Timeline of Munich

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Munich, Germany.

Prior to 17th century

• 1158 - Henry the Lion builds bridge, mint, and salt-depot.^[1]
• 1175 - Munich gains official status as city.
• 1239 - Coat of arms of Munich in use.
• 1240 - Otto II Wittelsbach in power.
• 1255 - City becomes ducal residence of Upper Bavaria.
• 1327 - Fire.^[2]
• 1368 - Cathedral construction begins.^[2]
• 1383 - Löwenbräu founded.^[3]
• 1385 - Castle built.
• 1394 - Town Hall built.
• 1397 - Guild uprising.
• 1429 - Fire.
• 1482 - Johann Schauer sets up printing press.^[4]
• 1494 - Frauenkirche consecrated.
• 1506 - City becomes capital of Bavaria.
• 1576 - Jesuit school built (approximate date).^[5]

17th-18th centuries

• 1609 - Catholic League founded.
• 1617 - Hofgarten laid out.
• 1632 - City occupied by Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden.^[2]
• 1634 - Bubonic plague.
• 1638 - Mary's Column erected, Marienplatz.
• 1653 - State opera active.
• 1675 - Nymphenburg Palace built.
• 1688 - Premiere of Steffani's opera Niobe.
• 1690 - Theatine Church built.
• 1705 - Sendlinger Mordweihnacht.
• 1739 - Amalienburg built.
• 1742 - Habsburgs in power.
• 1753 - Cuvilliés Theatre built.
• 1759 - Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities founded.
• 1762
  • 28 April: Fire.^[6]
  • Hoforchester active.
• 1781 - Premiere of Mozart's opera Idomeneo.^[7]
• 1789 - Englischer Garten laid out.
• 1797 - Charitable soup kitchen begins operating.^[8]

19th century

See also: Timeline of Munich/1801–1900 (in German)

• 1800 - 2 July: City taken by French forces.^[2]
• 1806 - City becomes capital of Kingdom of Bavaria.
• 1807
  • Viktualienmarkt active.
  • Hofgartenkaserne built.
  • Augustiner-Keller beer garden in business.
• 1808 - Royal Academy of Fine Arts established.
• 1809 - Alte Münze in use.
• 1810 - Wiesnwirt (Oktoberfest) begins.^[8]
• 1818
  • National Theatre built.
  • Lese-Konditorei (reading cafe) in business.^[8]
• 1826
  • Ludwig Maximilian University relocates to Munich.^[2]
  • Türkenkaserne built.
• 1830
  • Ludwigstrasse laid out (approximate date).
  • Glyptothek built.^[9]
• 1836 - Alte Pinakothek established.^[10]
• 1837 - Allerheiligen-Hofkirche built.
• 1839 - Train station opens.
• 1843
  • State Library building constructed.
  • Paläontologisches Museum established.^[11]
• 1844
  • Ludwigskirche consecrated.
  • Feldherrnhalle constructed.
• 1848 - München-Pasing station opens.
• 1853
  • Maximilianstraße laid out.
  • Neue Pinakothek established.^[12]
• 1854 - Glaspalast built; city hosts First General German Industrial Exhibition
• 1855 - Bavarian National Museum founded.
• 1861 - Population: 148,201.^[13]
• 1862 - Propylaea constructed.
• 1865 - Premiere of Wagner's opera Tristan und Isolde.^[7]
• 1867 - Royal Bavarian Music School established.
• 1868 - State Museum of Ethnology founded.
• 1869 - Museum für Abgüsse Klassischer Bildwerke created.
• 1871
  • Haidhausen station and München Süd station open.
  • Population: 169,693.^[14]
• 1875 - Munich Opera Festival begins.
• 1879 - Bavarian Army Museum founded.
• 1880
  • Bürgerliches Brauhaus formed.
  • Population: 230,023.^[14]
• 1885
  • Bürgerbräukeller (beer hall) in business.
  • Population: 261,982.^[14]
• 1887
  • Hofatelier Elvira founded.
  • Café Luitpold opens.^[15]
• 1888 - Munich Stadtmuseum established.
• 1889 - Eisenbahnkaserne built.
• 1890 - Population: 350,594.^[14]
• 1892
  • Rotkreuzklinikum München (hospital) opens.
  • Academic Alpine Club of Munich formed.^[16]
• 1893
  • Munich City Archives active.
  • Kaim Orchestra formed.
• 1894 -Production of Hildebrand & Wolfmüller motorcycle begins.^[17]
• 1895 - Population: 407,174.^[14]
• 1896 - Simplicissimus magazine begins publication.
• 1898 - City hosts Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen-Ausstellung.

