North coast Portuguese

North coast dialect
Dialeto da costa norte
Pronunciation	Portuguese pronunciation: [d͡ʒiaˈlɛtu dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ ˈnɔht͡ʃi]
Native to	North and northwest of Ceará, north of Piauí and northeast of Maranhão
Native speakers	8.5 million (date missing)
Language family	Indo-European Italic Romance Western Ibero-Romance West Iberian Galician-Portuguese Portuguese Vernacular Brazilian North coast dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	None
Linguasphere	51-AAA-am

North coast dialect Portuguese: dialeto da costa norte pronounced: [d͡ʒiaˈlɛtu dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ ˈnɔht͡ʃi], also called cearense dialect, is a dialect of Portuguese in the Brazilian state of Ceará, having many internal variations, like in the regions Jaguaribe and Sertões (backcountries).

Main characteristics

• Preference for the pronoun "tu" instead of "você" (both mean "you"), without distinction of formal and informal speech.^[1]
• Opening of pre-tonic vowels [e] and [o] to [ɛ] and [ɔ], but always obeying a rule of vowel harmony.^[2][3]
• Weakening of [ʎ] and [ɲ] to [j], and reduction of syllables that have these phonemes, represented in Portuguese by "lh" and "nh", respectively.^[4]
• Stronger or low "r" sound, depending on their syllabic position (generally strong at the beginning and middle of words, and weak final syllables). At end of words, "r" consonant is not pronounced.
• Change of [e] and [ẽ] to [i] or [ĩ] and [o] and [õ] to [u] or [ũ].
• Palatalization of fricatives [s] and [z] to [ʃ] or [ʒ], just before the letters "t" and "d" after these letters.
• In Fortaleza and metropolitan area, Ceará North and Ceará Northeast, and close hinterland regions, this group there palatalization phonetic, getting affricates to [d͡ʒi] and [t͡ʃi].
• Stronger "r" is largest uttilizate ([ɦ]), and also debuccalization of phonemes [ʒ], [v] and [z] to [ɦ].^[5]
• Their own words this dialect, which led many authors to write books of various dictionaries such expressions.^[6] This, perhaps, is the mark of people of Ceará, with their antics and lots of humor. Examples: "marminino" (indicates surprise or astonishment, admiration), "abirobado" (something like crazy).^[7][8]

References

1. Freire, Gilson Costa. A REALIZAÇÃO DO ACUSATIVO E DO DATIVO ANAFÓRICOS DE TERCEIRA PESSOA NA ESCRITA BRASILEIRA E LUSITANA. 2005
2. "Sobre as vogais pré-tônicas no Português Brasileiro" (PDF). gel.org.br. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
3. "VARIAÇÃO INTER- E INTRA-DIALETAL NO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO: UM PROBLEMA PARA A TEORIA FONOLÓGICA" (PDF). ich.pucminas.br. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
4. "A DESPALATALIZAÇÃO E CONSEQÜENTE IOTIZAÇÃO NO FALAR DE FORTALEZA" (PDF). profala.ufc.br. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
5. "A NEUTRALIZAÇÃO DOS FONEMAS / v – z - Z / NO FALAR DE FORTALEZA" (PDF). profala.ufc.br. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
6. MONTEIRO, José Lemos. Fontes bibliográficas para o estudo do dialeto cearense. Revista da Academia Cearense da Língua Portuguesa. Fortaleza, 9 : 68-94, 1995
7. "Avexado Dicionário Cearês". web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
8. "Dicionário Cearês Girias Ceará ABC Cearense". dicionarioceares.vilabol.uol.com.br. Archived from the original on 1 December 2008. Retrieved 23 April 2012.