Young Eclipse

Young Eclipse
Sire	Eclipse
Grandsire	Marske
Dam	Juno
Damsire	Spectator
Sex	Stallion
Foaled	1778
Country	Kingdom of Great Britain
Colour	Bay
Breeder	Dennis O'Kelly
Owner	Dennis O'Kelly
Trainer	Not recorded
Record	13:7-1-2 (incomplete)
Major wins
Epsom Derby (1781)

Young Eclipse (1778 – c. 1803) was a Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1781 Epsom Derby. He raced until he was six years old, winning seven races and retiring to stud in 1785. He was not a successful sire.

Background

Young Eclipse was foaled in 1778 and was bred by Dennis O'Kelly, who owned his sire Eclipse and stood him at his Clay Hill Stud farm near Epsom for a 50-guinea per mare stud fee. O'Kelly was an Irish immigrant who had made his fortune through professional gambling, Eclipse's stud fees and the profits of a brothel run by his lover Charlotte Hayes.^[1] Eclipse was undefeated during his racing career, winning 18 races,^[2] and is the foundation sire from which most modern Thoroughbreds descend. Young Eclipse's dam, Juno (foaled in 1764), was bred by the Duke of Ancaster and produced nine foals between 1772 and her death in 1793. Young Eclipse was her sixth and most notable foal.^[3]

Young Eclipse was considered "fleeter" than his sire at distances less than three miles and reportedly was ill-tempered and "what the jockeys call rusty."^[4]

Racing career

Cameo of Dennis O'Kelly, Young Eclipse's breeder and owner

Young Eclipse was trained "privately" at Epsom and the name of his trainer was not recorded.^[5] Young Eclipse won seven races during his career and raced mostly at Newmarket.^[6] His most important win was in the 1781 Derby. He retired to stud in 1785 after he injured a fetlock during his last race.^[7]

1781: three-year-old season

The second Derby Stakes was run on 24 May 1781 with a field of thirteen horses. The betting favorite was John Lade's colt Crop at odds of 5 to 4 with odds on Young Eclipse at 10 to 1. Young Eclipse won the race, with Crop finishing second and Prince of Orange third. On 31 May at Epsom, he lost two £50 two-mile heats to the colt Laburnum.^[8] At the October Meeting at Newmarket, Young Eclipse received an unspecified forfeiture from a filly sired by Sweetwilliam.^[6]

1782: four-year-old season

Young Eclipse won a match race against the horse Blush at Newmarket. Young Eclipse did not place in the Claret Stakes, the race being won by the colt Crop and the second-place finisher Regent receiving "two hogsheads of claret" from Crop's owner.^[9] On 20 June, Young Eclipse was fourth in a sweepstakes race which was won by the colt Arske.^[10] He received 50-guineas forfeiture from the colt Fox at Epsom and a 100-guinea forfeiture from Orando at Newmarket in October.^[6] Young Eclipse was third in a 60-guinea Purse race, losing to the filly Dido and the colt Flamer.^[11]

1783: five-year-old season

At the First Spring Meeting in Newmarket, Young Eclipse beat the horses Alric and Crop for a 100-guinea sweepstakes race. In July, he again beat Crop in a 500-guinea race and received a 60-guinea forfeiture from the colt Skinflint. At Burford, Young Eclipse won the King's Plate on 19 August.^[6] At Lichfield, Young Eclipse lost the Ladies' Purse to the colt Petrarch who won three heats in the race after Young Eclipse won the first heat.^[12]

1784: six-year-old season

Young Eclipse was third in a £50 race at the First Spring Meeting in Newmarket to the colts Mercury and Signor.^[13] In Newmarket during the Second Spring Meeting, Young Eclipse won a match race against the colt Imperator and won a £50 race by winning two-mile heats against Lord Grosvenor horse Flamer. He received 150 guineas forfeit from the colt Assassin (the 1782 Derby winner) in July and walked over for the 100-guinea King's Purse on 3 August at Nottingham. Young Eclipse's last turf appearance occurred in York for the August Meeting where he "broke down" while running for the King's Purse against the horses Recovery and Monk.^[6] He had dislocated one of his fetlock joints and was permanently retired from racing.^[7]

Stud career

Young Eclipse was retired to stud after his racing career. By 1796, he was listed as a stallion at Colney Chapel, 3 miles from St. Albans, for a fee of 20 guineas per mare and a one guinea groom fee.^[14] He was advertised in the stallion register in 1803, but was not mentioned in the 1804 edition. Young Eclipse is not considered to be a successful sire.

