOT) basis. The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC) also submitted a counter proposal. However, the IL&FS proposal was side-lined by the government, for undisclosed reasons.[8]

Second attempt

Another attempt was made in 2005, when the MSRDC invited bids for the project. But bids submitted by the Ambani brothers was considered to be unrealistic.[9] A consortium of the Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group company Reliance Energy (REL) and Hyundai Engineering Construction Company quoted a concession period of nine years and 11 months against 75 years quoted by Mukesh Ambani's Sea King Infrastructure (the only other short-listed bidder left, after L&T-Gamon Industries and IFFCO opted out). The REL-Hyundai consortium was initially disqualified at the technical bid stage as Hyundai did not meet the criteria of $200 million net worth specified in the bid document. However, the consortium challenged the disqualification in the Supreme Court, and the Court granted them 90 days to submit their bid that ended on 15 December 2007. The consortium eventually won the bid in February 2008.[10] However, the MSRDC was not sure about viability of the low concession period. The MSRDC felt that the concession periods were "unrealistic" and that both bids "seemed frivolous in nature".[8]

Third attempt

The State Government called for a fresh bids for the project in 2008. However, none of the 13 companies that had shown interest, submitted bids.[9] The media criticized the political feud between the ruling Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) and Congress coalition, as being responsible for slowing "down the pace of Mumbai's development". The city's two infrastructure agencies, the MSRDC and the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), under the NCP and Congress respectively, were both planning to construct the MTHL at the same time. The project underwent two failed rounds of tendering under the MSRDC, and was stuck for nearly two years (between 2009 and 2011), before the state government decided to hand over the mandate to MMRDA. Following the decision, the MSRDC asked MMRDA to pay ₹25 crore (US$3.7 million) if it wanted access to any of the studies on the project conducted by the former. After the MMRDA was tasked with executing the MTHL, the MSRDC took up the expansion of the Vashi Bridge by adding six more lanes to ease congestion at the entrance to Navi Mumbai. However, the MMRDA refused the MSRDC's request to allocate funds for the expansion of bridge, as the former believed that the expansion would divert some ridership from the MTHL.[11]

Fourth attempt

The MMRDA appointed Arup Consultancy Engineers and KPMG to conduct the techno-economic feasibility of the MTHL in August 2011.[9] The project will be based on a public-private-partnership model.[12] The project received clearance from Chief Minister Prithviraj Chavan on 22 October 2012.[13] The Times of India described the MTHL's delay as being "symbolic of all that's wrong with infrastructure planning and implementation in Mumbai". The paper also stated that a project being "on the drawing board after more than forty years would be in the realm of fiction in any other country".[14]

Flamingos and other migratory birds at the Mahul-Sewri mudflats

The project received environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on 23 October 2012. The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC) had obtained clearance for the project in March 2005, but the certificate was valid only for 5 years and lapsed due to the delays in the bidding process. The MoEF laid down 11 conditions that the MMRDA had to follow. Some of the conditions were that the MMRDA put up noise barriers, replant five times the number of mangroves destroyed, not carry out dredging or reclamation, use construction equipment with exhaust silencers and work in consultation with the Bombay Natural History Society to minimize the impact on migratory birds.[15][16] Environmental activists are opposed to the clearance. They point out there was no public hearing following the second application for environmental clearance. They believe that the sea link is not allowed as per the new Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) notification of 2011. Activists also claim that the sea link would damage a huge mudflat and mangrove tract towards Sewri and Nhava which is a habitat for migratory birds like flamingos.[17] MMRDA plans to construct sound barriers on the bridge so that it does not affect the flamingo habitat at Sewri. The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) has directed MMRDA to construct a six-km long view barrier to cut the view of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).[18] The MTHL received coastal regulation zone clearance from the MoEF on 19 July 2013.[19]

