Road signs in Sweden
Road signs in Sweden are regulated in Vägmärkesförordningen, VMF (2007:90), and are to be placed 2 metres from the road with the sign 1.6m from the base for motorized roads. Except for route numbers, there are a maximum of three signs on a pole, with the most important sign at the top. All signs have a reflective layer added on selected parts of the sign as is custom in European countries; most larger signs also have their own illumination.
Most signs are based on pictograms, with some exceptions like the prohibition-sign for stop at customs and signal and speed limit signs. If the sign includes text, the text is written in Swedish, except the stop sign, which is written in English ("STOP").
Swedish road signs depict people with realistic (as opposed to stylized) silhouettes.
Major differences between Swedish and general European signs
Like other countries in Europe, Swedish sign follow the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals. Whereas European signs usually have white background on warning and prohibition signs, the Swedish signs have a yellow/orange colour. This is for the purpose of enhancing the visibility of the sign during the winter, as white signs would be hard to see in the snow. The prohibition signs have a red line across them if there is a symbol on them, not if it is a numeric value. General European prohibition signs do usually not have such a red line. Swedish warning and prohibition signs also have a thicker border than their European counterparts. Traffic signs in Slovenia and Finland are quite similar.
History
Around 1930 some warning signs and prohibitory signs looking like today's signs with yellow background were introduced. The direction indication signs were however yellow with black text. Around 1965, there was a reform where the colour of those were changed to dark blue with white text. Around 1980, Sweden followed the Vienna convention rule that motorways should have a different colour, so green was introduced for them, and medium blue for ordinary roads.
Private road direction sign
The reason there is a sign indicating private road, is because they are not strictly private. A private road is a road that is not maintained by the state or municipality, but by a private person or association. An owner of a private road in Sweden can prohibit cars (but not people) from using the road. But if the state pays support for the maintenance, cars can't be prohibited. This is mostly the case if several families live along the road. Then they must form an association for it. The Swedish word for this kind of road is "enskild", that can be both translated to "private" and "individual". The background of the sign is yellow, indicating that the quality is often less good, and warning signs might be missing. Signs indicating roads owned by companies or leading to companies usually have white background instead.
Warning signs
Warning signs are triangular and have red borders, but in contrast with those of most other countries that use triangular warning signs, Swedish signs have yellow backgrounds, rather than white. More types of warning signs for animals are used than in most European countries, such as moose, deer, wild boar, reindeer, sheep, horse, and cow appearing alongside roads.
- Dangerous curve to left
- Dangerous curve to right
- Dangerous curves ahead, first to left
- Dangerous curves ahead, first to right
- Steep hill downwards (10%)
- Steep hill upwards (10%)
- Road narrows from both sides
- Drawbridge ahead
- Quayside or ferry berth
- Uneven road ahead
- Slippery road
- Loose chippings
- Falling rocks from corresponding side
- Pedestrian crossing
- Children crossing
- Cyclists and moped riders on carriageway
- Skiers crossing
- Roadworks
- Traffic signals
- Low-flying aircraft
- Crosswind from corresponding side
- Two-way traffic (One-way traffic is ending).
- Tunnel
- Junction
- Junction with a road, the drivers of which must give way
- Roundabout warning
- Level crossing with gates
- Level crossing without gates
- Intersection with tramway line
- Other dangers
- Distance to level crossing
- Single track level crossing
- Multitrack level crossing
Animals
- Moose
- Deer
- Reindeer
- Sheep
- Wild boars
- Cattle
- Wild horses
- Equestrian horses
Prohibitory signs
Prohibitory signs are round with yellow backgrounds and red borders, except the international standard stop sign that is an octagon with red background and white border and the no parking and no standing signs that have a blue background instead of yellow.
- No entry
- No vehicles
- No power-driven vehicles
- No power-driven vehicles with more than 2 wheels
- No motorcycles or mopeds Class I
- No trailers
- No lorries
- No tractors, construction vehicles etc.
