Tatra 815

T815, T815-2, TERRN°1
Overview
Manufacturer Tatra
Production 1983 – present
Assembly Kopřivnice, Moravia, Czech Republic
Body and chassis
Class Heavy Truck
Body style COE
Cab forward
Powertrain
Engine

[1] Diesel naturally aspirated or turbocharged

  • Tatra (Air-cooled)
    • V8 (12.6 L) 1983-present
    • V10 (15.8 L)1983-present
    • V12 (19.0 L) 1983-present
  • Deutz
    • V6 (11.9 L)
    • V8 (15.8 L)
  • Cummins
    • L10 (10.0 L)
    • M11 (10.8 L)
    • ISM (10.8 L)
    • ISL (8.9 L)
    • ISB (5.9 L)
  • CAT
    • C13 (12.5 L)
    • C15 (15.2 L)
    • C18 (18.1 L)
  • Detroit
    • 6067SK60 (11.1 L)
  • MTU
    • V12 (183TD224)(22.5 L)
    • V12 (1163) (440 kW) [2]
Transmission

[3]

  • Tatra
    • 10 speed manual(10TS180)
    • 14 speed manual(14TS210L)
    • 14 speed semi-automatic
  • TwinDisc
    • 6-speed automatic (TD-61-1175)
    • 10-speed automatic (TD-101-3600)
  • Allison
    • 5- & 6-speed automatic
Chronology
Predecessor Tatra T813
Tatra ON AIR T3D-928 EURO 5 SCR
Overview
Manufacturer Tatra
Combustion chamber
Configuration V8
Displacement 12,667 cc
Cylinder bore 120 mm (4.7 in)
Piston stroke 140 mm (5.5 in)
Combustion
Turbocharger 1
Fuel type Diesel fuel
Cooling system Air-cooled
Output
Power output
  • 280 kW (375 hp) @ 1700-1750 rpm
  • 325 kW (436 hp) @ 1700-1750 rpm
Torque output
  • 1,800 N·m (1,300 ft·lbf) @ 1000-1200 rpm
  • 2,100 N·m (1,500 ft·lbf) @ 1000-1200 rpm
Dimensions
Dry weight ~ 1,200 kg (2,646 lb)

Tatra T815 is a truck family, produced by Czech company Tatra. It uses the traditional tatra concept of rigid backbone tube and swinging half-axles giving independent suspension. The vehicles are available in 4x4, 6x6, 8x8, 10x8, 10x10, 12x8 and 12x12 variants. There are both air-cooled and liquid-cooled engines available with power ranging from 230–440 kilowatts (310–590 hp). As a successor to Tatra T813 it was originally designed for extreme off-road conditions, while nowadays there are also variants designated for mixed (both off- and on-road) use.

The T815 and its descendant models brought the Czech truck racer Karel Loprais to victory six times in the Dakar Rally.

T815 TERRN°1 2010 facelift

History

Designed to eventually replace T148 the prototype T157 was introduced in 1970 and several more prototypes were designed between 1970 and 1974 period but no production resulted. Due to protests from another Czech manufacturer LIAZ which was assigned by the government central planning committee to manufacture trucks of similar class Tatra dropped the T157 and instead started to concentrate on a heavier class as the replacement for T813 and T148 which was introduced in 1983 as T815 series. In 1989 Tatra modernized T815 series and introduced new T815-2 which received further upgrade in 1994 and just 3 years later in 1997 the new cabin TerrN°1 is introduced. Another facelift followed in 2000 where changes included among others new instrument panel and cab attachment and for the first time there is an option for fitment of liquid-cooled engines. The latest facelift of cabin came in July 2010. Due to emission requirements changes in 2003 Tatra developed all new V8 engine T3C to comply with Euro III where it followed the tradition once again with its air cooling design. The further developed T3D engine was introduced in 2006 with its SCR and Euro IV compliance.[4]

Design

While most other manufacturers derive their trucks from road applications, Tatra T815 was purposely designed for extreme off-road conditions, and its road versions are derived from the off-road original concept. The principle consists in a central load-carrying tube with independently suspended swinging half-axles bolted as one whole. This gives Tatra vehicles outstanding driving qualities in the most difficult terrains. The concept allows higher off-road speed compared to classical rigid axle design.