On 31 October 2012, the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) granted in-principle approval for the MTHL.[20] The DEA recommended granting ₹1,920 crore (US$290 million) with a concession period of 35 years for the project.[21] In the first meeting, between MMRDA and DEA officials in September 2012, the ministry had asked the authority to treat the sea link as a road and reduce the proposed concession period from 45 years to 30 years. They also expected an internal rate of return of 15% for the project. However, the MMRDA wanted a higher rate as they claimed the project was very risky. An internal rate of return of 17% was agreed upon. The termination clause in the concession agreement comes into effect after 30 years into the concession period. The MMRDA can invoke the clause based on certain conditions such as the capacity being higher than expected. The conditions will be reviewed in the 20th year of the concession agreement.[22] The DEA is the first tier of the three-tier clearance process to get viability gap funding (VGF) for the project. The project must also receive approval from an Empowered Committee and finally from the Finance Minister.[15] On 9 November 2012, the State Government issued a state-support agreement and a toll notification for the project.[23] The empowered committee approved VGF for MTHL on 12 December 2012.[24] Finance Minister P. Chidambaram cleared the project on 18 January 2013.[25][26][27]

The Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) asked the MMRDA to build the MTHL at a height of 51 metres, instead of the proposed 25 metres, for a span of 300 metres to accommodate its expansion plans for its fifth container terminal and to allow safe passage of bigger vessels. MMRDA expressed that a height of 51 metres would not be feasible as it would have a huge impact on the cost. However, MMRDA officials expressed willingness to raise the height of the bridge to 31–35 metres.[28][29] On 8 January 2012, Minister of State for Shipping and MP from South Mumbai, Milind Deora told reporters that JNPT would issue a No Objection Certificate to the State Government to go ahead with the project.[30][31][32]

In May 2012, the MMRDA shortlisted five consortia for the project: Cintra-SOMA-Srei, Gammon Infrastructure Projects Ltd.-OHL, Concessions-G.S. Engineering, GMR Infrastructure-L&T Ltd.-Samsung C&T Corpn., IRB Infrastructure Developers Ltd.-Hyundai, and Tata Realty and Infrastructure Ltd.-Autostrade Indian Infrastructure Development Pvt. Ltd.-Vinci Concessions Development V Pte Ltd.[33] None of the five shortlisted firms bid for the project by the deadline, which was extended August 5.[34][35] IRB-Hyundai had announced their withdrawal from the bidding process, on 31 July 2013, citing "the government's apathy and unfriendly attitude towards investors wanting to develop capital-intensive infra projects".[36] Following the failure of the tender, the MMRDA decided to abandon the PPP model and instead implement the project on cash contract basis.[37]

In January 2013, the Central Government had sanctioned ₹1,920 crore (US$290 million), which was 20% of the project cost at the time, in viability gap for the MTHL.[38] Under the public private partnership (PPP) basis that the project was proposed to be implemented in,[39] the State Government would also contribute the same amount as the Centre, while the remaining 60% would have been borne by the developer who won the bid.[15][39] The concession period would have been 35 years, which included the time-frame of 5 years for the construction.[40] However, the consortia shortlisted for the project were concerned that 15-20% of the projected traffic for the MTHL, was due to the proposed Navi Mumbai airport, which was heavily delayed. The MMRDA added provision for a shortfall loan to be made available from the central government if traffic is 20% under the estimate.[38]

Switch from PPP to cash-contract

The MMRDA decided to scrap the PPP model for the project in August 2013, and instead execute it on a cash-contract basis. Subsequently, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) expressed interest in providing funds for the project. In January 2014, Ashwini Bhide, MMRDA additional metropolitan commissioner, told The Indian Express that the state government had sent a formal proposal to the DEA for its approval to get funds from JICA.[41] In June 2014, Business Line reported that Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust authorities had agreed to pick up a stake in the project.[42]

The project ran into a major hurdle in April 2015, when the forest advisory committee (FAC) of the MoEF withheld its clearance for the project stating that it affects "existing mangroves as well as the flamingo population". The project requires clearance from the Ministry as it will affect 38 hectares of protected mangrove forests and 8.8 hectares of forest land on the Navi Mumbai end. The sea link's starting point poses a threat to an estimated 20,000-30,000 lesser and greater flamingos and the mangrove habitat. The Sewri mudflats are home to 150 species of birds species, and is listed as an "Important Bird Area". The FAC instructed the state government to submit a study report on the project's impact on the flamingo population, and recommended that the government seek the help of either the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) or the Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun to conduct the study. The cost of the study will be borne by the MMRDA, which will also have to come with safeguards to cause the least disturbance to the flamingos at Sewri.

