PYCARD

PYCARD
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UCP, 2KN6, 3J63, 5H8O
Identifiers
Aliases	PYCARD, ASC, CARD5, TMS, TMS-1, TMS1, PYD and CARD domain containing
External IDs	MGI: 1931465 HomoloGene: 8307 GeneCards: PYCARD
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein homodimerization activity • interleukin-6 receptor binding • BMP receptor binding • protein binding • identical protein binding • enzyme binding • cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process • Pyrin domain binding • cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process • myosin I binding • tropomyosin binding • protease binding • ion channel binding • protein dimerization activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • NLRP3 inflammasome complex • NLRP1 inflammasome complex • AIM2 inflammasome complex • nucleolus • endoplasmic reticulum • mitochondrion • IkappaB kinase complex • nucleus • protein complex • cytosol • extracellular region • neuronal cell body Biological process • positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity • positive regulation of interleukin-10 secretion • regulation of apoptotic process • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator • regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator • positive regulation of adaptive immune response • positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • immune system process • cellular response to tumor necrosis factor • regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity • tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of JNK cascade • negative regulation of interferon-beta production • negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling • myeloid dendritic cell activation • positive regulation of T cell activation • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • defense response to virus • cellular response to interleukin-1 • positive regulation of apoptotic process • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production • positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria • negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity • positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway • positive regulation of interleukin-8 secretion • inflammatory response • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide • negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity • signal transduction • apoptotic process • response to bacterium • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • positive regulation of phagocytosis • positive regulation of chemokine secretion • positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion • positive regulation of defense response to virus by host • regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process • positive regulation of interferon-gamma production • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production • positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process • positive regulation of T cell migration • regulation of autophagy • regulation of protein stability • activation of innate immune response • myeloid dendritic cell activation involved in immune response • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II • macropinocytosis • regulation of inflammatory response • activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity • activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process • innate immune response • regulation of GTPase activity • positive regulation of actin filament polymerization • interleukin-1 beta production Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	29108	66824
Ensembl	ENSG00000103490	ENSMUSG00000030793
UniProt	Q9ULZ3	Q9EPB4
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_145183 NM_013258 NM_145182	NM_023258
RefSeq (protein)	NP_037390.2 NP_660183.1	NP_075747.3
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 31.2 – 31.2 Mb	Chr 7: 127.99 – 127.99 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD or ASC is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PYCARD gene.^[3]

Function

This gene encodes an adaptor protein that is composed of two protein–protein interaction domains: a N-terminal PYRIN-PAAD-DAPIN domain (PYD) and a C-terminal caspase-recruitment domain (CARD). The PYD and CARD domains are members of the six-helix bundle death domain-fold superfamily that mediates assembly of large signaling complexes in the inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways via the activation of caspase. In normal cells, this protein is localized to the cytoplasm; however, in cells undergoing apoptosis, it forms ball-like aggregates near the nuclear periphery. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[3]

Interactions

PYCARD has been shown to interact with MEFV.^[4]

References

1. "Human PubMed Reference:".
2. "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
3. "Entrez Gene: PYCARD PYD and CARD domain containing". Retrieved 18 September 2010.
4. Richards N, Schaner P, Diaz A, Stuckey J, Shelden E, Wadhwa A, Gumucio DL (October 2001). "Interaction between pyrin and the apoptotic speck protein (ASC) modulates ASC-induced apoptosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 39320–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104730200. PMID 11498534.