20th century

See also: Timeline of Munich/1901–2000 (in German)

1900-1945

Sterneckerbräu, where Hitler attended his first German Workers' Party meeting on 12 September 1919 (photo 1925).^[18]

• 1900 - Künstlerhaus am Lenbachplatz opens.
• 1901
  • Franz Eher publisher in business.
  • Prinzregententheater opens.
• 1902 - Anthropologisch-Prähistorisches Sammlung des Staates formed.
• 1903 - Deutsches Museum von Meisterwerken der Naturwissenschaft und Technik founded.
• 1904 - Heinrich Thannhauser's art gallery opens.
• 1905 - Population: 538,983.
• 1908 - New Town Hall built; Rathaus-Glockenspiel installed.
• 1909
  • Neue Künstlervereinigung München founded.^[19]
  • Modern Gallery of contemporary art and Schackgalerie^[20] open.
• 1910 - 12 September: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 8.
• 1911
  • Hellabrunn Zoo opens.
  • Der Blaue Reiter art exhibit held.^[19]
• 1917 - Bayerische Motoren Werke formed.
• 1919
  • German Workers' Party founded in Munich.
  • 16 October: Hitler gives his first political speech at the Hofbräukeller.
  • City becomes capital of Bavarian Soviet Republic.
  • Population: 630,711.^[21]
• 1920
  • Nazi paramilitary Sturmabteilung headquartered in Munich.
  • Nazi Völkischer Beobachter newspaper headquartered in Munich.
• 1923 - 8–9 November: Nazis attempt coup ("Beer Hall Putsch").^[22]
• 1925 - Deutsche Verkehrsausstellung 1925 (transportation exposition) held in city.
• 1927 - Richard Strauss Conservatory founded.
• 1929 - Lenbachhaus museum opens.
• 1930
  • 13 September: Hitler gives campaign speech at the Circus Krone Building, prior to German federal election, 1930 on 14 September.
  • Population: 728,900.
• 1931 - National Socialist Party headquartered in Brown House.
• 1932
  • Nazi Sicherheitsdienst (intelligence agency) headquartered in Munich.
  • Zoologische Staatssammlung München formed.
• 1933
  • Nazi headquarters relocated from Munich to Berlin.
  • March: Dachau concentration camp begins operating near city.^[17]
• 1934 - Hunting museum established.
• 1935 - Münchner Haus der Kulturinstitute built.
• 1937
  • Führerbau constructed.
  • 18 July: House of German Art opens.
  • 19 July: "Degenerate art" exhibit held in Hofgarten.^[19]
• 1938
  • September: Munich Agreement signed.^[23]
  • November: Kristallnacht.
• 1939
  • Munich-Riem Airport opens.
  • Population: 829,318.
• 1940 - June: Bombing of Munich begins.
• 1942 - White Rose group active.^[24]
• 1945
  • AFN Munich begins broadcasting.
  • Munich Central Collecting Point set up.
  • Denazification.
  • Christian Social Union in Bavaria headquartered in Munich.

1946-1990s

• 1948 - Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste established.
• 1949 - Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra founded.
• 1951 - Residenz Theatre built.^[25]
• 1952 - Deutsches Brauereimuseum founded.
• 1954 - Population: 908,572.
• 1955 - Fast-food Wienerwald (restaurant) in business.^[8]
• 1958
  • 6 February: Munich air disaster.^[26]
  • Population: 1,011,878.
• 1959 - Munich Book Fair begins.
• 1960
  • Munich Central Station rebuilt.
  • Convair 340 crash.
• 1961 - Population: 1,106,298.
• 1963 - National Theatre rebuilt.
• 1965 - Population: 1,214,603.
• 1966
  • Staatliche Sammlung für Ägyptische Kunst founded.
  • Deutsches Jagdmuseum reopens.
• 1967 - Staatliche Antikensammlungen opens.
• 1970 - Population: 1,311,978.
• 1971 - U-Bahn begins operating.
• 1972
  • S-Bahn begins operating.
  • Olympic Stadium opens; city hosts Summer Olympics; Munich massacre.
  • BMW Headquarters is established.
• 1973 - Islamic Center of Munich built.^[27]
• 1978 - Population: 1,296,970.
• 1980 - Museum Witt established.
• 1983 - City hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).^[28]
• 1985 - Gasteig culture center opens.
• 1988 - Munich Biennale opera festival begins.
• 1989 - Sister city relationship established with Cincinnati, USA.^[29]
• 1990 - Museum of Man and Nature opens.
• 1992
  • City hosts 18th G7 summit.
  • Museum Villa Stuck opens.
• 1993
  • Bayerische Staatskanzlei built.
  • Bayerische Theaterakademie August Everding founded.
• 1995 - Eureka Prometheus Project's VaMP driverless car goes to Copenhagen and back.
• 1996 - City website online (approximate date).^[30]
• 1999 - BMW Headquarters declared as protected historial building