On 17 April 2015, Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari stated that he favoured the construction of a submarine tunnel instead of a sea link. Gadkari stated that the tunnel would cost less than a bridge (citing the example of the tunnel between Rotterdam and Belgium), and would also be aesthetically preferable as a sea link would obstruct the city's coastline. However, Gadkari clarified that the Union Government would accept the final decision made by the State Government on this matter.[43] Following a visit to China, Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis announced on 20 May 2015, that the China Communications Construction Company (CCCC) had expressed interest in the MTHL project. According to Fadnavis, the CCCC will complete the project within 3–4 years of being appointed and will also provide 2% concessional funding for the project.[44][45]

In November 2015, the project was cleared by the Maharashtra Coastal Zone Management Authority (MCZMA).[46] In January 2016, the Forest Advisory Committee (FAC) granted forest clearance,[47] and the Experts' Appraisal Committee (EAC) attached to the MoEF granted CRZ clearance to the project.[48] The CRZ came with a rider requiring the MMRDA to spend at least ₹335 crore towards an "environment management programme".[49] In the same month, Fadnavis announced that the project had received all required clearances.[50]

In February 2016, JICA agreed to loan 80% of the total cost of the project to the State Government at an annual interest rate of 1-1.4%. The MMRDA will bear 1.2% of the project cost, and the remaining amount will be borne by the State Government.[51] As JICA was unwilling to loan directly to the state Government, the Union Government stood as a guarantor of the loan.[52] As part of the agreement between JICA and the State Government, 2 rescue lanes will be added to the proposed plan for the MTHL, and a 4 km stretch of the bridge will be constructed as a steel-only structure instead of previous plan to build a cement and concrete bridge. The use of steel on this stretch will raise the project cost by ₹4000 crores.[51] JICA formally approved the funding agreement on 9 May 2016, and the MMRDA began the bidding process the following day.[53] The MMRDA invited request for qualifications (RFQ) for civil construction of three packages - a 10.38 km long bridge section across the Mumbai Bay and Sewri interchange (₹ 6,600 crore), a 7.807 km long bridge section across Mumbai Bay and Shivaji Nagar inter change (₹ 4,900 crore) and a 3.613 km long viaduct including interchanges at SH 52, SH54 and NH 4B near Chirle, Navi Mumbai.[54] The MMRDA received pre-qualification bids 11 bids each for the first and second package, and 17 bids for the third package.[55][56] The agency stated that a single party would not be awarded the first and second packages together, although any other combination of the three packages would be permitted.[57]

The MMRDA appointed a consortium formed by AECOM Asia Co Ltd, Dar Al-Handsah and TY Lin International as the general consultant for the project on 26 November 2016.[58] According to UPS Madan, Metropolitan Commissioner, MMRDA, "The General Consultants appointed for the MTHL project will engage in various activities such as to help MMRDA organise pre-bid meetings, examine bid documents, secure various permissions from government, semi-government, examine concept designs, monitor construction of the project and ensure quality of the work among other things."[59][60]

The MMRDA aims to complete all formalities for the project by the end of 2016, and begin construction after monsoon 2017.[61] Construction is expected to take up to 5 years.

Plan

16.5 km of the MTHL will be in the sea and 5.5 km on land.[62] The MTHL will be constructed in three sections:[63]

  1. A 10.38 km-long bridge, spanning across Thane Creek and Sewri Interchange.
  2. A 7.807 km-long bridge portion across Thane Creek and the Shivaji Nagar interchange
  3. A 3.613 km-long viaduct and interchanges that connect State Highways 52 and 54 and National Highway 4B at Chirle, Navi Mumbai.

The project requires 130 hectares of land. The City and Industrial Development Corporation (CIDCO) contributed 88 hectares and the Mumbai Port Trust handed over 13 hectares. The remaining land is privately owned.[64] According to MMRDA officials, land owners will be given the same compensation package as that given in the Navi Mumbai International Airport project.[65]

In October 2016, the MMRDA agreed to pay MbPT a total of ₹1000 crores in instalments over the course of 30 years as rent for using the MbPT's land for construction of ramps for the MTHL on the Mumbai side.[66][67]

