Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza
| Panteão Real da Casa de Bragança | |
|---|---|
 Overview of the pantheon | |
| Basic information | |
| Location | Monastery of São Vicente de Fora |
| Architectural description | |
| Architectural style |
Mannerist Baroque Neoclassic |
| Groundbreaking | 1834 |
The Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza (Portuguese: Panteão Real da Casa de Bragança), located in the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora in Lisbon, Portugal, is the final resting place for the majority of the Braganza monarchs of Portugal and their families.
History
The Pantheon was created under orders from Ferdinand II of Portugal, transforming the old refectory of the monastery into the burial place it is today. The majority of the tombs are located on the sides of the pantheon, and are simple marble boxes with spaces of four tombs. If the tomb is of a monarch, it has a crown engraved in gold on the side of the tomb and a crown placed on top of the entire set of tombs. The tombs in the center aisle of the pantheon are those belonging to Carlos I of Portugal, Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, Manuel II of Portugal and Queen Amélie of Orléans; the two martyrs of the Lisbon Regicide, the last King of Portugal and the last Queen consort of Portugal.
Burials at the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza
Monarchs and consorts
- King João IV of Portugal
- Queen Consort Luisa de Guzmán
- King Afonso VI of Portugal
- Queen Consort Maria Francisca of Savoy
- King Pedro II of Portugal
- Queen Consort Maria Sophia of Neuburg
- King João V of Portugal
- Queen Consort Maria Anna of Austria
- King José I of Portugal
- Queen Consort Mariana Victoria of Spain
- King Pedro III of Portugal
- King João VI of Portugal
- Queen Consort Carlota Joaquina of Spain
- Queen Maria II of Portugal
- Prince Consort Auguste de Beauharnais
- King Fernando II of Portugal
- King Miguel I of Portugal
- Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (married Miguel after his deposition and the restoration of Queen Maria II)
- King Pedro V of Portugal
- Queen Consort Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- King Luís I of Portugal
- King Carlos I of Portugal
- Queen Consort Amélie of Orléans
- King Manuel II of Portugal
Other burials (Princes and Infantes)
Children of King João IV
Children of King Pedro II
Children of King João V
Children of King José I
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Children of Queen Maria I & King Pedro III
Children of King João VI
Children of Queen Maria II and King Fernando II
Children of King Luís I
Children of King Carlos I
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Braganza monarchs and consorts not buried at the pantheon
All of the Braganza monarchs of Portugal are buried at the royal pantheon, from John IV (1603–1656) to Manuel II (1889–1932), except:
- Queen Maria I is buried in the Estrela Basilica in Lisbon. She died in 1816, while the Royal Court was in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and was initially laid to rest at the Ajuda Convent in Rio de Janeiro, but her remains were brought to Lisbon after the return of the Royal Family to Portugal. However, she was never buried in the Braganza Pantheon, and instead the Estrela Basilica was chosen as her resting place.
- King Pedro IV, also known as Emperor Pedro I of Brazil, was initially buried in the Pantheon, but his remains were offered to Brazil in 1972 (to mark the 150th anniversary of the Brazilian Proclamation of Independence) and they were then laid to rest at the Monument to the Independence of Brazil in São Paulo, Brazil. His heart is interred in the Church of Our Lady of Lapa, in Porto, Portugal.
- Queen Consort Maria Leopoldina of Austria, who was Queen Consort of Portugal during the brief reign of Pedro IV, is interred next to the body of her husband at the Monument to the Independence of Brazil in São Paulo, Brazil. She never set foot in Portugal, but became a Portuguese Princess by marriage when she wed the then Prince Pedro, Prince Royal of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves in 1817, while the Portuguese Royal Court was in Rio de Janeiro. She subsequently remained in Brazil with her husband, and became Empress Consort of Brazil when Pedro proclaimed the independence of Brazil and was acclaimed as Emperor Pedro I. When Pedro briefly held the Portuguese Crown as Pedro IV from March to May, 1826, Empress Maria Leopoldina became Queen Consort of Portugal. She died in December 1826, and, before her remains were transferred to the Monument to the Independence of Brazil in 1972, was initially buried in the Convent of Santo Antônio in Rio de Janeiro.
- Queen Consort Maria Pia, consort of King Luís I of Portugal, is buried in the Pantheon of the House of Savoy in the Basilica of Superga in Turin, Italy.
- Princess Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern, consort of King Manuel II of Portugal (the couple wed after his deposition and the abolition of the Monarchy), is buried at Langenstein Castle, owned by the family of her second husband (Count Robert Douglas).
Former burials
- Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, a member of the House of Braganza and son of King Pedro IV, was buried in the pantheon from 1891 until 1921, before his body was transferred to the imperial crypt at Petrópolis Cathedral in Brazil.
- Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil, King Pedro IV's only child from his second marriage, conceived after his abdication of the Portuguese Crown, was buried in the pantheon from her moving from Madeira a few months after her death in 1853 until 1982, before her body was transferred to the Convento de Santo Antônio in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- King Carol II of Romania and Magda Lupescu were buried in the pantheon before their return to Romania.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza. |
Sources
- Dias, Paulo (2006). Real Panteão dos Bragança: arte e memória. Antília Editora. ISBN 972-99612-9-8.
- Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty (In Portuguese)
- History of the Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty (In Portuguese)
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Coordinates: 38°42′53″N 9°07′37″W / 38.71472°N 9.12694°W
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