Taxonomy of the Lepidoptera
This is a taxonomy of the insect order Lepidoptera down to family level.[1]
Lepidoptera consists of moths (42 superfamilies), most of which are night-flying, and a derived group, mainly day-flying, called butterflies (superfamily Papilionoidea). Within Lepidoptera as a whole, the groups listed below before Glossata contain a few basal families accounting for less than 200 species; the bulk of Lepidoptera are in the Glossata. Similarly, within the Glossata, there are a few basal groups listed first, with the bulk of species in the Heteroneura. Basal groups within Heteroneura cannot be defined with as much confidence, as there are still some disputes concerning the proper relations among these groups. At the family level, however, most groups are well defined, and the families are commonly used by hobbyists and scientists alike.
Unassigned fossil lepidopterans
- Family unassigned (12 genera, 16 species)
- Family Archaeolepidae
- Family Mesokristenseniidae
- Family Eolepidopterigidae
- Family Undopterigidae
Suborder Zeugloptera
- Superfamily Micropterigoidea
- Family Micropterigidae
Suborder Aglossata
- Superfamily Agathiphagoidea
- Family Agathiphagidae
Suborder Heterobathmiina
- Superfamily Heterobathmioidea
- Family Heterobathmiidae
Suborder Glossata
Infraorder Dacnonypha
- Superfamily Eriocranioidea
- Family Eriocraniidae
Infraorder Acanthoctesia
- Superfamily Acanthoctesia
- Family Acanthopteroctetidae
Infraorder Lophocoronina
- Superfamily Lophocoronoidea
- Family Lophocoronidae
Infraorder Neopseustina
- Superfamily Neopseustoidea
- Family Neopseustidae
Infraorder Exoporia
- Superfamily Mnesarchaeoidea
- Family Mnesarchaeidae
- Superfamily Hepialoidea
- Family Palaeosetidae
- Family Prototheoridae
- Family Neotheoridae
- Family Anomosetidae
- Family Hepialidae
Infraorder Heteroneura
Clade Nepticulina
- Superfamily Nepticuloidea
- Family Nepticulidae
- Family Opostegidae
Clade Eulepidoptera, encompassing all remaining groups
Clade Incurvariina
- Superfamily Andesianoidea
- Family Andesianidae
- Superfamily Adeloidea
- Family Heliozelidae
- Family Adelidae
- Family Incurvariidae
- Family Cecidosidae
- Family Prodoxidae
Clade Etimonotrysia
- Superfamily Palaephatoidea
- Family Palaephatidae
- Superfamily Tischerioidea
- Family Tischeriidae
Clade Ditrysia, encompassing all remaining groups
- Family unassigned (25 genera, 100 species)
- Family Millieriidae
- Superfamily Tineoidea
- Family Eriocottidae
- Family Psychidae
- Family Tineidae
- Superfamily Gracillarioidea
- Family Roeslerstammiidae
- Family Bucculatricidae
- Family Gracillariidae
- Superfamily Yponomeutoidea
- Family Yponomeutidae
- Family Argyresthiidae
- Family Plutellidae
- Family Glyphipterigidae
- Family Ypsolophidae
- Family Attevidae
- Family Praydidae
- Family Heliodinidae
- Family Bedelliidae
- Family Lyonetiidae
Clade Apoditrysia, encompassing all remaining groups
- Family Prodidactidae
- Family Douglasiidae
- Superfamily Simaethistoidea
- Family Simaethistidae
- Superfamily Gelechioidea
- Family Autostichidae
- Family Lecithoceridae
- Family Xyloryctidae
- Family Blastobasidae
- Family Oecophoridae
- Family Schistonoeidae
- Family Lypusidae
- Family Chimabachidae
- Family Peleopodidae
- Family Elachistidae
- Family Syringopaidae
- Family Coelopoetidae
- Family Stathmopodidae
- Family Epimarptidae
- Family Batrachedridae
- Family Coleophoridae
- Family Momphidae
- Family Pterolonchidae
- Family Scythrididae
- Family Cosmopterigidae
- Family Gelechiidae
- Superfamily Alucitoidea
- Family Tineodidae
- Family Alucitidae
- Superfamily Pterophoroidea
- Family Pterophoridae
- Superfamily Carposinoidea
- Family Copromorphidae
- Family Carposinidae
