Crotalus pricei

Crotalus pricei
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Subfamily: Crotalinae
Genus: Crotalus
Species: C. pricei
Binomial name
Crotalus pricei
Van Denburgh, 1895
Synonyms
Common names: twin-spotted rattlesnake,[2] western twin-spotted rattlesnake,[3] more

Crotalus pricei is a venomous pit viper species found in the United States and Mexico. Currently, two subspecies are recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.[4]

Etymology

The specific name, pricei, is in honor of William Wightman "Billy" Price (1871–1922), a field biologist, who collected the first specimens which became the type series.[5][6]

Description

Adults usually do not exceed 50–60 cm (about 20–24 in) in total length (including tail). The maximum total length recorded is 66 cm (26 in).[2]

The color pattern consists of a gray, bluish-gray, brownish-gray, or medium- to reddish-brown ground color, usually with a fine brown speckling. This is overlaid with a series of dorsal blotches that tend to be divided down the median line to form 39-64 pairs.[2]

Common names

Its common names are twin-spotted rattlesnake,[2] western twin-spotted rattlesnake,[3] Price's rattlesnake, Arizona spotted rattlesnake, spotted rattlesnake,[7] and Arizona twin-spotted rattlesnake.[8]

Geographic range

This snake is found in the United States in southeastern Arizona. In northern Mexico, it occurs in the Sierra Madre Occidental in Sonora, Chihuahua, and Durango. It has also been found in the Sierra Madre Oriental in southeastern Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas, with isolated records in San Luis Potosí and Aguascalientes. The type locality given is "Huachua Mts., Arizona" (Cochise County, Arizona, United States).[1]

Conservation status

This species is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001).[9] Species are listed as such due to their wide distribution, presumed large population, or because they are unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. The population trend was stable when assessed in 2007.[10]

Subspecies

Subspecies[4] Taxon author[4] Common name[3] Geographic range[1]
C. p. miquihuanus Gloyd, 1940 Eastern twin-spotted rattlesnake Mexico: southeastern Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas
C. p. pricei Van Denburgh, 1895 Western twin-spotted rattlesnake United States: southeastern Arizona, Mexico: Sonora, Chihuahua and Durango

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré TA (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. 1 2 3 4 Campbell JA, Lamar WW (2004). The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 870 pp., 1500 plates. ISBN 0-8014-4141-2.
  3. 1 2 3 Klauber LM (1997). Rattlesnakes: Their Habitats, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind. Second Edition. First published in 1956. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-21056-5.
  4. 1 2 3 "Crotalus pricei ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
  5. ↑ Moll, Edward O. (2003). "Patronyms of the Pioneer West, V. Crotalus pricei Van Denburgh, 1895 – Twin-spotted rattlesnake". Sonoran Herpetologist 16 (12): 110-112.
  6. ↑ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Crotalus pricei, p. 211).
  7. ↑ Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. (7th printing, 1985). Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes). ISBN 0-8014-0463-0.
  8. ↑ Brown JH (1973). Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN 0-398-02808-7.
  9. ↑ Crotalus pricei at the IUCN Red List. Accessed 13 September 2007.
  10. ↑ 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1) at the IUCN Red List. Accessed 13 September 2007.

Further reading

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