- No vehicles carrying dangerous goods
- No cycles or mopeds
- No mopeds
- No animal-drawn vehicles
- No off-road vehicles
- No riding
- No pedestrians
- No vehicles having an overall width exceeding 2.2 meters
- No vehicles having an overall height exceeding 3.5 meters
- No vehicles or combination of vehicles exceeding 20 meters
- Minimum distance between power driven vehicles
- No vehicles exceeding 12 tonnes laden weight
- No vehicles or combination of vehicles exceeding 30 tonnes laden weight or bearing capacity class
- No vehicles having a weight exceeding 6 tonnes on one axle
- No vehicles having a weight exceeding 10 tonnes on a tandem axle
- No U-turn
- No overtaking
- No overtaking by lorries
- Maximum speed
- End of overtaking restriction
- End of overtaking by lorries restriction
- Stop at the sign if the signal shows red
- Stop for police control. There are variants STOPP VAKT (stop for guard) STOPP FÄRJA (stop here when waiting for ferry)
- No parking
- No stopping or parking
- No vehicles with studded tires
- No parking zone
- End of no parking zone
Stop at customs
The sign "Stop at customs" ("Stopp vid tull") is multilingual and exists in four variants.
- Danish
- Finnish
- German
- Norwegian
Mandatory signs
Mandatory signs are always round blue signs with white border.
- Direction to be followed
- Keep right
- Keep left
- Pass either side
- Roundabout mandatory
- Track for cycles and mopeds
- Foot path
- Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers.
- Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers. Dual track
- Compulsory track for pedestrians, cyclists and moped drivers. Dual track
- Track for rider on horseback (and pedestrians)
- Track for off-road vehicles
- Beginning of lane reserved for public transport (and cycles and mopeds Class II).
- End of lane reserved for public transport (and cycles and mopeds Class II).
Signs giving information
The only Swedish diamond shaped sign is the sign informing about priority road, which is a road to which intersection roads have to give way.
- Pedestrian crossing
- Motorway
- End of motorway
- Expressway
- End of expressway
- Built-up area
- End of built-up area
- Pedestrian area
- End of pedestrian area
- Residential area
- End of residential area
- Low-speed road (recommended top speed)
- End of low-speed road
- Maximum recommended speed (in km/h)
- End of maximum recommended speed (in km/h)
- One-way traffic
- No through road
- Passing place
- Parking (max 24 hours on weekdays except weekday before Sunday or holiday).
- Bus
- Taxi rink
- Toll road
- Post office
- Telephone
- Radio station for road and traffic information
- First aid
- Industrial zone
- Information
- Workshop
- Petrol station
- Refreshments
- Restaurant
- Hotel
- Youth hostel
- Holiday chalets
- Camping site
- Caravan site
- Picnic site
- Toilet
- Bathing
- Open-air recreation
- Hiking trail
- Chair lift
- Tow lift
- Golf course
- Fishing licences on sale here
- National heritage
- Park and ride
- The long turn — mandatory turning manoeuvre for pedal cycles and mopeds.