Further reading

• Masumoto J, Taniguchi S, Ayukawa K, Sarvotham H, Kishino T, Niikawa N, Hidaka E, Katsuyama T, Higuchi T, Sagara J (1999). "ASC, a novel 22-kDa protein, aggregates during apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (48): 33835–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.48.33835. PMID 10567338.
• Lee SK, Na SY, Jung SY, Choi JE, Jhun BH, Cheong J, Meltzer PS, Lee YC, Lee JW (2000). "Activating protein-1, nuclear factor-kappaB, and serum response factor as novel target molecules of the cancer-amplified transcription coactivator ASC-2". Mol. Endocrinol. 14 (6): 915–25. doi:10.1210/mend.14.6.0471. PMID 10847592.
• Conway KE, McConnell BB, Bowring CE, Donald CD, Warren ST, Vertino PM (2000). "TMS1, a novel proapoptotic caspase recruitment domain protein, is a target of methylation-induced gene silencing in human breast cancers". Cancer Res. 60 (22): 6236–42. PMID 11103776.
• McConnell BB, Vertino PM (2000). "Activation of a caspase-9-mediated apoptotic pathway by subcellular redistribution of the novel caspase recruitment domain protein TMS1". Cancer Res. 60 (22): 6243–7. PMID 11103777.
• Martinon F, Hofmann K, Tschopp J (2001). "The pyrin domain: a possible member of the death domain-fold family implicated in apoptosis and inflammation". Curr. Biol. 11 (4): R118–20. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00056-2. PMID 11250163.
• Geddes BJ, Wang L, Huang WJ, Lavellee M, Manji GA, Brown M, Jurman M, Cao J, Morgenstern J, Merriam S, Glucksmann MA, DiStefano PS, Bertin J (2001). "Human CARD12 is a novel CED4/Apaf-1 family member that induces apoptosis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 284 (1): 77–82. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4928. PMID 11374873.
• Richards N, Schaner P, Diaz A, Stuckey J, Shelden E, Wadhwa A, Gumucio DL (2001). "Interaction between pyrin and the apoptotic speck protein (ASC) modulates ASC-induced apoptosis". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 39320–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M104730200. PMID 11498534.
• Stimson KM, Vertino PM (2002). "Methylation-mediated silencing of TMS1/ASC is accompanied by histone hypoacetylation and CpG island-localized changes in chromatin architecture". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (7): 4951–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109809200. PMID 11733524.
• Manji GA, Wang L, Geddes BJ, Brown M, Merriam S, Al-Garawi A, Mak S, Lora JM, Briskin M, Jurman M, Cao J, DiStefano PS, Bertin J (2002). "PYPAF1, a PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that assembles with ASC and regulates activation of NF-kappa B". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (13): 11570–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112208200. PMID 11786556.
• Srinivasula SM, Poyet JL, Razmara M, Datta P, Zhang Z, Alnemri ES (2002). "The PYRIN-CARD protein ASC is an activating adaptor for caspase-1". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (24): 21119–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200179200. PMID 11967258.
• Wang L, Manji GA, Grenier JM, Al-Garawi A, Merriam S, Lora JM, Geddes BJ, Briskin M, DiStefano PS, Bertin J (2002). "PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (33): 29874–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203915200. PMID 12019269.
• Shiohara M, Taniguchi S, Masumoto J, Yasui K, Koike K, Komiyama A, Sagara J (2002). "ASC, which is composed of a PYD and a CARD, is up-regulated by inflammation and apoptosis in human neutrophils". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293 (5): 1314–8. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00384-4. PMID 12054656.
• Martinon F, Burns K, Tschopp J (2002). "The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta". Mol. Cell. 10 (2): 417–26. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00599-3. PMID 12191486.
• Stehlik C, Fiorentino L, Dorfleutner A, Bruey JM, Ariza EM, Sagara J, Reed JC (2002). "The PAAD/PYRIN-family protein ASC is a dual regulator of a conserved step in nuclear factor kappaB activation pathways". J. Exp. Med. 196 (12): 1605–15. doi:10.1084/jem.20021552. PMC 2196065. PMID 12486103.
• Moriai R, Tsuji N, Kobayashi D, Yagihashi A, Namiki Y, Takahashi H, Watanabe N (2003). "A proapoptotic caspase recruitment domain protein gene, TMS1, is hypermethylated in human breast and gastric cancers". Anticancer Res. 22 (6C): 4163–8. PMID 12553049.
• Dowds TA, Masumoto J, Chen FF, Ogura Y, Inohara N, Núñez G (2003). "Regulation of cryopyrin/Pypaf1 signaling by pyrin, the familial Mediterranean fever gene product". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 302 (3): 575–80. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00221-3. PMID 12615073.
• Masumoto J, Dowds TA, Schaner P, Chen FF, Ogura Y, Li M, Zhu L, Katsuyama T, Sagara J, Taniguchi S, Gumucio DL, Núñez G, Inohara N (2003). "ASC is an activating adaptor for NF-kappa B and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303 (1): 69–73. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00309-7. PMID 12646168.
• Stehlik C, Krajewska M, Welsh K, Krajewski S, Godzik A, Reed JC (2003). "The PAAD/PYRIN-only protein POP1/ASC2 is a modulator of ASC-mediated nuclear-factor-kappa B and pro-caspase-1 regulation". Biochem. J. 373 (Pt 1): 101–13. doi:10.1042/BJ20030304. PMC 1223462. PMID 12656673.
• Levine JJ, Stimson-Crider KM, Vertino PM (2003). "Effects of methylation on expression of TMS1/ASC in human breast cancer cells". Oncogene. 22 (22): 3475–88. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206430. PMID 12776200.