Metro lines

Initially, there were plans to have a dual metro line below the road lanes on the bridge. The metro Line was to be extended to the proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport and connected to the proposed Ranjanpada-Sewood-Kharkopar corridor of the Navi Mumbai Metro and the proposed Sewri-Prabhadevi corridor of the Mumbai Metro. However, the MMRDA scrapped plans for the metro line in 2012, and decided to build only a road bridge. A senior MMRDA official stated, "A detailed study has revealed that laying the foundation for the bridge with provisions for two metro lanes would hike costs instead of save money. Hence, it will be feasible to have a separate bridge for the metro in the future." Another reason given was that the Navi Mumbai International Airport and Sewri-Prabhadevi corridor of the Mumbai Metro were still a long way from completion.[68]

Cost

The cost of the MTHL has increased several times. In 2005, the cost of the project was estimated at ₹4,000 crore (equivalent to ₹95 billion or US$1.4 billion in 2016). The cost was revised to ₹6000 crore in 2008. It was then increased to ₹8800 crore in November 2011 and to ₹9360 crore in August 2012.[69][70] The MMRDA re-evaluated the cost project as about ₹11,000 crore (US$1.6 billion) at 2014 prices.[71] In 2016, the project cost was estimated at ₹17,700 crores, which includes ₹70 crore compensation to fishermen, ₹45 crore for installing noise barriers after opening the sea link, a ₹25 crore deposit as seed money to mangrove fund, another ₹25 crore for a compensatory mangrove restoration plan, and a mandatory expenditure of at least ₹335 crore for an "environment management programme".[72][73] 80% of the total project funding will be obtained through a loan from the JICA.[74]

Connectors

Although three connectors were proposed, the MMRDA plans to only construct the Worli-Sewri connector initially. According to Ashwini Bhide, additional metropolitan commissioner of MMRDA, "To construct the other ramps, the alignment will pass through BDD chawls. Redevelopment of BDD chawls is being considered by the state, so we will take up work on the other ramps at a later date."[75]

Eastern Freeway

The Eastern Freeway is a 16.9 km long controlled-access freeway,[76] that connects P D'Mello Road in South Mumbai to the Eastern Express Highway (EEH) at Ghatkopar.

Worli – Sewri connector

The Sewri – Worli connector would connect the Bandra-Worli Sea Link and the Mumbai Trans Harbour Link.[77] A new bridge between Worli and Sewri is scheduled for completion by 2017.[78] It will be 4.5 km long[79] The bridge will be cable-stayed.[80] The project is expected to cost ₹490 crore (US$73 million), and be completed in four years.[81]

The MMRDA received bids from 5 companies to construct the Worli – Sewri connector. They were Simplex Infrastructures Ltd, Larsen & Toubro, Hindustan Construction Company, Gammon India and the National Construction Company (NCC). Simplex Infrastructures Ltd quoted the lowest bid (nearly 16-17% below the estimated cost of the project), followed by Larsen & Toubro (14% below the reserve price).[81][82] In April 2016, DNA reported that the project had been cancelled, after previously being put "on hold" in 2015. No budgetary allocation was made for the project in the 2015-16 fiscal, and the MMRDA has no future plans to construct the connector.[83]

