Vaynor Park

Vaynor Park, Vaynor, Berriew

Vaynor, Berriew
Coordinates 52°35′36″N 3°12′57″W / 52.5933°N 3.2158°W / 52.5933; -3.2158Coordinates: 52°35′36″N 3°12′57″W / 52.5933°N 3.2158°W / 52.5933; -3.2158
Built mid 15th Century
Rebuilt c1640
Restored 1840–1853
Architect Thomas Penson
Architectural style(s) Red brick with stone dressings and slate roof
Listed Building – Grade II*
Official name: Cadw Building ID: 7689
Designated 26 October 1953
Location of Vaynor Park, Vaynor, Berriew in Powys

Vaynor Park is a country house in a landscaped park, standing on high ground to the south-west of Berriew village, in the historic county of Montgomeryshire, now Powys. The origins of the house date from the mid-15th century, but the house was extensively re-built in brick about 1640. The house was further re-modelled in 1840–1853 by Thomas Penson.[1]

Early ownership

The substantial medieval house built for Edward ap Hywel ab leuan Llwyd is described by the poet Guto'r Glyn (c.1412 – c.1493) in the C15.[2]

17th-century rebuilding

In the 1570s the house was purchased by Arthur Price, a son of Mathew Price of Newtown Hall. Arthur Price was the Member of Parliament for the Montgomery Boroughs from 1571–2. The house then descended to George Devereux, who in 1633 had married Briget, the granddaughter of Arthur Price. The brick house, shown in John Ingleby’s watercolours, was built for the Devereux family. George Devereux was the son of Sir George Devereux of Sheldon Hall Warwickshire and his uncle was Walter Devereux, Viscount Hereford.[3] George Devereux played a leading part in Montgomeryshire politics. Sir George Devereux (d. 1665 ), who was ‘ recruiter ’ M.P. for Montgomery in the Long Parliament ( 6 April 1647 ). He was suspended as a ‘ delinquent ’ the following May, but signed the Montgomeryshire declaration for Parliament on 20 May 1648 . After the king's execution he remained in retirement till he began to sit on county committees in 1657 and accepted office as sheriff in 1658. Haslam attributes the building of Vaynor in brick to him around 1640, but it could also be after the Civil War.[4]

Vaynor Park, Berriew from the air with Walled garden to west

Vaynor is one of only four big brick houses of its date in the county and is built in Flemish bond. John Ingleby's drawings show the back of the house with two storeys of eight bays beneath four equal gables. The W front, facing over a courtyard had a five-bay centre flanked by hip-roofed wings two bays wide by one deep: this all looks like a re-working of c.1670. External chimneys on the side walls can be compared with Llandrinio Hall of 1682.[5] After Sir George’s death in 1665, the house passed to his grandson Price Devereux (1664–1740), also M.P. for the Montgomery Boroughs, until he became the 9th Viscount Hereford in 1700. Following the death of Price Devereux, the property was left as part of the residual estate in 1748 to his executor and lawyer Robert Moxon. The Viscounts Hereford then, for a time, lived at Nantcribba near Montgomery. In 1793 Robert Moxon’s nephew left the house and estate to his sister Ann and her husband John Winder, so passing to the present owners, the Corbett-Winder family.

John Ingleby's views of Vaynor 1796

              Thomas Pennant's From Downing to Montgomery and Shrewsbury in July 1776. pg. 380
On the left is the house of Vaynor, once the property of the Prices; but, by marriage of the heiress , in the last century, to George Devereux, Esq; was transferred to the Viscounts Hereford. But on the death of Price Devereux, tenth of that honor, was , by will, alienated to persons foreign to the name and blood.

“
”

A Tour in Wales. Bridge Books reprint, Wrexham, Vol 2, 357–437 (pg.380)

1990

John Ingleby, watercolour of west front of the house and entrance court 1796. The National Library of Wales (PD 9205).
John Ingleby, watercolour of view across park to south-east (PD 9204). The National Library of Wales.

In 1776 Thomas Pennant stayed with his friend Arthur Blayney at nearby Gregynog while making a tour through Montgomeryshire. When this Tour was included in the second edition of ‘‘Tour in Wales’‘ which was published in 1783, he only included a short description of Vaynor. He intended to revise the Montgomeryshire tour, and, as it was un-illustrated, he commissioned the artist in John Ingleby in 1794-6 to produce a series of watercolours of Montgomeryshire houses and churches. These watercolours are now in the National Library of Wales and included two watercolours of Vaynor. In one of these, Ingleby shows himself on horseback sketching Vaynor. Ingleby’s watercolour shows the S W aspect of the house which now looks onto a rectangular court yard at the opposite end of which is a long stable block. The two forward wings of the house remain but the buildings to each side have been removed.

Rebuilding by Thomas Penson 1840–53

Vaynor Park, Berriew
Vaynor Park, Berriew

In the early 19th the Winder family had various schemes for rebuilding Vaynor. Plans exist of c1810 by Thomas Hopper for a Gothic extravaganza and a further scheme was submitted by Peter Frederick Robinson about 1820.[6] However in the mid 1830s John Lyon Winder opted for a more modest scheme by Thomas Penson the Montgomeryshire County Surveyor which preserved a greater portion of the interiors of the house . The style chosen was Jacobean, a reflection of taste changing from the austere medieval of earlier in the century towards more opulent decoration. So on the West, transom-and-mullion windows were inserted (replacing Georgian sashes) and given pediments, big shaped gables were substituted, and a carved porch with pilasters and a strapwork crest was added, to give an E plan. The chimneys were rebuilt with the tall brick shafts that were to characterize many of the estate houses and farms. Shaped gables to the E side, the outer bays with strapwork-crested bay-windows. Penson’s remodeling is of convincing quality, and is particularly dramatic when viewed from below the terrace to the S. Inside, the plan was reordered by Penson, but most of the fittings are those of the late C17, which is a tribute to him. In the hall a C17 carved overmantel from Crutched Friars. The library, whose l. part held the staircase, has a plaster ceiling and lovely woodwork to Penson's designs, excepting a mid-C17 overmantel, which has carved figures. In the drawing and dining rooms, ceilings by Penson (the latter based on that in the long gallery at Hardwick Hall), and in the latter a fireplace carved by Henry Street incorporating C17 pieces. The fine staircase, dog-leg, with its fluted pear-shaped balusters and bold bolection panelling, was reassembled – which might account for some crude details in the broken triangular pediments over the doorcases. In the study, late C17 bolection paneling. [7] The house stands at the E of a courtyard which had two-storey pavilions halfway down the side walls. The long C17 gatehouse and stables have scrolled gables which were lowered by Penson, who added three gables facing the house. The florid Elizabethan frontispiece on the outer side came last and was added by Samuel Pountney Smith of Shrewsbury, 1853.

Literature

References

  1. ↑ "Scourfield R and Haslam R", (2013) , p. 84.
  2. ↑ Ifor Williams and J. Ll. Williams Gwaith Guto'r Glyn, 57–8
  3. ↑ Pinhorn M Vaynor, Berriew, Montgomeryshire, Montgomeryshire Collections,Vol 65, 1977, 32.
  4. ↑ Haslam, R. A note on the architecture of Vaynor Park,Montgomeryshire Collections,Vol 65, 1977
  5. ↑ "Scourfield R and Haslam R", (2013) , pp. 141–2.
  6. ↑ "Cadw", 1999, 255
  7. ↑ "Scourfield R and Haslam R", (2013) p. 84.

See also

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