Silver nitrite

Silver nitrite

Names
IUPAC name silver;nitrite
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-99-5
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	141361
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.128
EC Number	232-041-7
PubChem	160904
InChI InChI=1S/Ag.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h;(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1 Key: KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES N(=O)[O-].[Ag+]
Properties
Chemical formula	AgNO2
Molar mass	153.87 g/mol
Appearance	colorless to yellow crystals
Melting point	140 °C (284 °F; 413 K)
Solubility in water	0.155 g/100 mL (0 °C) 0.275 g/100 mL (15 °C) 1.363 g/100 mL (60 °C)
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol
Hazards
Safety data sheet	Sigma-Aldrich
EU classification (DSD)	not listed
NFPA 704	0 2 2
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO₂.^[1]

Applications

Silver nitrite has many applications. Notable examples include:

• The production of aniline compounds.
• General oxidizing agent.
• Victor Meyer type nucleophilic substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds.^[2]
• Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine.^[3]

Production

Silver nitrite is produced from the reaction between silver nitrate and an alkali nitrite, such as sodium nitrite.^[2] Silver nitrite is much less soluble in water than silver nitrate, and a solution of silver nitrate will readily precipitate silver nitrite upon addition of sodium nitrite:

AgNO_{3 (aq)} + NaNO_{2 (s)} → NaNO_{3 (aq)} + AgNO_{2 (precipitate)}

Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction between silver sulfate and barium nitrite.

References

1. American elements
2. Kornblum, N.; Ungnade, H. E. (1958). "1-NITROÖCTANE" (PDF). Organic Synthesis. 38: 75. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
3. Waldman, Steve; Monte, Aaron, Monte; Bracey, Ann & Nichols, David (1996). "One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines". Tetrahedron Letters. 37 (44): 7889–7892. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2. Retrieved 4 January 2014.