Central load-carrying tube

The primary structural feature of Tatra trucks is the central load carrying tube, also called a backbone frame. All other parts of the truck are mounted to this rigid assembly. The inherently high torsional and flexural rigidity of this layout protects superstructures from the motions and forces on the axles. Torque distribution to the axles is also carried within the backbone.[5]

Differential

Tatra differentials[6] are a unique design that uses two opposing spiral bevel gears instead of the usual single set. The differential gears are part of the input drive shaft rather than between the output axles as in a conventional differential. All versions of the Tatra differential have locking pins that can force the differential gears to rotate together, “locking” the differential. This arrangement had two distinct advantages. The first is that the dual output bevel gears allow the axles to swing around the drive axle without the need for universal couplings. The second is that the input drive shaft goes essentially straight through the differential housing, allowing simple coupling to a second set of swing axles. This modular design enables configurations of 2, 3, 4, 5, or even 6 axles with all axles driven. The whole assembly is part of the backbone frame.

Suspension

Front

Rear

All suspension types are equipped with telescopic shock absorbers; some versions also have stabilizer torsion bars.

Engine

The Tatra engine[1] is an air-cooled, OHV, currently 12.7 liter 90° V8 120 x 140 mm diesel engine with direct fuel injection. It is turbocharged by one Holset WasteGate turbocharger, and equipped with an intercooler placed directly over the engine. The engine is equipped with a mechanically controlled in-line Bosch injection pump. Its roller crankshaft bolted together from individual segments belongs among unique technical solutions. The engine is available in emission specifications Euro 2 - Euro 5 with power output ranging from 230 to 325 kilowatts (308 to 436 hp) and 1,400–2,100 N·m (1,000–1,500 lbf·ft) torque. Originally was the T 815 truck optionally powered by the same range V10 (15.8 liter) and V12 (19 liter) air-cooled Tatra engines without turbo and intercooler or by biturbo V12 until the Euro 1 emission limits.

Tatra T815 can be fitted also with water-cooled engines made by other manufacturers - notably Cummins and Deutz with power ranging from 260 to 440 kilowatts (350 to 590 hp) with 1,550–2,750 N·m (1,140–2,030 lbf·ft) torque.

The most powerful MTU engine that was used in a T815 prototype tank prime mover had 610 kilowatts (820 hp) displacing 21,930 cc.

Transmission

Tatra T815 8x8 crane with low cab

Cab

Tatra T815 TERRN°1 4x4 fire engine

Tatra T815 is equipped with own Tatra-produced COE cab.[9] There is basic version, extended version with room behind seats used for a berth and especially for fire-fighting applications a long four-door cab enabling transportation of up to six persons.

There is also special low cab version used mostly for cranes and other special applications. The cab is situated in front of the front axle.

Equipment

Variants

Tatra T815 TP 6x6 military version
Tatra T815 NVA military troop and cargo carrier
Tatra T815 rally raid 4x4

T815 Users

Civilian

Europe

All versions for all applications are sold in countries of Central and Eastern Europe as well as in Germany and France. In Central Europe the trucks are used mostly by construction companies, logging companies and mining companies. They are notably popular as fire-fighting engines. In far Russian east the Tatra Trucks are used by oil and gas companies in the most difficult terrains, where also the air-cooled engine proves its superiority over water-cooled during harsh winter time.

America

T815 is exported to the USA and Brazil. It used to be marketed under mark "American Truck Company" in the USA, where T815 and T816 Force is used as heavy fire-fighting engine.

Australia

In Australia T815 is used notably by mining companies (i.e. as heavy drill 10x10 carrier)[10]

India

There is assembly line of Tatra vehicles in India.

T815 is available also in some African and Asian countries

Military

Sri Lanka Army MT-55A Armored Vehicle-launched Bridge pulled by Tatra T815 Truck

All Variety Types of Tatra Trucks and Chassis like T815 & T810 vehicles are widely used by military in the following countries Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, UAE, India, Italy, France, and USA with many other countries.

TATRAPAN of Slovak Army

Derivatives

Specifications

Tatra vehicle coding

The full name of a given vehicle explains most essential information about it.[11] Take as example T 815 - 231S25 28 325 6 x 6 . 2 R / 34 1:

References

  1. 1 2 "Tatra engines". Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  2. ↑ http://technet.idnes.cz/tatra-tezba-bridlicna-bridlice-dex-/tec_technika.aspx?c=A140528_134440_tec_technika_mla
  3. 1 2 "Tatra transmissions". Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  4. ↑ "Tatra T815" (in Czech). Archived from the original on June 5, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  5. ↑ "Central load carrying tube". Archived from the original on December 27, 2009. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  6. ↑ "Tatra axles". Archived from the original on May 30, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  7. ↑ "Tatra front suspension". Archived from the original on June 8, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  8. ↑ "Tatra rear suspension". Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  9. ↑ "Tatra cab". Archived from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  10. ↑ "Off-road trucks Australia". Retrieved 11 June 2010.
  11. ↑ "Tatra vehicle coding" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 22, 2009. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tatra 815.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/6/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.