Stagira (ancient city)

For the modern village, see Stagira.
Stagira

Remains of the town wall of Stagira
Shown within Greece
Alternate name Stageira
Location Olimpiada, Central Macedonia, Greece
Coordinates 40°35′30″N 23°47′41″E / 40.59167°N 23.79472°E / 40.59167; 23.79472Coordinates: 40°35′30″N 23°47′41″E / 40.59167°N 23.79472°E / 40.59167; 23.79472
Type Settlement
History
Builder Ionian settlers from Andros
Founded 655 BC
Associated with Aristotle
Site notes
Condition Ruined
Ownership Public
Management 16th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities
Public access Yes
Website Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Tourism

Stagira (/stəˈdʒaɪrə/), Stagirus (/stəˈdʒaɪrəs/), or Stageira (Greek: Στάγειρα or Στάγειρος) was an ancient Greek city, located in central Macedonia, near the eastern coast of the peninsula of Chalkidice, and is chiefly known for being the birthplace of Aristotle, who was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. The city lies approximately 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north northeast of the present-day village of Stagira, close to the town of Olympiada.

Stagira was founded in 655 BC by Ionian settlers from Andros.[1] Xerxes I of Persia occupied it in 480 BC. The city later joined the Delian League, led by Athens, but left in 424 BC: as a result, the Athenian demagogue Cleon laid siege to it in 422 BC. However, Cleon was a poor strategist and his conduct of the siege was very inefficient: so much so that the ancient Greek comedy writer Aristophanes satirised him in the play The Knights.[2] Cleon died in the same year, in the battle of Amphipolis. Later, during the Peloponnesian War, Stagira sided with Sparta against the Athenians.[1]

In 348 BC, Philip II of Macedon occupied and destroyed the city.[1] In return for Aristotle's tutoring of his son Alexander, Philip later rebuilt the city and resettled the old city's inhabitants, who had been enslaved. Many new structures were built at this time, including an aqueduct, two shrines to Demeter, and many houses.

References

  1. 1 2 3 http://www.travel-to-halkidiki.com/place.php?id=15
  2. ↑ http://classics.mit.edu/Aristophanes/knights.html


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