On Narcissism

On Narcissism
The German edition
Author	Sigmund Freud
Original title	Zur Einführung des Narzißmus
Language	German

On Narcissism (German: Zur Einführung des Narzißmus) is a 1914 essay by Sigmund Freud, widely considered an introduction to Freud's theories of narcissism.

In this paper, Freud sums up his earlier discussions on the subject of narcissism and considers its place in sexual development. Furthermore, he looks at the deeper problems of the relation between the ego and external objects, drawing a new distinction between the 'ego-libido' and 'object-libido'. Most importantly he introduces the idea of the 'ego ideal', and the self- observing agency related to it. Freud also looks briefly at his controversies with Carl Jung and Alfred Adler, indeed one of his motives for writing this was probably to show that the concept of narcissism offers an alternative to Jung's non-sexual 'libido' and Adler's 'masculine protest'.

Sigmund Freud

Books	On Aphasia Civilization and Its Discontents The Ego and the Id The Future of an Illusion Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement The Interpretation of Dreams (including On Dreams) Introduction to Psychoanalysis Moses and Monotheism The Psychopathology of Everyday Life The Question of Lay Analysis Studies on Hysteria Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious Totem and Taboo

Essays	"The Aetiology of Hysteria" Beyond the Pleasure Principle Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva Dostoevsky and Parricide Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood Medusa's Head Mourning and Melancholia On Narcissism Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work Thoughts for the Times on War and Death Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality

Case studies	"Dora" (Ida Bauer) Emma Eckstein Herbert Graf ("Little Hans") Irma's injection "Anna O." (Bertha Pappenheim) "Rat Man" Sergei Pankejeff ("Wolfman")

Family	Amalia Freud (mother) Jacob Freud (father) Martha Bernays (wife) Anna Freud (daughter) Ernst L. Freud (son) Edward Bernays (nephew) Clement Freud (grandson) Lucian Freud (grandson) Walter Freud (grandson)

Other	Bibliography Archives Vienna home and museum London home and museum statue Freudian slip Humor Inner circle Neo-Freudianism Views on homosexuality Religious views

Narcissism

Types	Collective Egomania Flying monkeys Healthy Malignant Megalomania Narcissistic personality disorder Spiritual Workplace

Characteristics	Betrayal Boasting Egocentrism Egotism Empathy (lack of) Envy Fantasy Grandiosity Hubris Magical thinking Manipulative Narcissistic abuse Narcissistic elation Narcissistic rage and narcissistic injury Narcissistic mortification Narcissistic supply Narcissistic withdrawal Perfectionism Self-esteem Self-righteousness Shamelessness Superficial charm Superiority complex True self and false self Vanity

Defences	Denial Idealization and devaluation Distortion Projection Splitting

Cultural phenomena	Control freak Don Juanism Dorian Gray syndrome Metrosexual My way or the highway Selfie

Related articles	Codependency Counterdependency Dark triad Ego ideal Egomania (film) Empire-building God complex History of narcissism Messiah complex Micromanagement Narcissism of small differences Narcissistic leadership Narcissistic parent Narcissistic Personality Inventory Narcissus (mythology) On Narcissism (Freud essay) Sam Vaknin Self-love Self-serving bias Spoiled child The Culture of Narcissism (Lasch book) Workplace bullying

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On Narcissism

See also