21st century

• 2000 - Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie formed.^[11]
• 2002 - Pinakothek der Moderne opens.
• 2003 - Goetz Collection opens.
• 2006 - Ohel Jakob synagogue built.
• 2007
  • Jewish Museum opens.
  • Population: 1,311,573.
• 2009 - Museum Brandhorst opens.
• 2010 - Türkentor restored.
• 2012 - March: 2012 Munich artworks discovery.
• 2013 - Population: 1,407,836.
• 2014 - Dieter Reiter becomes mayor.
• 2015
  • Migrants arrive.^[31]
  • NS-Dokumentationszentrum built.
• 2016 - Munich shooting occurs.

See also

• History of Munich
• List of mayors of Munich
• Timeline of German history

Other cities in the state of Bavaria:

• Timeline of Augsburg
• Timeline of Nuremberg
• Timeline of Würzburg

References

1. Baedeker 1887.
2. Townsend 1877.
3. Melitta Weiss Adamson (2004). "Timeline". Food in Medieval Times. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-32147-4.
4. Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel. The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co.
5. Georg Michael Pachtler (1890). "Chronologie der Stiftung von Kollegien S.J. innerhalb des alten deutschen Reiches und Belgiens (Chronology of Jesuit colleges in the old German Empire and Belgium)". Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica (in German). 9. Berlin: A. Hofmann & Comp.
6. Overall 1870.
7. Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co.
8. Ursula Heinzelmann (2008). "Timeline". Food Culture in Germany. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-34495-4.
9. Wadleigh 1910.
10. Alte Pinakothek (Munich, Germany) (1890), Catalogue of the paintings in the Old Pinakothek, Munich, Munich: Printed by Knorr & Hirth, OCLC 15988645
11. "Geschichte der Staatssammlung". München: Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
12. Florence Jean Ansell (1910), The art of the Munich galleries, Boston: L.C. Page & Company
13. Georg Friedrich Kolb (1862). "Deutschland: Bayern". Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde (in German). Leipzig: A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung.
14. Brockhaus 1896.
15. Bruckmann 1914.
16. A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal. UK (177).
17. Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
18. David T. Zabecki (2015). "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.
19. Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937". Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937. Online Exhibitions. British Library.
20. Munich. Schackgalerie (1911), Schack Gallery in Munich, Munich: [G. Hirth]
21. "Germany: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921 – via HathiTrust.
22. "Germany Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
23. Richard Overy, ed. (2013). New York Times Book of World War II 1939-1945. USA: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. ISBN 978-1-60376-377-6.
24. "Cases: Germany". Global Nonviolent Action Database. Pennsylvania, USA: Swarthmore College. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
25. Rosenfeld 2000.
26. Tom Dunmore (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
27. Ossama Hegazy (2015). "Towards a German Mosque". In Erkan Toğuşlu. Everyday Life Practices of Muslims in Europe. Leuven University Press. pp. 193–216. ISBN 978-94-6270-032-1.
28. "Bisherige Gartenschauen" [Previous Garden Shows] (in German). Bonn: Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
29. "Cincinnati USA Sister City Association". USA. Archived from the original on 19 May 2013.
30. "Landeshauptstadt München" (in German). Archived from the original on September 13, 2002 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
31. "Tausende Flüchtlinge erreichen Bayern: München ist da" [Thousands of refugees reach Bavaria], Der Speigel (in German), 1 September 2015

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• Edward Augustus Domeier (1830), "Munich", Descriptive Road-Book of Germany, London: Samuel Leigh
• Munich and Environs. Grieben's Travelling-Bibliothek (10th ed.). Berlin. 1866.
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Munich". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg.
• George Henry Townsend (1877), "Munich", Manual of Dates (5th ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co. – via HathiTrust
• "Munich", Southern Germany and Austria, including Hungary and Transylvania (6th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1887
• "Munich", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Munich", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via HathiTrust
• Henry Rawle Wadleigh (1910), Munich, history, monuments, and art, London: T.F. Unwin
• Guide to Munich, Bruckmann's Illustrated Guides (40th ed.), Munich: A. Bruckmann, 1914
• Gavriel D. Rosenfeld (2000). Munich and Memory: Architecture, Monuments, and the Legacy of the Third Reich. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-92302-7.
• John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Munich". Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8240-7644-3.

in German

• Jahrbuch für Münchener Geschichte [Annual review of Munich history] (in German) 1887-
• "Munchen". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German). 12 (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896.
• P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Munchen". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.

External links

• Links to fulltext city directories for Munich via Wikisource