House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Casa de Bragança-Saxe-Coburgo e Gotha
Country	Kingdom of Portugal
Parent house	House of Braganza House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (male line)
Titles	King of Portugal King of the Algarve Prince Royal of Portugal Prince of Beira Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Infante of Portugal Duke of Braganza Duke of Guimarães Duke of Barcelos Duke of Porto Duke of Beja Duke of Coimbra Duke of Saxony Marquis of Vila Viçosa Count of Guimarães Count of Barcelos Count of Arraiolos Count of Ourém Count of Neiva
Founded	9 April 1836
Final ruler	Manuel II
Current head	Extinct
Deposition	5 October 1910

The House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha^[1] (also known as the House of Coburg-Braganza)^[2] is a term used to categorize the last four rulers of the Kingdom of Portugal, and their families, from 1853 until the declaration of the republic in 1910. Its name derives from the four kings descended in a patrilineal line from King Ferdinand II of Portugal (of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) and in a matrilineal line from Queen Maria II of Portugal (of the House of Braganza).

The designation Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is prevalent mainly in the writings of non-Portuguese historians and genealogists, as European custom classifies a descendant branch on the basis of patrilineal descent, which means that the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is a cadet branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Nonetheless, the 1838 Portuguese constitution stated that the House of Braganza was the ruling house of Portugal, by way of Queen Maria II, and her descendants still continued to style themselves as members of the House of Braganza, as opposed to Saxe-Coburg-Gotha-Braganza.^[3] The house is extinct.

History

The royal house was founded by Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Koháry who on 9 April 1836 married Queen Maria II of Portugal from the House of Braganza. Members of the royal house held the title Infante (or Infanta) of Portugal and Duke (or Duchess) of Saxony.^[4] On 15 November 1853, Queen Maria II died, and her eldest son succeeded to the throne as Pedro V, the first king of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty.

The dynasty remained on the throne until the outbreak in Portugal of the 5 October 1910 revolution when King Manuel II of Portugal was deposed and the Portuguese First Republic was established. Manuel II went into exile in Fulwell Park, England, and, with his death on 2 July 1932, the House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha became extinct.^[1]

Modern claims

Before his death in 1932, King Manuel II had been in negotiations with the rival Miguelist branch of the House of Braganza, who had claimed the Portuguese throne since 1834, in opposition to the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty. On the King's death, the claim to the exctinct throne of Portugal passed to Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza.^[5][6]

In 1932, a woman, calling herself Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança,^[7][8] claimed to be the illegitimate daughter of King Carlos I of Portugal and claimed the right to the titles of Duchess of Braganza and to be the rightful Queen of Portugal.^[9] Maria Pia claimed that King Carlos I legitimized her through a royal decree and placed her in the line of succession, however no proof was presented to demonstrate this and the King similarly did not have the personal authority to do so. Maria Pia's paternity was never proven and her claim not widely accepted.

Rulers

• Pedro V (1853–1861)
• Luis I (1861–1889)
• Carlos I (1889–1908)
• Manuel II (1908–1910)

Family tree

Fernando II

Maria II

Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

Pedro V

Luís I

Maria Pia of Savoy

João, Duke of Beja

Maria Anna

George, King of Saxony

Antónia

Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern

Augusto, Duke of Coimbra

Amélie of Orléans

Carlos I

Afonso, Duke of Porto

Nevada Stoody Hayes

Prince Luís Filipe

Manuel II

Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen

See also

• Line of succession to the former Portuguese throne
• List of Portuguese monarchs

References

1. Almanach de Gotha (175th ed.). Justus Perthes. 1938. p. 112.
2. Maclagan, Michael (2002). Lines of Succession. Tables by Jiri Louda. Time Warner Books. p. 187. ISBN 0-316-72428-9.
3. CONSTITUIÇÃO POLITICA DA MONARCHIA PORTUGUEZA p. Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
4. Almanach de Gotha (146th ed.). Justus Perthes. 1909. p. 66.
5. "Monarchist Breach Closed In Portugal". The New York Times. 1930-05-18. p. N1.
6. "Successor Expects Throne". The New York Times. 1932-07-06. p. 19.
7. "Princess Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg, duchess of Braganza" in CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy, page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (August 31, 2012).
8. "...Her Royal Highness D. Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Braganza, the Crown Princess of Portugal" in Jean Pailler; Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;
9. Jean Pailler; Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006.

Further reading

• PINTO, Albano Anthero da Silveira; VISCONDE, Augusto Romano Sanches de Baêna e Farinha; Resenha das familías titulares e grandes de Portugal (Volume 1). Lisboa: Empreza Editora de Francisco Arthur da Silva (1883). Pág. 313
• McCULLOCH, John Ramsay; A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical: of the various Countries, Places, and Principal Natural Objects in the World (Volume 4). Longmans: Green (1866). Pág. 14
• Almanach de Gotha. Justus Perthes Publishing House in Gotha; 175th ed.
• American Annals of Education (Volume 18). Otis: Broaders (1869).
• ROBINSON, James Harvey; BEARD, Charles Austin; The development of modern Europe: an introduction to the study of current history. Ginn & Company (1908). Pág. 27.
• The British Almanac: Containing Astronomical, Official and Other Information Relating to the British Isles, the Dominions Oversea and Foreign Countries. Stationers Company (1909). Pág. 457
• W.H. De Puy; The Century Reference Library of Universal Knowledge (Volume 8). National Newspapers Company (1909).
• ROLT-WHEELER, Francis; DRINKER, Frederick E.; The World War for Liberty: A Comprehensive and Authentic History of the War by Land, Sea and Air. C.H. Robinson Company (1919). Pág. 382
• COLENBRANDER, Herman Theodoor; deel. Algemeene koloniale geschiedenis. M. Nijhoff (1925). Pág. 26.
• Current History (Volume 38). New York Times Company (1933). Pág. 239.
• The Catholic Encyclopedia: Laprade-Mass. Appleton (1950). Pág. 282.
• FRANCIS, John Michael (Editor); Iberia and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History (Transatlantic Relations), 3 Volumes Set. ABC-CLIO (November 21, 2005). Págs. 724 e 1112.
• OLIVEIRA, Barradas de; Quando os cravos murcham (Volume 2). Edições FP (1984). Pág. 41.
• FIGUEIREDO, Fidelino de; Revista de História (Volumes 10-11). Emprêsa Literária Fluminense (1921). Pág. 220.
• PAILLER, Jean; Maria Pia of Braganza: The Pretender. New York: ProjectedLetters, 2006;
• CHILCOTE, Ronald H.; The Portuguese Revolution: State and Class in the Transition to Democracy, page 37. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers; Reprint edition (August 31, 2012).

External links