Toll

In 2012, the MMRDA proposed tolls for the MTHL as ₹175 for cars, ₹265 for light commercial vehicles, ₹525 for buses and trucks and ₹790 for heavy axle vehicles. JICA, the primary source of funding the project, proposed higher tolls in 2016.[84] In September 2016, The Indian Express reported that the toll for the MTHL was likely to remain the same as the figures proposed in 2012, although the estimated cost of the project had doubled since that year.[85]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Car users to pay Rs235 toll on Mumbai Trans-Harbour link". Dnaindia.com. 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  2. ↑ Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  3. ↑ "Trans Harbour Link switches tracks to Metro". The Indian Express. 2011-01-20. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  4. ↑ "YouTube". YouTube. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  5. ↑ "The Pioneer". Dailypioneer.com. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  6. ↑ "Tv9 Gujarat - Trans Harbour link in Mumbai would be ready in 2017". YouTube. 2012-02-18. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  7. ↑ Shukla, Alka (March 22, 2011). "The man who saw tomorrow...". Mumbai Mirror. Mumbai. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  8. 1 2 http://www.moneylife.in/article/sewri-nhava-sheva-trans-harbour-link-the-story-of-unrealistic-bidding-and-spiralling-cost/33729.html
  9. 1 2 3 "World Bank may fund Mumbai Trans Harbour Link project". The Economic Times. PTI. 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  10. ↑ http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/anil-trounces-mukesh-in-bidding-for-mumbai-sea-link-project-108022101002_1.html
  11. ↑ http://www.indianexpress.com/news/rift-between-cong-ncp-ministers-slows-down-mumbai-infra-projects/1137949/0
  12. ↑ "Mumbai Trans Harbour Link MMRDA to invite bids in November". daily.bhaskar.com. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  13. ↑ "Mumbai trans-harbour sea-link cleared". Hindustan Times. 2012-10-23. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  14. ↑ http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOIM%2F2013%2F07%2F21&ViewMode=GIF&PageLabel=2&EntityId=Ar00200&AppName=1
  15. 1 2 3 "Centre may finance 20% of the cost of trans-harbour link". Hindustan Times. 31 October 2012. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
  16. ↑ "Sewri-Nhava link CRZ clearance bid gets central government push". Financialexpress.com. 2012-10-26. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  17. ↑ Chittaranjan Tembhekar (2012-10-24). "Shot in arm for Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link as project gets environment ministry's nod". The Times of India. TNN. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  18. ↑ Yogesh Naik (19 January 2013). "MMRDA gets final nod for trans-harbour link project". Mumbai Mirror. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  19. ↑ http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/1881768/report-mthl-bridge-finally-gets-crz-approval-from-centre
  20. ↑ "Trans-harbour link gets centre funding boost". Hindustan Times. 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  21. ↑ "Centre approves MTHL funding - Mumbai - DNA". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  22. ↑ "Mumbai harbour link funding gets FinMin nod". Indian Express. 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  23. ↑ "MTHL toll fixed before work starts". The Times Of India. TNN. 2012-11-10. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  24. ↑ "Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link a step away from becoming reality". The Indian Express. 2012-12-13. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  25. ↑ "MMRDA puts MTHL corridor on fast track". Dnaindia.com. 2013-01-29. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  26. ↑ "MTHL set to take off with 1,920cr boost from Centre". The Times Of India. 2013-01-19. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  27. ↑ "Central funds for sea bridge, work to begin by year-end". Hindustan Times. 2013-01-19. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  28. ↑ "MMRDA proposes toll of Rs 175-790 on MTHL". The Indian Express. 2012-11-10. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  29. ↑ "JNPT puts another spanner in harbour link". The Indian Express. 2012-11-09. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  30. ↑ "Land acquisition, construction of Mumbai Trans Harbour Link may get under way soon". Business Line. 2013-01-08. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  31. ↑ "JNPT relents, clears way for Trans Harbour Link". Profit.ndtv.com. 2013-01-09. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  32. ↑ "Centre may ask JNPT to rework expansion plan to avoid changes in MTHL layout". The Indian Express. 2012-12-27. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  33. ↑ "Work on trans-harbour link may begin by end-2013: MMRDA". Dnaindia.com. 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  34. ↑ "No bidder again for trans-harbour link, MMRDA does not rule out building it - The Times of India". The Times Of India.
  35. ↑ "No bidders for MTHL in round 3". Indian Express. 2013-08-06. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  36. ↑ "No bidder again for trans-harbour link, MMRDA does not rule out building it - The Times of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2013-08-06. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  37. ↑ "Harbour Link to be inaugurated by 2019, says CM Devendra Fadnavis". Iamin.in. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  38. 1 2 "Mumbai commute set for a spring in the step". The Indian Express. 2013-05-28. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  39. 1 2 "Trans-harbour link: Nod for funds, bid documents likely soon". The Indian Express. 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  40. ↑ "FM clears roadblock, bids to follow". The Indian Express. 2013-01-19. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  41. ↑ http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mthl-gets-moving-again-all-hopes-on-japanese-loan/
  42. ↑ http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/jnpt-to-pick-up-stake-in-mumbai-trans-harbour-link/article6112180.ece