- Superfamily Schreckensteinioidea
- Family Schreckensteiniidae
- Superfamily Epermenioidea
- Family Epermeniidae
- Superfamily Urodoidea
- Family Urodidae
- Superfamily Immoidea
- Family Immidae
- Superfamily Choreutoidea
- Family Choreutidae
- Superfamily Galacticoidea
- Family Galacticidae
- Superfamily Tortricoidea
- Family Tortricidae
- Superfamily Cossoidea
- Family Brachodidae
- Family Cossidae
- Family Dudgeoneidae
- Family Metarbelidae
- Family Ratardidae
- Family Castniidae
- Family Sesiidae
- Superfamily Zygaenoidea
- Family Epipyropidae
- Family Cyclotornidae
- Family Heterogynidae
- Family Lacturidae
- Family Phaudidae
- Family Dalceridae
- Family Limacodidae
- Family Megalopygidae
- Family Aididae
- Family Somabrachyidae
- Family Himantopteridae
- Family Zygaenidae
Clade Obtectomera, encompassing all remaining groups
- Superfamily Whalleyanoidea
- Family Whalleyanidae
- Superfamily Thyridoidea
- Family Thyrididae
- Superfamily Hyblaeoidea
- Family Hyblaeidae
- Superfamily Calliduloidea
- Family Callidulidae
- Superfamily Hedyloidea
- Family Hedylidae
- Superfamily Hesperioidea
- Family Hesperiidae
- Superfamily Papilionoidea
- Family Papilionidae
- Family Pieridae
- Family Riodinidae
- Family Lycaenidae
- Family Nymphalidae
- Superfamily Pyraloidea
- Superfamily Mimallonoidea
- Family Mimallonidae
Clade Macroheterocera (Macrolepidoptera)
- Superfamily Drepanoidea
- Family Cimeliidae
- Family Doidae
- Family Drepanidae
- Superfamily Lasiocampoidea
- Family Lasiocampidae
- Superfamily Bombycoidea
- Family Apatelodidae
- Family Eupterotidae
- Family Brahmaeidae
- Family Phiditiidae
- Family Anthelidae
- Family Carthaeidae
- Family Endromidae
- Family Bombycidae
- Family Saturniidae
- Family Sphingidae
- Superfamily Geometroidea
- Family Epicopeiidae
- Family Sematuridae
- Family Uraniidae
- Family Geometridae
- Superfamily Noctuoidea
- Family Oenosandridae
- Family Notodontidae
- Family Erebidae
- Family Euteliidae
- Family Nolidae
- Family Noctuidae
References
- ↑ van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Lauri Kaila, Ian J. Kitching, Niels P. Kristensen, David C. Lees, Joël Minet, Charles Mitter, Marko Mutanen, Jerome C. Regier, Thomas J. Simonsen, Niklas Wahlberg, Shen-Horn Yen, Reza Zahiri, David Adamski, Joaquin Baixeras, Daniel Bartsch, Bengt Å. Bengtsson, John W. Brown, Sibyl Rae Bucheli, Donald R. Davis, Jurate De Prins, Willy De Prins, Marc E. Epstein, Patricia Gentili-Poole, Cees Gielis, Peter Hättenschwiler, Axel Hausmann, Jeremy D. Holloway, Axel Kallies, Ole Karsholt, Akito Y. Kawahara, Sjaak (J.C.) Koster, Mikhail V. Kozlov, J. Donald Lafontaine, Gerardo Lamas, Jean-François Landry, Sangmi Lee, Matthias Nuss, Kyu-Tek Park, Carla Penz, Jadranka Rota, Alexander Schintlmeister, B. Christian Schmidt, Jae-Cheon Sohn, M. Alma Solis, Gerhard M. Tarmann, Andrew D. Warren, Susan Weller, Roman V. Yakovlev, Vadim V. Zolotuhin, Andreas Zwick (23 December 2011). Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, ed. "Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758" (PDF). Zootaxa. Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. 3148: 212–221. Retrieved 4 November 2012. Cite uses deprecated parameter
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- Capinera, John L. (Editor). (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology, (2nd Ed). Springer Reference. ISBN 1-4020-6242-7, ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1. Ltd preview in Google Books. Accessed on 14 Mar 2010.
- Scoble, M.J. (1995) The Lepidoptera: form, function and diversity. The Oxford University Press, Oxford UK. ISBN 0-19-854952-0. Ltd preview in Google Books. Accessed on 14 Mar 2010.