- Advance direction sign, diagrammatic type
- Advance direction sign, stack type
- Lane preselection sign
- Lane merge
- Lane ends
- Temporary sign, left most lane ends
- Temporary sign, Lane merges with oncoming traffic
- Temporary sign, oncoming traffic merges with this lane
- Advance direction sign diagrammatic indicating prohibition of left turning
- Direction sign flag type
- Direction to motorway or expressway
- Sign to specific district or area
- Sign to place reached by a private road
- Sign to local amenities
- Lane assignment type
- Advance direction sign exit ahead from motorway or expressway
- Advance direction sign exit ahead from other road than motorway or expressway
- Direction sign exit sign
- Lorry
- Car
- Airfield
- Airfield straight ahead
- Ferry
- Place indication sign
- Road number sign European highway
- Main highways (other than European highways) numbered 1-499
- Road number sign. Direction to a numbered road
- Road number sign for traffic diversion
- Confirmatory sign
- Interchange number
- Grouped destinations (i.e. For Pajala and Övertorneå, follow signs for Kiruna)
- Recommended route for vehicles carrying dangerous goods
- Tourist route
- Tourist attraction area
- Landmark
- Sign to temporary event
- Recommended route for pedal cycles and mopeds
- Recommended route for pedestrians
- Disabled persons
- Stack type design
- Flag type sign
- Place indication sign
- Confirmatory sign
- Cycle track
Priority signs
- Give way
- Stop
- Priority road
- End of priority road
- Priority for oncoming vehicles
- Priority over oncoming vehicles
Other signs
- End of road works
- Accident
- Limited access on side marker
- Limited access marker
- Limited access arrow marker
- Marking for sharp bends, bridge parapets, abutment, walls, tunnel mouths etc. Arrow marker
- Marking for sharp bends, bridge parapets, abutment, walls, tunnel mouths etc. Side marker
- Marking for obstacle
- Exit
Additional panels
- High voltage cable
- Distance to
- Stop and give way at specified distance ahead
- Lateral clearance
- Total weight
- Times the restriction applies. Weekday; Weekday before Sunday or public holiday in brackets; Sunday and public holiday in red.
- Parking permitted for specified period between times shown
- No parking between times indicated
- Blind persons crossing or in the vicinity of the road
- Deaf persons crossing or in the vicinity of the road
- All way stop
- Parking configuration
- Parking configuration
- Parking configuration
- Parking configuration
- Parking garage
- Length of stretch of road beginning at specified distance from sign
- Length of stretch of road beginning at sign
- Prohibition effective in both directions of the sign
- Prohibition end at sign
- Prohibition effective in the direction of arrow
- Parking, effective in both directions of the sign
- Parking ends at sign
- Parking, effective in direction of arrow
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (lorry)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (lorry)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (handicapped)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bus)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bus)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (motorcycle)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (bike)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (caravan)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (caravan)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car + caravan)
- Symbol plate for specified vehicle or road user category (car + caravan)
- Soft shoulder
- Forestry vehicle crossing ahead
- Direction sign
- Direction sign
- Direction sign
- Direction of priority road at intersect
- Two-way traffic on cycle and moped track
Traffic light signals
Note: tip-down triangles indicates blinking/flashing light.
- Red = Stop!. Red+yellow = The light is turning to green. Green = Go.
Yellow = Stop, but only if safely! - Flashing yellow = Traffic light malfunction
- Bicycle and moped lights
- Pedestrian lights
- Public transport lights
- Lane-control signals
- Lights at level crossing
- Light signals at opening or swing bridges, ferries, airfields, emergency service stations etc.
- Drive with extra caution signal
Road markings
- Centre line
- No passing line
- Warning line
- Centre line and no passing line
- Centre line and warning line
- Warning line and no passing line
- Double no passing line
- Reversible lane markings (lane that may be used for alternating direction of traffic flow)
- Guide line
- Reserved lane line
- Cycle lane marking
- Broken edge line
- Continuous edge line
- Stop line
- Give way line
- Pedestrian crossing
- Cycle crossing
- Lane selection arrows
- Deflecting arrow
- Obstruction marking
- Text conforming bus and taxi lane, text conforming stop line
- Parking bay
- Standing and parking prohibited
- Parking prohibited
- Parking prohibited
- Cycle and moped route
- Advance warning of obligation to give way
- Disabled persons
Signals by police officers
- Control
- Advance direction sign control
- 13.3.1 Slow down
13.3.2 Follow the police car and pull up behind it when it stops
13.3.3 Slow down
13.3.4 Drive off the road and stop in front of the police car
Retired signs
- Road works (1951-1967)
- Stop (1967-1975)
- Derestriction (1951-1967)
- Turn left (1937-1951)
- Turn right (1937-1951)
- Keep left (1937-1951)
- Built-up area (1937-1955)
- Residential area (1967-2007)
- End of residential area (1967-2007)