  43. ↑ "Gadkari favours tunnel instead of 22-km bridge in trans-harbour link project - News". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  44. ↑ "Fadnavis keen to get Chinese firm to build Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link | mumbai". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  45. ↑ Sudhir Suryawanshi (2015-05-21). "Chinese firm likely help Maharashtra to develop the 22.5 km of trans-harbour link connecting Sewri to Nava Seva | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  46. ↑ "Coastal authority nod secured, MTHL now awaits MoEF clearance | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  47. ↑ "Forest clearance for Mumbai Trans Harbour Link with 3.5-year deadline". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2016-01-13. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  48. ↑ "EAC sets deadline for Mumbai Harbour Link | Business Standard News". Business-standard.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  49. ↑ "Boost for trans-harbour link, Metro lines in MMRDA budget | ET RealEstate". ETRealty.com. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  50. ↑ "MTHL project: Green panel asks MMRDA to adhere to directives - The Economic Times". Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  51. 1 2 Jog, Sanjay (14 February 2016). "Japan agrees to fund Rs 17,750-cr Mumbai trans-harbour link". Business Standard India. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  52. ↑ "Japanese funding agency clears loan for Mumbai Trans Harbour Link". Hindustantimes. 9 October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  53. ↑ "MMRDA starts bidding process for Mumbai Trans Harbour Link - The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  54. ↑ Jog, Sanjay (11 May 2016). "MMRDA invites RFQ for Rs 17,750-cr Mumbai Trans Harbour Link". Business Standard India. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  55. ↑ "Mumbai: Finally, bidders come forward for Sewri-Nhava Sheva Trans Harbour Link". The Indian Express. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  56. ↑ Jog, Sanjay (20 September 2016). "26 firms show interest in Mumbai harbour link". Business Standard India. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  57. ↑ "Sewri-Nhava Sheva Trans Harbour link: Bid conditions relaxed". The Indian Express. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  58. ↑ "Consultant for MTHL finalized". The Times of India. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  59. ↑ "Mumbai Trans-Harbour Link: MMRDA approves appointment of general consultants". The Indian Express. 26 November 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  60. ↑ "General consultant appointed for MTHL project". dna. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  61. ↑ "Work on MTHL to start after monsoons in 2017". The Asian Age. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  62. ↑ "30-year evil spell on trans-harbour link ends". Dnaindia.com. 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  63. ↑ "MMRDA's 20-year MTHL dream to be reality soon". mid-day. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  64. ↑ "Port Trust consent to unlock 80% land for MTHL project". The Indian Express. 2012-12-17. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  65. ↑ Rahul Wadke (2014-06-13). "JNPT to pick up stake in Mumbai Trans Harbour Link | Business Line". Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  66. ↑ "Mumbai Port Trust to free 150 hectares for infrastructure projects - The Economic Times". The Economic Times. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  67. ↑ "MMRDA resolves port land acquisition issue to construct MTHL". Hindustan Times. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
  68. ↑ "Govt scraps metro line on trans harbour link". Dnaindia.com. 2012-06-05. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  69. ↑ "Trans Harbour Link project cost hiked to Rs 9630 crore". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  70. ↑ Somit Sen (2012-10-23). "Trans-Harbour Link cost rises by 3,630cr in 7 yrs". The Times Of India. TNN. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  71. ↑ "Trans Harbour Link project cost zooms by Rs 1300 crore in a year". The Indian Express. 2014-02-06. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  72. ↑ http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mthl-mmrda-to-spend-rs-335-crore-for-environment-management-programme-2186247
  73. ↑ http://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/infrastructure/boost-for-trans-harbour-link-metro-lines-in-mmrda-budget/51442340
  74. ↑ http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/mmrda-misses-fadnavis-deadline-mthl-tenders-369
  75. ↑ "Rehabilitation of 800 families poses challenge". The Indian Express. 2013-04-05. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  76. ↑ "From darkness to light". Mumbai Mirror. 2012-08-24. Retrieved 2013-03-13.
  77. ↑ "Worli-Sewri elevated connector could face further delay". The Indian Express. 2014-05-03. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  78. ↑ "Elevated road project faces hurdles before it can take off". The Indian Express. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  79. ↑ "MMRDA to alter elevated road plan". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  80. ↑ "Third cable-stayed bridge in the works". Dnaindia.com. 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  81. 1 2 "Lowest bidder likely to bag Worli-Sewri project". The Indian Express. 2014-01-15. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  82. ↑ Ateeq Shaikh (2014-01-15). "5 firms bid for Sewri-Worli connector | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 2016-01-21.
  83. ↑ "Maharashtra: MMRDA drops Sewri-Worli Elevated Road Connector project". dna. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
  84. ↑ http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/pay-more-mthl-toll-789
  85. ↑ "Project cost for Mumbai Trans Harbour Link doubles, toll for passenger cars won't change". The Financial Express. 27 September 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2016.

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/26/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.