Young Eclipse sired a colt, also named Young Eclipse, that was foaled in 1799 out of a Highflyer mare and was owned by a Mr. Wilson.^[15] This Young Eclipse was second in the 1802 Epsom Derby to the colt Tyrant and was considered "the best horse of his year."^[16] He is often confused with his sire.

Tabulated pedigree

Pedigree of Young Eclipse (GB), Bay Colt, 1778^[17]
Sire Eclipse (GB) Chestnut, 1764	Marske 1750	Squirt	Bartlett's Childers
		Squirt	Sister to Old Country Wench
		The Ruby Mare	Huttons Blacklegs
		The Ruby Mare	Bay Bolton Mare
	Spilletta 1749	Regulus	Godolphin Arabian
		Regulus	Grey Robinson
		Mother Western	Easby Snake
		Mother Western	Old Montagu Mare
Dam Juno Bay, 1764	Spectator 1749	Crab	Alcock's Arabian
		Crab	Siter to Soreheels
		Partner Mare	Partner
		Partner Mare	Bonny Lass
	Horatia 1758	Blank	Godolphin Arabian
		Blank	Amorett
		Sister One to Steady	Flying Childers
		Sister One to Steady	Miss Belvoir

Young Eclipse was distantly inbred 4 x 4 to the Godolphin Arabian, meaning this horse appears twice in the fourth generation of his pedigree.

References

↑ Staff (1788). "Sketch of the life and character of Dennis O'Kelly, Esq.". The Edinburgh magazine, or Literary miscellany. 7: 105.
↑ Merry, Thomas B. (1905). The American Thoroughbred. Los Angeles: Commercial Printing House. p. 27.
↑ Skinner, J.S. (1834). "Juno". The General Stud Book. 1 and 2: 219.
↑ Staff (1798). "Further particulars of Eclipse". Sporting Magazine. 11: 71.
↑ Black, Robert (1893). Horse-racing in England : a synoptical review. London: Richard Bently and Son. p. 248.
1 2 3 4 5 Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Winners & etc.". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 170.
1 2 Cook, Sir Theodore Andrea (1907). Eclipse & OK̓elly. London: Dutton. p. 113.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Labernum". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 75.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Crop". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 253.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Arske". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 206.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Dido". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 257.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Petrarch". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 273.
↑ Pick, Willam and R. Johnson (1822). "Mercury". The turf register, and sportsman & breeder's stud-book. 3: 266.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1796). "Stallions". Racing Calendar. 24: 329.
↑ Weatherby, Edward and James (1858). "Highflyer Mare". The General Stud Book. 1: 310.
↑ Nimrod (1850). The chance, the turf, the road. London: J. Murray. p. 145.
↑ Staff. "Young Eclipse 5x Pedigree". Retrieved 22 January 2012.

Epsom Derby winners

1780 Diomed 1781 Young Eclipse 1782 Assassin 1783 Saltram 1784 Serjeant 1785 Aimwell 1786 Noble 1787 Sir Peter Teazle 1788 Sir Thomas 1789 Skyscraper 1790 Rhadamanthus 1791 Eager 1792 John Bull 1793 Waxy 1794 Daedalus 1795 Spread Eagle 1796 Didelot 1797 colt by Fidget 1798 Sir Harry 1799 Archduke 1800 Champion 1801 Eleanor ♥ 1802 Tyrant 1803 Ditto 1804 Hannibal 1805 Cardinal Beaufort 1806 Paris 1807 Election 1808 Pan 1809 Pope 1810 Whalebone 1811 Phantom 1812 Octavius 1813 Smolensko 1814 Blucher 1815 Whisker 1816 Prince Leopold 1817 Azor 1818 Sam 1819 Tiresias 1820 Sailor 1821 Gustavus 1822 Moses 1823 Emilius 1824 Cedric 1825 Middleton 1826 Lap-dog 1827 Mameluke 1828 Cadland 1829 Frederick 1830 Priam 1831 Spaniel 1832 St. Giles 1833 Dangerous 1834 Plenipotentiary 1835 Mundig 1836 Bay Middleton 1837 Phosphorus 1838 Amato 1839 Bloomsbury 1840 Little Wonder 1841 Coronation 1842 Attila 1843 Cotherstone 1844 Orlando 1845 The Merry Monarch 1846 Pyrrhus The First 1847 Cossack 1848 Surplice 1849 The Flying Dutchman 1850 Voltigeur 1851 Teddington 1852 Daniel O'Rourke 1853 West Australian ₩ 1854 Andover 1855 Wild Dayrell 1856 Ellington 1857 Blink Bonny ♥ 1858 Beadsman 1859 Musjid 1860 Thormanby 1861 Kettledrum 1862 Caractacus 1863 Macaroni 1864 Blair Athol 1865 Gladiateur ₩ 1866 Lord Lyon ₩ 1867 Hermit 1868 Blue Gown 1869 Pretender 1870 Kingcraft 1871 Favonius 1872 Cremorne 1873 Doncaster 1874 George Frederick 1875 Galopin 1876 Kisber 1877 Silvio 1878 Sefton 1879 Sir Bevys 1880 Bend Or 1881 Iroquois 1882 Shotover ♥ 1883 St. Blaise 1884 St. Gatien Harvester 1885 Melton 1886 Ormonde ₩ 1887 Merry Hampton 1888 Ayrshire 1889 Donovan 1890 Sainfoin 1891 Common ₩ 1892 Sir Hugo 1893 Isinglass ₩ 1894 Ladas 1895 Sir Visto 1896 Persimmon 1897 Galtee More ₩ 1898 Jeddah 1899 Flying Fox ₩ 1900 Diamond Jubilee ₩ 1901 Volodyovski 1902 Ard Patrick 1903 Rock Sand ₩ 1904 St. Amant 1905 Cicero 1906 Spearmint 1907 Orby 1908 Signorinetta ♥ 1909 Minoru 1910 Lemberg 1911 Sunstar 1912 Tagalie ♥ 1913 Aboyeur 1914 Durbar 1915 Pommern ₩ 1916 Fifinella ♥ 1917 Gay Crusader ₩ 1918 Gainsborough ₩ 1919 Grand Parade 1920 Spion Kop 1921 Humorist 1922 Captain Cuttle 1923 Papyrus 1924 Sansovino 1925 Manna 1926 Coronach 1927 Call Boy 1928 Felstead 1929 Trigo 1930 Blenheim 1931 Cameronian 1932 April the Fifth 1933 Hyperion 1934 Windsor Lad 1935 Bahram ₩ 1936 Mahmoud 1937 Mid-day Sun 1938 Bois Roussel 1939 Blue Peter 1940 Pont l'Eveque 1941 Owen Tudor 1942 Watling Street 1943 Straight Deal 1944 Ocean Swell 1945 Dante 1946 Airborne 1947 Pearl Diver 1948 My Love 1949 Nimbus 1950 Galcador 1951 Arctic Prince 1952 Tulyar 1953 Pinza 1954 Never Say Die 1955 Phil Drake 1956 Lavandin 1957 Crepello 1958 Hard Ridden 1959 Parthia 1960 St Paddy 1961 Psidium 1962 Larkspur 1963 Relko 1964 Santa Claus 1965 Sea Bird 1966 Charlottown 1967 Royal Palace 1968 Sir Ivor 1969 Blakeney 1970 Nijinsky ₩ 1971 Mill Reef 1972 Roberto 1973 Morston 1974 Snow Knight 1975 Grundy 1976 Empery 1977 The Minstrel 1978 Shirley Heights 1979 Troy 1980 Henbit 1981 Shergar 1982 Golden Fleece 1983 Teenoso 1984 Secreto 1985 Slip Anchor 1986 Shahrastani 1987 Reference Point 1988 Kahyasi 1989 Nashwan 1990 Quest for Fame 1991 Generous 1992 Dr Devious 1993 Commander in Chief 1994 Erhaab 1995 Lammtarra 1996 Shaamit 1997 Benny the Dip 1998 High-Rise 1999 Oath 2000 Sinndar 2001 Galileo 2002 High Chaparral 2003 Kris Kin 2004 North Light 2005 Motivator 2006 Sir Percy 2007 Authorized 2008 New Approach 2009 Sea the Stars 2010 Workforce 2011 Pour Moi 2012 Camelot 2013 Ruler of the World 2014 Australia 2015 Golden Horn 2016 Harzand

Legend - ₩ = Triple Crown Winners, ♥ = Filly

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